Indian Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"A comparative study of two intrastromal corneal ring segment models in keratoconus: A retrospective study.","authors":"Ali Dal, Murat Erdağ, Mehmet Canleblebici","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_14_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_14_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess BioRing's (Biotech, India) clinical and topographic efficacy in treating moderate-to-advanced keratoconus and compare its visual, refractive, and keratometric results to Keraring (Mediphacos, Brazil) at different stages of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study evaluated the results of 74 eyes (58 patients) that received femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation from March 2019 to March 2024. The Amsler-Krumeich classification classified the patients as having either moderate or advanced keratoconus. Group 1 comprised 39 eyes with BioRing implants, whereas group 2 consisted of 35 eyes with Keraring implants. We classified each group into moderate and advanced keratoconus categories. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative assessments encompassed uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive errors, and corneal tomography metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both BioRing and Keraring showed statistically significant increases in visual acuity, refractive errors, and topographic parameters between preoperative and postoperative examinations. However, when postoperative results were compared between groups, no significant difference in UCVA was found (P = 0.097). In contrast, the Keraring group had considerably superior BCVA than the BioRing group (P = 0.042). In terms of topographic metrics, Keraring considerably improved keratometric flattening, including Kmax (P = 0.040), K1 (P = 0.012), and K2 (P = 0.024). Subgroup analysis revealed comparable improvements in moderate keratoconus, while Keraring showed superior outcomes in advanced cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BioRing and Keraring effectively improved visual acuity, refractive errors, and topographic parameters in moderate-to-advanced keratoconus. Keraring showed superior outcomes, particularly in advanced keratoconus.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 9","pages":"1307-1313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual impairment due to cataract and barriers to accessing cataract surgical services in Indian populations aged 50+ years.","authors":"Vivek Gupta, Praveen Vashist, S Sarath, Noopur Gupta, Suraj Singh Senjam, Pallavi Shukla, B R Shamanna, V Rajshekhar, Meenakshi Wadhwani, Amit Bhardwaj, J S Titiyal","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2323_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2323_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to estimate prevalence of vision impairment (VI) due to cataract and its associated factors and barriers for accessing cataract surgical services in India in persons aged ≥50 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis of data collected in National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey, India (2015-2018), was performed (n = 85135). Prevalence of cataract-associated VI was defined as cataract in at least one eye, pinhole visual acuity (PinVA) worse than threshold (6/12, 3/60) in the cataract-affected eye, and not having a more avoidable cause of VI (presenting visual acuity PVA < 6/12 in better eye) in the person.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of cataract-associated VI at PinVA < 6/12 was 12.9% (95% CI: 11.8, 14.0) and 3.0% (95% CI: 2.6, 3.5) at PinVA < 3/60. The highest prevalences at PinVA < 6/12 were noted in Janjgir-Champa (19.0%), Nalbari (17.9%), and Warangal (17.9%). Females had higher prevalence at PinVA < 6/12 (univariate odds ratio [OR] 1.2) and PinVA <3/60 (univariate OR 1.5). Statistically significant gender differences (females worse off) were noted in Sikar, Ambedkar Nagar, Guna, Banda, and Thrissur at PinVA < 6/12. Prevalence increased with increasing age and decreasing literacy and varied across administrative zones on multivariate analysis. Need not felt was the major reason for not availing cataract surgical services in persons with visual impairment at PinVA < 6/12 (48.1%) and PinVA < 3/60 (27.8%) thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of cataract-associated VI at PinVA < 6/12 in India is significant. Interventions to overcome social determinants and enhance awareness about surgery are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 9","pages":"1355-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behind the blur: Understanding interface fluid syndrome in post-LASIK patients.","authors":"Prasanna Venkataraman, Anahita Shroff, Seema Prabu, Nathiya Senthilkumar","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_399_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_399_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Refractive surgeries such as LASIK have markedly improved the correction of refractive errors and are widely performed globally. Despite their benefits, the long-term sequelae of these procedures, particularly postoperative complications like interface fluid syndrome (IFS), are not fully understood due to the relatively recent adoption and continuous evolution of these techniques. Accurate diagnosis and management of such complications are crucial to prevent irreversible vision loss.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This video is designed to enhance the understanding and clinical skills of ophthalmologists regarding IFS, highlighting its potential as a rare but sight-threatening condition following myopic LASIK surgery. It aims to raise awareness about the nuances of diagnosing and managing IFS effectively.</p><p><strong>Synopsis: </strong>The featured video narrates the case of a post-LASIK patient who presents with defective vision attributed to IFS. It elaborates on the diagnostic journey, including the challenges encountered with conventional intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement tools and the critical role of advanced imaging techniques. The video further discusses treatment adjustments, such as the discontinuation of steroids and the administration of antiglaucoma medications, which markedly improved the patient's condition.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>• Discusses the differential diagnosis between IFS and diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK). • Emphasizes the limitations of traditional IOP measurement tools post-LASIK and the need for alternative methods. • Outlines key clinical indicators of IFS, including increased central corneal thickness and peripheral corneal edema. • Recommends specific diagnostic techniques and management strategies to prevent long-term visual impairment.</p><p><strong>Video link: </strong>https://youtu.be/jOfgE6n_5T8.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 9","pages":"1396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective longitudinal study on the outcome of augmented conscious sedation in single-stage adjustable strabismus surgery.","authors":"Ishwarya M Anandhi, Muralidhar Rajamani, S Hemamalini, P Chidambaram, Sekar Michael, D Ramamurthy","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2624_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2624_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adjustable strabismus surgery offers surgeons the flexibility to refine outcomes postoperatively, with single-stage adjustable strabismus surgery (SSASS) allowing immediate adjustments facilitated by intravenous fentanyl and midazolam.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our study aims to study the efficacy of a specific drug combination for SSASS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 32 participants aged 14 years and older undergoing horizontal or inferior rectus muscle surgeries under anesthetist supervision. Premedication with ondansetron, glycopyrrolate, dexamethasone, tramadol, and ketorolac was done with sedation maintained using midazolam and fentanyl. Strabismus surgeries were conducted with monitoring of vital signs and hemodynamic parameters. Postoperative assessments were performed for one day and one month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean surgery duration was 1.1 ± 0.3 hours, with favorable mean intraoperative pain scores of 1.34 ± 0.9 and postoperative pain scores of 1.6 ± 0.9. No significant changes in hemodynamic parameters or postoperative vomiting were observed. However, substantial exotropic drift reduced success rates to 87.5% on the first postoperative day and 78.1% at one month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate effective analgesia, hemodynamic stability, and surgeon comfort during SSASS with the studied drug combination. Ketorolac likely contributed to low postoperative pain scores, enabling conservative fentanyl dosing. Despite initial success in alignment, exotropic drift challenges long-term outcomes, suggesting a need for revised target angles in future studies to improve results.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1330-1337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratopigmentation in the modern era: A review of current techniques, results, and safety.","authors":"Kepa Balparda, Mauricio Agudelo-Cardona, Francis Ferrari, Tatiana Herrera-Chalarca, Isabela Franco-Sánchez","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_3027_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_3027_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To conduct a literature review on current knowledge regarding keratopigmentation (KTP), with a particular focus on femtosecond-assisted procedures. A narrative literature review was performed. Academic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and SciELO) were searched for articles containing the keywords \"keratopigmentation\" and \"corneal tattoo.\" All relevant articles were reviewed, and appropriate ones related to the topic were included in the review. KTP has a variety of indications, including enhancing the aesthetic profile of blind eyes with decompensated corneas and alleviating symptoms related to iris atrophy. The trend of strictly cosmetic KTP has recently gained popularity among several surgeons worldwide. Despite some controversy, most articles reported excellent outcomes associated with KTP, alongside a high safety profile. Histopathological studies have demonstrated that modern micronized pigments are entirely biocompatible. Femtosecond laser-assisted KTP appears to be a safe and effective procedure. However, more long-term studies are necessary to enhance our understanding of the risks associated with strictly cosmetic applications of this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1108-1115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and etiology of low vision in children of 5-18 years of age using model of community based door to door screening in an urban slum of Delhi.","authors":"Poonam Sharma, Soveeta Rath, Shailja Tibrewal, Shalinder Sabherwal, Suma Ganesh, Zeeshan Siddique, Nasim Akhter","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1321_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1321_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the prevalence and causes of low vision in children 5-18 years of age residing in an urban slum of northern India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study between May 2021 and March 2022, where door-to-door (DTD) screening was performed in the chosen slum by trained personnel using PEEK acuity software. Children with visual acuity <6/9 in any eye were subsequently referred to the vision center, where cycloplegic refraction and complete ocular evaluation were done by an optometrist and pediatric ophthalmologist, and glasses were prescribed at the vision center. However, those needing further surgical or medical management were referred to the tertiary institute. After complete intervention, the prevalence of low vision was then calculated, and the most attributable cause of low vision was noted for each child. The complete data was divided into four sub-populations based on four gender-age combinations (male and female, younger and older). The prevalence of children with low vision for each sub-population was calculated separately, and then the results were pooled to estimate the prevalence for the entire population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a DTD screening model, 106,524 children in the age group of 5-18 years were screened. Of these, 54,541 (51.2%) were males. Amongst 7084 children who were referred from DTD screening to the vision center, 5154 children had visual impairment. After all the required interventions were completed, 110 patients were finally considered to have low vision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of low vision in this urban slum was 0.142%. Refractive amblyopia was the major cause of low vision, followed by retinal causes. Identifying low vision early provides families and caregivers with access to appropriate resources, support services, and educational tools that can aid in the child's development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1174-1180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dumbbell technique for iridodialysis repair.","authors":"Anjali Khadia, Rengaraj Venkatesh, Fredrick Moutappa, Arpit Gupta, Swati Upadhyaya","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2885_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2885_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a novel, simple and minimally invasive surgical technique for the repair of iridodialysis, which can be easily adopted by general ophthalmologists and cataract surgeons. Two eyes underwent this a new approach for iridodialysis repair using a 7-0 polypropylene (Prolene) suture. The 7-0 Prolene suture was used to pin the iris to the sclera, with a double flange resembling a dumbbell, one flange resting on the iris and the other on the sclera. With minimal instruments the technique was completed in a single surgical setting. Postoperative outcomes were favourable in both the cases, with improved visual acuity, near normal pupil contour and no hyphema. The technique was associated with minimal intraoperative time, good cosmetic outcomes and stable intraocular pressure. We conclude that this Dumb-Bell technique is a safe, simple, and efficient method for the repair of iridodialysis. It is minimally invasive with reduced risk of complications and can be readily performed by most ophthalmologists, including those with limited experience in complex iris repairs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1213-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on: Evaluation of viewing distance on vision tasks using virtual reality technology for children with intermittent exotropia.","authors":"Isha Chaturvedi, Pradeep Sharma","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1412_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1412_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1172-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of green filter leakage in the Worth 4 Dot test: Implications for clinical accuracy.","authors":"Kousar Sidiq, Ronal Vettikattu","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_42_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_42_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1235-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"3-6 spatula\": Customizing intraocular measurements.","authors":"Allapitchai Fathima, Meenakshi Ravindran","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_294_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_294_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 8","pages":"1230-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}