Indian Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Role of a mobile/USB endoscope in dacryology.","authors":"Hare Ram Ojha, Neha Verma, Arunima Gupta, Alka Tripathi","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2017_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2017_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To establish the role of a mobile/Universal Serial Bus (USB) endoscope in dacryology. A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary ophthalmic institute. A mobile/USB endoscope comprising a 14 cm long camera probe, 5.5 mm in diameter, consisting of a 1.3 MP mini camera and six light-emitting diode adjustable lights, was used for performing nasal endoscopy and therapeutic/minor procedures. This study was divided into three parts: diagnostic, minor, and therapeutic procedures. For diagnostic purposes, nasal endoscopy was performed - preoperative (n = 31) and postoperative (n = 22) dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) - to identify the six anatomical landmark structures of the nose and patency of the ostium. For a minor procedure, retrieval of the retracted silicone intubation tube (n = 3) was attempted using this endoscope. For therapeutic purposes, endoscope-assisted probing in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) patients (n = 6) and endoscope-assisted lacrimal intubation were attempted in cases of failed DCR (n = 7). Diagnostic endoscopy performed in the outpatient department (OPD) and operating room (OR) in preoperative and postoperative DCR patients was almost 80% (n = 25) and 90% (n = 20) successful, respectively. In the remaining patients, owing to deviated nasal septum (DNS) and hypertrophied turbinates, the endoscopy was partially successful or unsuccessful. The minor procedure performed in the OPD group was 100% (n = 3) successful. The therapeutic procedures performed in OR endoscope-assisted probing in CNLDO and endoscope-assisted lacrimal intubation in failed DCR were ~ 33% (n = 2) and ~ 15% (n = 1) successful, respectively. The USB endoscope is more economical, portable, and easy to handle; hence, it is a more convenient alternative to the standard nasal endoscope for diagnostic purposes in pre- and postoperative cases of DCR and is very useful for office/minor procedures; however, its use is limited for therapeutic purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"S502-S507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-microbiological profile of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis and role of polymerase chain reaction in the management: A report from Eastern India.","authors":"Pragati Paul, Sourav Padhi, Ahana Sen, Aarzoo Juneja, Ankeeta Baliarsingh, Eesh Nigam, Maitreyi Chowdhury, Surabhi Chattree, Kalpita Das, Debmalya Das, Rupak Roy","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2680_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2680_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the clinical and microbiological profile of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis and assess the utility of eubacterium and panfungal polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case series of consecutive post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis patients treated at a tertiary care center in eastern India between January 2015 and December 2023. Data on clinical features, investigations, treatment, and outcomes were obtained from medical records. Aqueous or vitreous samples were first analyzed with various stains, including Gram's stain, 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount, Giemsa stain, and Ziehl-Nielsen stain. Further samples were inoculated into cultures. All samples were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identity eubacterium, panfungal, and Propioniobacterium acnes genomes. Favorable anatomical and functional outcomes were defined as clear media and attached retina and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/200 or better, respectively. The main outcome measure was defined as anatomical and functional outcomes in culture-negative but PCR-positive and negative cases. Chi-square tests were performed for statistical analysis, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 132 patients were included. Culture was positive in 51 (38.6%) eyes. Gram-negative bacilli (27; 51.9%) were the predominant microorganisms, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11; 21.1%) being the most common isolate. Eubacterium or panfungal PCR were positive in 108 (81.8%) eyes. Among 81 culture-negative patients, 57 had positive PCR results (Group A), and 24 had negative PCR results (Group B). A favorable anatomical outcome was achieved in 51 (76.1%) patients in Group A and 10 (71.4%) in Group B ( P = 0.69). A favorable functional outcome was achieved in 50 (74.6%) patients in Group A and 9 (64.3%) patients in Group B ( P = 0.44).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCR positivity was higher than conventional culture. Eubacterium and panfungal PCR help in prompt decision-making in culture-negative endophthalmitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"870-874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological profile of eyelid tumors at a tertiary care center: An observational prospective study.","authors":"Nishi Prasad, Aditi Dubey, Priyanka Patangia, Suraj S Kubrey, Kavita Kumar","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_905_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_905_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to study the clinical and histological profiles of eyelid tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational prospective study. A total 78 cases of eyelid tumors for a period of 1 year were included in this study. History was taken and clinical examination and radiological investigations were done as indicated, and all the cases were then subjected to surgical excision/incisional biopsy as per the size and clinical diagnosis. Histopathological examination of eyelid lesions was done, and the eyelid was primarily reconstructed. The data were compiled, and the statistical software SPSS version 20 was used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 78 cases of eyelid mass were included in this study within the study period. The mean age of the patients was 38.9 years. Out of 78 cases, 52.5% were male, while 47.5% were female. The male: female ratio was 1.05:1. The right-sided lesion was 54%. Benign cases were 66.6%, malignant cases were 18%, and inflammatory cases were 15.4%. Adnexal lesions are mostly benign, while epidermal lesions in elderly are malignant. Histologically, the most common benign lesion was epidermoid cyst and the most common malignant lesion was sebaceous cell carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a vast variety of lid tumors based on tissue origin. Histological examination is essential to ascertain the origin and nature of growth of the eyelid tumors. Epidermal cysts were the most common benign lesions, and sebaceous carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"S399-S404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors response comments on: Evaluating the impact of polycythemia vera on retinal and optic nerve head microvascularity: An OCTA study.","authors":"Meryem Feyza Cicek, Turker Oba, Abdullah Ağın, Mesut Ayer, Feyza Onder","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2739_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2739_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 6","pages":"927-928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brolucizumab results and adverse visual outcomes study: A single-center real-world Indian experience.","authors":"Ramesh Venkatesh, Rupal Kathare, Chaitra Jayadev, Vishma Prabhu, Santosh Gopi Krishna Gadde, Naresh Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1897_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1897_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 6","pages":"921-923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term non-conditional and conditional metastasis of uveal melanoma by tumor size category in 8034 patients.","authors":"Rolika Bansal, Hidayet Sener, Jerry A Shields, Carol L Shields","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2453_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2453_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To estimate metastasis of patients with uveal melanoma (UM) based on tumor size categories classified by ultrasonographic thickness as small (0.0-3.0 mm), medium (3.1-8.0 mm), or large (≥8.1 mm) using both non-conditional and conditional analyses.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of 8034 cases over 35-years at a single ocular oncology referral center evaluated the primary endpoint of cumulative incidence of metastasis at 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 25- and 30-years using non-conditional and conditional analysis at 3-years, 5-years, and 10-years of metastasis-free survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean thicknesses for small, medium, and large UMs were 2.5 mm, 5.0 mm, and 10.2 mm, respectively. Based on tumor size category (small vs. medium vs. large), the 25-year non-conditional metastasis was 5% vs. 12% vs. 21%, and for those with 3-year metastasis-free survival, the 25-year incidence of metastasis was 7% vs. 13% vs. 26%. For those with 5-year metastasis-free survival, the 25-year incidence of metastasis was 6% vs. 11% vs. 21%. For those with 10-year metastasis-free survival, the 25-year incidence of metastasis was 4% vs. 8% vs. 21%. For small vs. medium UM, by conditional analysis, those who maintained 3-year/5-year/10-year metastasis-free survival, hazard ratio was 1.50 (P <0.01)/1.53 (P <0.01)/1.77 (P = 0.01), and for medium vs. large UM, hazard ratio was 1.45 (P <0.01)/1.44 (P = 0.03)/1.96 (P = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term comparative analysis of UM metastasis, based on tumor size category (thickness) as small, medium, or large, revealed that large UM is more likely with higher tendency to develop metastasis over time. The patients achieving 3-, 5-, and 10-year metastasis-free survival demonstrated significantly reduced subsequent risk of metastasis across all tumor size categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 6","pages":"893-899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On artificial intelligence in healthcare.","authors":"Pradeep Venkatesh","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1268_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1268_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 6","pages":"777-778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferred practice patterns of endophthalmitis management and prevention: A survey among the members of Vitreoretinal Society of India - Study by the VRSI study group.","authors":"Deepanshu Agrawal, Anil B Gangwe, Koushik Tripathy, Pradeep Sagar, P Mahesh Shanmugam, Manisha Agrawal, Deepshikha Agrawal, Raj Vardhan Azad","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2757_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2757_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the preferred practice patterns of endophthalmitis management and prophylaxis among the members of Vitreo Retina Society of India (VRSI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online questionnaire was circulated among the VRSI members, enquiring details on clinical presentation of endophthalmitis, initial management protocols of acute and chronic endophthalmitis, usage of antibiotics, steroids, and silicone oil (SO) in endophthalmitis, and prophylaxis followed for prevention of endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 313 (20.2%) responses were obtained. The mean age of the respondents was 43.2 ± 0.5 years, and there was a male predominance (n = 231, 73.8%). Post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis (PCSE) was the most common (n = 273, 87.2%) reported variant, followed by post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) (n=37,11.8%). Over 50% (n = 181, 57.8%) of respondents followed Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study (EVS) guidelines for acute PCSE and about 60% (n = 194, 61.9%) would not extrapolate EVS guidelines to other forms of endophthalmitis. A total of 159 (50.8%) respondents preferred using a vitreous/anterior chamber tap with needle, and vitreous biopsy with vitrector was preferred by 117 (37.3%) respondents. Vancomycin-ceftazidime remains the preferred combination of empirical intravitreal antibiotics (IVAs), and 169 (54%) preferred injecting intravitreal steroids along with IVA. About one-fourth (n = 90, 28.8%) of the respondents preferred pars plana vitrectomy as the initial management for PCSE. SO was used mostly in cases with PTE (n = 176, 56.2%). Prophylactic measures to prevent endophthalmitis varied among the respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Majority of the Indian vitreoretinal surgeons felt the need for amendment in the EVS guidelines, but would prefer to follow the EVS guidelines for managing endophthalmitis at present.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 6","pages":"881-885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary angle closure induced by hydrochlorothiazide in a patient on oral steroids and immunosuppressants: A case report.","authors":"Subramanian Premkumar, Raja Vidya, Subbaiah R Krishnadas","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_3035_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_3035_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 Suppl 3","pages":"S526-S528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy-iridectomy in malignant glaucoma in a tertiary eye care center in South India.","authors":"Mrunali M Dhavalikar, M Manju, Ganesh V Raman, Premanand Chandran, Prema Subramaniam","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1556_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1556_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of malignant glaucoma and the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy and iridectomy in Indian eyes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a retrospective chart review. Medical records of patients diagnosed with malignant glaucoma between December 2018 and August 2022 were reviewed. Patients with the diagnosis of malignant glaucoma and those who underwent pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy-iridectomy were included in the study. Patients with less than 3 months of follow-up were excluded from the study. Data collected included demographic data, primary ocular procedure, best-corrected visual acuity in logMAR, and lens status. The data also included intraocular pressure and number of antiglaucoma medications used at the time of presentation and during follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 36 eyes of 30 patients. There was a statistically significant reduction of intraocular pressure at each visit (P value = 0.001) and in the number of antiglaucoma medications (P value < 0.001). A total of 29 eyes had a follow-up of 6 months, 19 eyes (65.5%) had a complete success, and 10 eyes (34.4%) had qualified success at the end of 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy-iridectomy surgery has favorable outcomes in eyes with malignant glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"73 Suppl 3","pages":"S444-S448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}