Indian Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

Evaluation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and CD8+ T-cell immune response in primary pterygium. 原发性翼状胬肉中程序性死亡配体1 （PD-L1）表达和CD8+ t细胞免疫应答的评价

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_240_26

Gulay Turan, Meydan Turan, Özgür Külahçı, Arzu Y Ozluk

{"title":"Evaluation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and CD8+ T-cell immune response in primary pterygium.","authors":"Gulay Turan, Meydan Turan, Özgür Külahçı, Arzu Y Ozluk","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_240_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_240_26","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the immunoreactivity of programmed death ligand (PD-L1) and CD8 in pterygium tissues and normal conjunctival tissues.Methods: Forty-two patients diagnosed with primary pterygium were included in the study. Control samples were obtained from the superior bulbar conjunctiva of the same patients during autograft pterygium surgery. Both normal conjunctival tissue and pterygium samples were immunohistochemically stained for PD-L1 and CD8. Immunoreactivity levels between the two groups were compared using a paired t -test.Results: PD-L1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in pterygium tissue than in normal conjunctiva ( P < 0.001). CD8 immunoreactivity was also significantly elevated in pterygium samples compared to controls ( P < 0.001).Conclusion: The increased expression of PD-L1, a known immune checkpoint regulator, in pterygium tissue highlights the role of immunological mechanisms in pterygium pathogenesis. Immunotherapy, which is widely used in tumor treatment, may hold promise as a therapeutic option for pterygium.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of ultrasound biomicroscopy in corneal, conjunctival lesions and related anterior segment comorbidities. 超声生物显微镜在角膜、结膜病变及相关前节合并症中的作用。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_757_26

Rama Rajagopal, Madhangi S Balasubramaniyan, Varalakshmi Rajasekar

引用次数: 0

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease misdiagnosed as angle closure: Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and visual outcomes. 误诊为闭角的Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada病：人口学特征、临床表现和视觉结果。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2442_25

Navya Cherukuri, Somasheila I Murthy, Mudit Tyagi, Sirisha Senthil, Ramyashri Shastry

{"title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease misdiagnosed as angle closure: Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and visual outcomes.","authors":"Navya Cherukuri, Somasheila I Murthy, Mudit Tyagi, Sirisha Senthil, Ramyashri Shastry","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2442_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_2442_25","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic delay, management, and visual outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease presenting initially as angle closure.Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with VKH who initially presented with angle closure between January 2013 and December 2020. Clinical features, intraocular pressure (IOP), imaging, treatment modalities, and final visual outcomes were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing final BCVA (best corrected visual acuity).Results: Among 768 VKH patients, 18 patients (36 eyes; 3.94%) presented with angle closure with a mean age of 44.4 years and a female preponderance (89%). Eighteen eyes had primary angle closure (PAC), and 18 eyes had secondary angle closure glaucoma (SACG) at presentation. The mean IOP at final follow-up decreased from 26.3 to 14 mmHg. Fundus evaluation was deferred in many due to media opacities, leading to delayed VKH diagnosis (median delay: 1 month to 7 years). Ancillary imaging revealed choroidal thickening and ciliochoroidal effusion in four eyes. Poorer presenting BCVA and delayed diagnosis (>1 month) were associated with worse final BCVA ( P = 0.011 and P = 0.0066, respectively) in univariate analysis, while presenting BCVA remained a statistically significant independent predictor of final visual outcome (p 0.039) in multivariate analysis.Conclusion: VKH can uncommonly present as angle closure, often mimicking PAC or SACG. Early clinical suspicion, use of posterior segment imaging (optical coherence tomography, B-scan, ultrasound biomicroscopy), and prompt immunosuppressive therapy are essential for optimal management.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technique of intrastromal pocket creation in the Visumax Femtosecond Laser System - The Ganesh pocket. 在Visumax飞秒激光系统中创造星间袋的技术-象头神袋。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1725_25

Sri Ganesh, Sushmitha Samak SriGanesh, Faiza Syed Jafar

引用次数: 0

Epithelial uniformity pattern post topo-guided LASIK - Role of cyclosporine versus standard of care. 拓扑引导LASIK后上皮均匀性模式-环孢素与标准护理的作用。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_852_26

Tanvi Suhas Haldipurkar, Smitha S Kumar, Seema Bhosale, Suhas Haldipurkar, Devendra Venkatramani, Sarita Deshpande, Sabyasachi Sengupta

{"title":"Epithelial uniformity pattern post topo-guided LASIK - Role of cyclosporine versus standard of care.","authors":"Tanvi Suhas Haldipurkar, Smitha S Kumar, Seema Bhosale, Suhas Haldipurkar, Devendra Venkatramani, Sarita Deshpande, Sabyasachi Sengupta","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_852_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_852_26","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate epithelial remodeling after topo-guided LASIK using a novel Epithelial Uniformity Index (EUI) and to assess whether topical cyclosporine improves postoperative epithelial uniformity compared to standard care.Methods: In this retrospective comparative study, we analyzed 122 eyes of 62 patients undergoing topo-guided LASIK, divided into cyclosporine ( n = 60) and non-cyclosporine ( n = 62) groups. Epithelial thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography across four corneal zones (central, inner, middle, outer) preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months. The EUI was calculated as 1 minus standard deviation/mean across 25-point thickness maps; higher EUI indicates greater uniformity. Visual acuity, corneal aberrations, and patient-reported outcomes were assessed.Results: Both groups showed significant epithelial thickening in the central and inner zones, increasing from ~54 μm at baseline to ~59 μm at 6 months ( P < 0.001). The middle zone also thickened by 6 months ( P < 0.05), while the outer zone thinned at 1 month before recovering. No significant intergroup differences were observed ( P > 0.18). EUI declined significantly at 1 month (inner: 0.98 to 0.96; overall: 0.96 to 0.92; P < 0.05) and showed only partial recovery by 6 months, remaining lower than baseline ( P < 0.05), with no significant differences between groups ( P > 0.1). Higher baseline refractive error correlated with greater EUI reduction (r = 0.58, P < 0.001). Lower EUI weakly correlated with worse uncorrected visual acuity and increased coma (both P < 0.05).Conclusions: Topo-guided LASIK induces central/paracentral epithelial thickening with reduced uniformity. The EUI is a useful tool to quantify remodeling. Cyclosporine did not significantly enhance epithelial uniformity.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy versus trabeculectomy with phacoemulsification in primary open angle glaucoma - One-year outcomes. 镜检辅助下腔内小梁切开术与超声乳化小梁切除术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的1年疗效对比

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2902_25

Devendra Maheshwari, Shreedhar Shivakumar, Madhavi R Pillai, Nimrita Gyanchand Nagdev, Mohammed S Uduman, Davinder S Grover, Rengappa Ramakrishnan

{"title":"Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy versus trabeculectomy with phacoemulsification in primary open angle glaucoma - One-year outcomes.","authors":"Devendra Maheshwari, Shreedhar Shivakumar, Madhavi R Pillai, Nimrita Gyanchand Nagdev, Mohammed S Uduman, Davinder S Grover, Rengappa Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2902_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_2902_25","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) with phacoemulsification in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods: In this prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study, patients with POAG underwent either phaco-GATT (Group A, n = 75) or phacotrabeculectomy (Group B, n = 77) and were followed up for one year. Changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), antiglaucoma medications (AGMs), complications, and success rates over one year were compared. Success rate was described under two criteria: 1: IOP between 6 and 21 mmHg and a decrease of >20% from the baseline; 2: IOP between 6 and 18 mmHg and a decrease of >25% from the baseline.Results: Mean IOP decreased by 25.1%, from 17.93 ± 4.29 mmHg to 13.00 ± 3.18 mmHg (P < 0.001) in Group A (n = 70) and by 28% from 17.81 ± 4.52 mmHg to 12.16 ± 3.28 mmHg (P < 0.001) in Group B (n = 74) at one year. AGM reduced from 1.03 ± 0.43 to 0.09 ± 0.29 in Group A (P < 0.001) and from 1.04 ± 0.41 to 0.16 ± 0.37 in Group B (P < 0.001), with no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.24). 91.4% of patients in Group A and 85.1% in Group B were free of medications. The cumulative one-year success was 68% and 63.6% by Criteria 1 (P = 0.52) and 60% and 50.7% by Criteria 2 (P = 0.23) in Groups A and B, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups. Sixteen patients in Group A had microhyphema, seven had macrohyphema, and two patients underwent anterior chamber (AC) wash. Four patients in Group B had hypotony, one required conjunctival resuturing, and one required AC reformation.Conclusion: Phaco-GATT demonstrated comparable intraocular pressure reduction, medication independence, and surgical success rates to phacotrabeculectomy at one year, with minimal complications.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in Central India: Epidemiological trends and outcomes over 10 years. 印度中部的微孢子性角膜结膜炎：10年来的流行病学趋势和结果。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1033_26

Samrat Chatterjee, Deepshikha Agrawal, Harsha Goklani

{"title":"Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in Central India: Epidemiological trends and outcomes over 10 years.","authors":"Samrat Chatterjee, Deepshikha Agrawal, Harsha Goklani","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_1033_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_1033_26","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and treatment outcomes of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis (MKC) over a 10-year period at a tertiary eye care center in central India.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients diagnosed with MKC between 2015 and 2024. Data from 2005 to 2014 were additionally used to determine hospital-based incidence and prevalence trends. Diagnosis was based on the detection of microsporidial spores in corneal scrapings or characteristic slit-lamp findings. Trends were compared between the two periods (2015-2019 and 2020-2024).Results: Of 284,211 outpatients seen between 2005 and 2024, 520 (0.2%) were diagnosed with MKC; 393 patients (402 eyes) from 2015 to 2024 were included in the study. The median age was 33 years, with male predominance (64.4%). Most patients were from urban areas (67.9%) and engaged in indoor or sedentary work (81.7%). A significant increase in rural representation and outdoor/manual occupations was observed from 2020 to 2024 ( P = 0.019 and P = 0.018, respectively). Seasonal clustering persisted throughout the rainy season. Minor ocular trauma was reported in 40.7% of cases. The incidence of concurrent diabetes mellitus increased over time. Primary epithelial debridement was performed in 88.1% of patients and was associated with faster epithelial resolution ( P < 0.001). No treatment failures were observed.Conclusions: MKC is a seasonally patterned infection with evolving epidemiological characteristics. Increased awareness has led to more diagnoses. Increasing rural representation and associated diabetes require further studies. Although typically self-limiting, epithelial debridement may shorten the resolution time and needs to be explored further as a treatment option.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyperprolactinemia and corneal ectasia risk: A tomographic and densitometric analysis in prolactinoma patients. 高催乳素血症和角膜扩张风险：催乳素瘤患者的断层扫描和密度分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_228_26

Büşra D Yıldırım Erdal, Burcu Kazancı, Burçak Cavnar Helvacı, Sema Hepşen, Erman Çakal

{"title":"Hyperprolactinemia and corneal ectasia risk: A tomographic and densitometric analysis in prolactinoma patients.","authors":"Büşra D Yıldırım Erdal, Burcu Kazancı, Burçak Cavnar Helvacı, Sema Hepşen, Erman Çakal","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_228_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_228_26","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the corneal tomographic features of patients with prolactinoma with those of healthy controls and to assess the risk of ectasia in the corneas of patients with prolactinoma.Methods: Forty-two patients with prolactinoma and 48 controls were included in this study. Keratometry values, thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), maximal anterior and posterior elevation values, front and back difference elevation, average and maximum pachymetric progression index (PPIavg and PPImax), maximum Ambrósio relational thickness (ARTmax), Final D, and corneal densitometry parameters were recorded using corneal tomography with the Pentacam AXL wave.Results: Patients with prolactinoma exhibited significantly higher steep K (K2), maximal anterior and posterior elevations, and significantly thinner TCT values than the control group ( P = 0.039, P = 0.006, P < 0.001, and P = 0.003). The differences in front and back elevations, PPIavg, PPImax, and Final D were all significantly higher, whereas the ARTmax was significantly lower (all P < 0.05). Central density values were also notably higher in the 0-2 mm central area, 2-6 mm annular area, and entire diameter area ( P = 0.009, P = 0.008, and P = 0.045, respectively). When examining factors that affected the final D in patients with prolactinoma, age, prolactin levels at diagnosis, prolactin levels on the day of examination, duration of hyperprolactinemia, and FSH levels all showed significant effects in the univariate analysis (β = 0.048, P = 0.004; β = 0.005, P = 0.005; β = 0.006, P = 0.004; β = 0.028, P < 0.001; and β = 0.071, P = 0.009, respectively). In multivariate analysis, the duration of hyperprolactinemia also had a significant impact (β = 0.020, P = 0.022).Conclusions: The risk of ectasia may increase with prolonged elevation of prolactin levels in patients with prolactinoma.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outcomes of phaco-endocyclophotocoagulation in acute on chronic primary angle closure glaucoma. 急性慢性原发性闭角型青光眼的超声-内环光凝治疗效果。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2530_25

Vanita Pathak Ray

{"title":"Outcomes of phaco-endocyclophotocoagulation in acute on chronic primary angle closure glaucoma.","authors":"Vanita Pathak Ray","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2530_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_2530_25","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report the outcomes of endocyclophotocoagulation (ECP) combined with phacoemulsification in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes presenting with acute symptoms (A-o-C-PACG) and to compare the biometric characteristics of these eyes with PACG controls.Methods: Retrospective data collection of consecutive PACG subjects presenting with symptoms of acute angle closure between May 2021 and September 2023. Such subjects were compared to severity-of-glaucoma-matched PACG controls. Only those eyes that underwent phaco-ECP were included. The main outcome measure was intraocular pressure (IOP) and a comparison of biometric parameters between cases and controls. The secondary outcome measures were the number of anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and complications.Results: Fifteen study eyes and 26 PACG controls were included; the mean age was 54.2 ± 7.4 years. The mean IOP (34.6 ± 13.4 mmHg, 95%CI [27.2,42.0]), AGM (4.3 ± 1.2,95%CI [3.6,5.0]), synechial angle closure (3.3 ± 1.0 quadrants, 95%CI [2.7,3.8]), and lens thickness (5.1 ± 0.3, 95%CI [4.9,5.3]) were significantly more, and the anterior chamber depth (2.3 ± 0.3 mm, 95%CI [2.1,2.5]) and relative lens position (0.20 ± 0.01, 95%CI [0.19,0.20]) were significantly less when compared to PACG controls. IOP at the last follow-up postprocedure (mean 18 months) was 12.7 ± 2.3 mmHg, 95%CI [11.4,13.9] on 0.7 ± 0.8, 95%CI [0.2, 1.1], number of AGM ( P < .001). BCVA improved significantly from 0.9 ± 0.7, 95%CI [0.5,1.3], to 0.2 ± 0.3, 95%CI [0.03,0.4]; none had serious sight-threatening complications.Conclusion: Phaco-endocyclophotocoagulation is not only effective but also very safe in controlling IOP and reducing topical medications in PACG eyes that present with acute symptoms. Biometric parameters are significantly different in such eyes when compared to PACG controls.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A head-to-head comparison of adverse events: Peribulbar versus sub-Tenon's anesthesia in small incision cataract surgery. 小切口白内障手术中不良事件的头对头比较：球周麻醉与腱亚麻醉。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2567_25

Sonali Shevgan, Yogendra Vabale

{"title":"A head-to-head comparison of adverse events: Peribulbar versus sub-Tenon's anesthesia in small incision cataract surgery.","authors":"Sonali Shevgan, Yogendra Vabale","doi":"10.4103/IJO.IJO_2567_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_2567_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cataract extraction is among the most commonly performed surgical procedures and is widely recognized for its high safety profile. With advances in surgical methods, small incision cataract surgery (SICS) now allows the use of shorter-acting and minimally invasive anesthetic techniques. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of peribulbar and sub-Tenon's anesthesia with respect to analgesic effectiveness, ocular akinesia, and anesthesia-related complications such as subconjunctival hemorrhage, chemosis, retrobulbar hemorrhage, globe perforation, and brainstem anesthetic spread.Purpose: To assess and compare peribulbar and sub-Tenon's anesthetic techniques in SICS concerning pain control, ocular movement restriction, and complication rates including subconjunctival hemorrhage, chemosis, retrobulbar hemorrhage, globe perforation, and brainstem injection.Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology on 122 eyes undergoing SICS. Participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 61 each, receiving either peribulbar or sub-Tenon's anesthesia. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and graphical representations were prepared with Microsoft Excel 2021. Statistical tests were applied, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The findings showed that administration-related pain was greater in the peribulbar group, which also achieved more complete akinesia. However, sub-Tenon's anesthesia demonstrated a faster onset, fewer adverse events, and overall better safety.Conclusion: Sub-Tenon's anesthesia represents a reliable and safer alternative to peribulbar anesthesia for SICS, offering sufficient analgesia with fewer and milder complications.","PeriodicalId":13329,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0