Biological Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Threatened synanthropes depend on intact forests: a critical evaluation of Moore et al. (2023).","authors":"Anna Holzner, Nadine Ruppert, Kurnia Ilham, Stefano S K Kaburu, André Luiz Koch Liston, Agustin Fuentes, Malene F Hansen","doi":"10.1111/brv.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synanthropes are known for their remarkable adaptability to coexist with humans, yet increased visibility exposes them to significant threats, such as hunting or conflict over resources. Moore et al.'s review 'The rise of hyperabundant native generalists threatens both humans and nature' (https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12985) explores distribution patterns and impacts of macaques and pigs in anthropogenic environments. Our critical evaluation of this study revealed several substantial issues: the pooling of data from species that are ecologically and behaviourally distinct, an error in data acquisition, potential biases in statistical analyses, and critical misrepresentations of threats to and from wildlife in human-impacted habitats. Additionally, we highlight the lack of evidence supporting the authors' core assertion of hyperabundance of the study species. While Moore et al. compare species densities and abundance across various habitat types, their analyses did not demonstrate population increases over time. On the contrary, our re-analysis of their data sets showed a decreasing population trend in Macaca nemestrina and the absence of M. fascicularis from 44% of surveyed habitats characterized by medium to high forest integrity. Further, our findings emphasize the importance of intact forests for predicting a high relative abundance of macaques and pigs. Overall, we recommend a more careful interpretation of the data, as misrepresentations of abundance data can result in negative or sensational discourses about overabundance, which may threaten the conservation of species that often thrive in anthropogenic landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diatom triacylglycerol metabolism: from carbon fixation to lipid droplet degradation.","authors":"Victor Murison, Josiane Hérault, Justine Marchand, Lionel Ulmann","doi":"10.1111/brv.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diatoms are a prominent microalgae family that has attracted interest for its production of molecules of biotechnological interest. Their fatty acid profile is rich in health-beneficial omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Furthermore, under nutrient-deprived conditions, many diatom species, notably Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Thalassiosira pseudonana and Fistulifera solaris, can accumulate a high proportion of their biomass as neutral lipids, mostly triacylglycerol (TAG), that have adequate properties for conversion into biodiesel. Compared to commonly studied green and red microalgae, diatoms have specific metabolic characteristics linked to their unique evolutionary history. Although the physiology and biochemistry of diatoms have been well studied, an in-depth exploration of metabolism has been possible only in the last two decades with the help of \"-omics\" approaches and genetic engineering technologies. In this review, a global landscape of diatom TAG metabolism is presented. The pathways leading to the production of TAG are considered first, followed by the characteristics and dynamics of the lipid droplets that serve as TAG storage, and then by TAG degradation pathways. We end with an overview of future research perspectives, with emphasis on yet understudied metabolism aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing causal mediation analyses to quantify intermediary processes in ecology.","authors":"Hannah E Correia, Laura E Dee, Paul J Ferraro","doi":"10.1111/brv.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecologists seek to understand the intermediary ecological processes through which changes in one attribute in a system affect other attributes. A causal understanding of mediating processes is important for testing theory and developing resource management and conservation strategies. Yet, quantifying the causal effects of these mediating processes in ecological systems is challenging, because it requires defining what we mean by a \"mediated effect\", determining what assumptions are required to estimate mediation effects without bias, and assessing whether these assumptions are credible in a study. To address these challenges, scholars have made significant advances in research designs for mediation analysis. Here, we review these advances for ecologists. To illustrate both the advances and the challenges in quantifying mediation effects, we use a hypothetical ecological study of drought impacts on grassland productivity. With this study, we show how common research designs used in ecology to detect and quantify mediation effects may have biases and how these biases can be addressed through alternative designs. Throughout the review, we highlight how causal claims rely on causal assumptions, and we illustrate how different designs or definitions of mediation effects can relax some of these assumptions. In contrast to statistical assumptions, causal assumptions are not verifiable from data, and so we also describe procedures that we can use to assess the sensitivity of a study's results to potential violations of its causal assumptions. The advances in causal mediation analyses reviewed herein equip ecologists to communicate clearly the causal assumptions necessary for valid inferences, and to examine and address potential violations to these assumptions using suitable experimental and observational designs, which will enable rigorous and reproducible explanations of intermediary processes in ecology.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From curiosity to play: re-evaluating the evolutionary origins of play.","authors":"Sakumi Iki","doi":"10.1111/brv.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The origins of play remain a profound puzzle in animal evolution. Play is often characterised as a seemingly non-functional behaviour that confers little survival or reproductive benefit. This characteristic makes the evolution of play appear paradoxical under Darwinian principles, which posit that traits must be beneficial to be selected. Given that the adaptive benefits are unclear even for the well-established forms of play in extant animals, it seems improbable that an incipient form of play in the earliest stages of evolution emerged due to a decisive selective advantage. The conventional view that has gained traction suggests that play evolved not as an adaptive trait but as a by-product of energetic, ontogenetic, ecological, and psychological facilitating factors. Building upon previous empirical and theoretical studies, this review discusses the evolutionary relationship between play and exploration. More specifically, it argues that relying on the classification dividing exploration into intrinsic and extrinsic types can help us articulate both the evolutionary and mechanistic continuities and discontinuities between play and exploration. Based on this distinction, this article proposes the following hypothesis: play originally evolved as a by-product of curiosity-motivated intrinsic exploration. This hypothesis is supported by recent empirical evidence indicating that play may have evolved by co-opting some of the mechanisms of curiosity, including (i) the commonality between stimuli that elicit curiosity and those that elicit play, and (ii) the shared neural basis of curiosity and play involving the reward and executive control systems. I also discuss new testable predictions derived from this hypothesis and outline future research directions, including comparative phylogenetic studies, eco-sociological analyses, and psycho-behavioural approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parallels and discrepancies between non-native species introductions and human migration","authors":"Danish A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Ronaldo Sousa,&nbsp;Alejandro Bortolus,&nbsp;Ceray Aldemir,&nbsp;Nicole F. Angeli,&nbsp;Dagmara Błońska,&nbsp;Elizabeta Briski,&nbsp;J. Robert Britton,&nbsp;Carlos Cano-Barbacil,&nbsp;Aaron Clark-Ginsberg,&nbsp;Irina Culic,&nbsp;Ross N. Cuthbert,&nbsp;Jaimie Dick,&nbsp;Romina D. Dimarco,&nbsp;Franz Essl,&nbsp;Teun Everts,&nbsp;Emili García-Berthou,&nbsp;Mathew Hauer,&nbsp;Antonín Kouba,&nbsp;Melina Kourantidou,&nbsp;Ulrich Kutschera,&nbsp;Stefano Mammola,&nbsp;Irene Martín-Forés,&nbsp;Olivier Morissette,&nbsp;Martin A. Nuñez,&nbsp;Julian D. Olden,&nbsp;Lucian Pârvulescu,&nbsp;Jan Pergl,&nbsp;David Renault,&nbsp;Axel Eduardo Rico-Sánchez,&nbsp;James C. Russell,&nbsp;Ismael Soto,&nbsp;Ali Serhan Tarkan,&nbsp;Tuğba Uçma Uysal,&nbsp;Hugo Verreycken,&nbsp;Lorenzo Vilizzi,&nbsp;Ryan Wasserman,&nbsp;Priscilla Wehi,&nbsp;Phillip J. Haubrock","doi":"10.1111/brv.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biological invasions and human migrations have increased globally due to socio-economic drivers and environmental factors that have enhanced cultural, economic, and geographic connectivity. Both processes involve the movement, establishment, and spread of species, yet unfold within fundamentally different philosophical, social and biological contexts. Hence, studying biological invasions (invasion science) and human migration (migration studies) presents complex parallels that are potentially fruitful to explore. Here, we examined nuanced parallels and differences between these two phenomena, integrating historical, socio-political, and ethical perspectives. Our review underscores the need for context-specific approaches in policymaking and governance to address effectively the challenges and opportunities of human migration and harm from biological invasions. We suggest that approaches to studying the drivers of biological invasions and human migration provide an excellent opportunity for transdisciplinary research; one that acknowledges the complexities and potential insights from both fields of study. Ultimately, integrating natural and social sciences offers a promising avenue for enriching the understanding of invasion biology and migration dynamics while pursuing just, equitable, and sustainable solutions. However, while human migration is a clear driver of biological invasions, drawing on principles from biological invasions to understand past and current human migration risks oversimplification and the potential for harmful generalisations that disregard the intrinsic rights and cultural dynamics of human migrations. By doing so, we provide insights and frameworks to support the development of context-specific policies that respect human dignity, foster cultural diversity, and address migration challenges in ways that promote global cooperation and justice. This interdisciplinary approach highlights the potential for transdisciplinary research that acknowledges complexities in both fields, ultimately enriching our understanding of invasion biology and migration dynamics while pursuing equitable and sustainable solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1365-1395"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/brv.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-generational fitness legacies of natural immigration: theoretical and empirical perspectives and opportunities","authors":"Debora Goedert,&nbsp;Henrik Jensen,&nbsp;Lisa Dickel,&nbsp;Jane M. Reid","doi":"10.1111/brv.13183","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.13183","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Natural dispersal between populations, and resulting immigration, influences population size and genetic variation and is therefore a key process driving reciprocal interactions between ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Here, population dynamic and evolutionary outcomes fundamentally depend not only on the relative fitnesses of natural immigrants and existing residents, but also on the fitness of their various descendants manifested in natural environments. Yet, the fitnesses of different sets of natural immigrants' descendants have rarely been explicitly or rigorously estimated or rationalised in the context of wild spatially structured populations. We therefore still have surprisingly limited capability to understand or predict the ultimate multi-generational impacts of natural immigration on population and evolutionary dynamics. Key theoretical frameworks that predict fitness outcomes of outcrossing between lineages have been developed and widely utilised in the contexts of agriculture and speciation research. These frameworks have also been applied in conservation genetics research to predict positive (widely termed “heterosis”) and negative (widely termed “outbreeding depression”) outcomes in the context of genetic rescue of highly inbred populations. However, these frameworks have rarely been utilised explicitly to guide analyses of multi-generational legacies of regular natural immigrants in the context of evolutionary ecology, precluding inferences on the basis of, and implications of, sub-population divergence. Accordingly, to facilitate translation of concepts and inspire new empirical efforts, we first review and synthesise key bodies of theory on multi-generational fitness outcomes, developed in the contexts of crosses between inbred lines and between different species. Such theory reveals how diverse fitness outcomes can be generated by common underlying mechanisms, depending on the genetic architecture of fitness, the forms of genotype–phenotype–fitness maps, and the relative roles of adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms in population differentiation. Interestingly, such theory predicts particularly diverse fitness outcomes of crosses between weakly diverged lineages, constituting the parameter space where spatially structured populations lie. We then conduct a systematic literature review to assess the degree to which multi-generational outcomes of crosses between structured natural populations have actually been quantified. Our review shows a surprising paucity of empirical studies that quantify multi-generational fitness consequences of outcrossing resulting from natural immigration in the wild. Furthermore, studies undertaking experimental crosses among populations have used inconsistent methodologies, precluding quantitative or even qualitative overall conclusions. To initiate new progress, we outline how long-standing and recent methodological developments, including cutting-edge statistical and","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1250-1271"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic investigations of successful invasions: the picture emerging from recent studies","authors":"Joanna Kołodziejczyk,&nbsp;Anna Fijarczyk,&nbsp;Ilga Porth,&nbsp;Piotr Robakowski,&nbsp;Noel Vella,&nbsp;Adriana Vella,&nbsp;Agnieszka Kloch,&nbsp;Aleksandra Biedrzycka","doi":"10.1111/brv.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasion biology aims to identify traits and mechanisms that contribute to successful invasions, while also providing general insights into the mechanisms underlying population expansion and adaptation to rapid climate and habitat changes. Certain phenotypic attributes have been linked to successful invasions, and the role of genetics has been critical in understanding adaptation of invasive species. Nevertheless, a comprehensive summary evaluating the most common evolutionary mechanisms associated with successful invasions across species and environments is still lacking. Here we present a systematic review of studies since 2015 that have applied genomic tools to investigate mechanisms of successful invasions across different organisms. We examine demographic patterns such as changes in genomic diversity at the population level, the presence of genetic bottlenecks and gene flow in the invasive range. We review mechanisms of adaptation such as selection from standing genetic variation and <i>de novo</i> mutations, hybridisation and introgression, all of which can have an impact on invasion success. This comprehensive review of recent articles on the genomic diversity of invasive species led to the creation of a searchable database to provide researchers with an accessible resource. Analysis of this database allowed quantitative assessment of demographic and adaptive mechanisms acting in invasive species. A predominant role of admixture in increasing levels of genetic diversity enabling molecular adaptation in novel habitats is the most important finding of our study. The “genetic paradox” of invasive species was not validated in genomic data across species and ecosystems. Even though the presence of genetic drift and bottlenecks is commonly reported upon invasion, a large reduction in genomic diversity is rarely observed. Any decrease in genetic diversity is often relatively mild and almost always restored <i>via</i> gene flow between different invasive populations. The fact that loci under selection are frequently detected suggests that adaptation to novel habitats on a molecular level is not hindered. The above findings are confirmed herein for the first time in a semi-quantitative manner by molecular data. We also point to gaps and potential improvements in the design of studies of mechanisms driving rapid molecular adaptation in invasive populations. These include the scarcity of comprehensive studies that include sampling from multiple native and invasive populations, identification of invasion sources, longitudinal population sampling, and the integration of fitness measures into genomic analyses. We also note that the potential of whole genome studies is often not exploited fully in predicting invasive potential. Comparative genomic studies identifying genome features promoting invasions are underrepresented despite their potential for use as a tool in invasive species control.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1396-1418"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/brv.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of host plants in driving pathogen susceptibility in insects through chemicals, immune responses and microbiota","authors":"Ehsan Sanaei,&nbsp;Jacobus C. de Roode","doi":"10.1111/brv.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the pivotal role of host plants in shaping the intricate interactions between herbivorous insects and their pathogens. Recent decades have seen a surge in studies that demonstrate that host plants are crucial drivers of the interactions between insects and pathogens, providing novel insights into the direct and indirect interactions that shape tri-trophic interactions. These studies have built on a wide range of pathogens, from viruses to bacteria, and from protozoans to fungi. We summarise these studies, and discuss the mechanisms of plant-mediated insect resistance to infection, ranging from the toxicity of plant chemicals to pathogens to enhancement of anti-pathogen immune responses, and modulation of the insect's microbiome. Although we provide evidence for the roles of all these mechanisms, we also point out that the majority of existing studies are phenomenological, describing patterns without addressing the underlying mechanisms. To further our understanding of these tri-trophic interactions, we therefore urge researchers to design their studies to enable them specifically to distinguish the mechanisms by which plants affect insect susceptibility to pathogens.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1347-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-related drivers of migratory bird health in the south-central USA","authors":"Renee A. McPherson,&nbsp;Katrina E. Alger,&nbsp;Erik Hofmeister","doi":"10.1111/brv.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Migratory birds are species of concern that play important ecological roles while also supporting recreational opportunities for the hunting and birdwatching public. Direct and indirect effects of climate variability, extremes, and change on migratory bird health manifest at the individual, population, species, and community levels. This review focuses on the effects of climate on migratory birds that spend part of their life cycles in the south-central USA. Although gaps in knowledge remain, prior studies provide a solid foundation to understand how climate affects migratory birds to inform management priorities and actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1272-1293"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/brv.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting concepts of thermal physiology: understanding negative feedback and set-point in mammals, birds, and lizards","authors":"Duncan Mitchell,&nbsp;Andrea Fuller,&nbsp;Edward P. Snelling,&nbsp;Glenn J. Tattersall,&nbsp;Robyn S. Hetem,&nbsp;Shane K. Maloney","doi":"10.1111/brv.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/brv.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The thermoregulatory system of homeothermic endotherms operates to attain thermal equilibrium, that is no net loss or gain of heat, where possible, under a thermal challenge, and not to attain a set-point or any other target body temperature. The concept of a set-point in homeothermic temperature regulation has been widely misinterpreted, resulting in such confusion that some thermoregulation specialists have recommended that it be abandoned. But the set-point concept has enjoyed a resurgence in a different domain, lizard microclimate selection. We review the principles of thermoregulation in homeotherms, endorse a negative feedback system with independent set-points for individual thermo-effectors as its core mechanism, and address the misconceptions about homeothermic set-point. We also explore the concept of set-point range in lizard microclimate selection and conclude that there is substantial convergence between that concept and the set-points of homeothermic thermo-effectors, as thresholds. In neither homeothermic nor lizard thermoregulation is the concept of a unitary set-point appropriate. We review the problems of measuring the set-points for lizard microclimate selection. We do not believe that the set-point concept in thermoregulation should be abandoned just because it has been misinterpreted by some users. It is a valid concept, identifying the threshold body temperatures at which regulatory thermo-effectors will be activated, to aid in attaining thermal equilibrium.</p>","PeriodicalId":133,"journal":{"name":"Biological Reviews","volume":"100 3","pages":"1317-1346"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/brv.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}