{"title":"Probiotic Supplementation for Periodontal Diseases - An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Hunny Sharma, Manisha Ruikar, Swati Verma","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_905_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_905_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Periodontal disease is a common condition caused by bacterial plaque that damages the supporting structures of teeth. Therefore, to manage periodontal disease, probiotic supplementation has emerged as a potential adjunct therapy. This umbrella review aims to summarize the primary findings, conclusions, and recommendations of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published on the effect of probiotics in treating periodontal disease. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken in four databases, i.e., MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar using MeSH terms like 'Probiotic*,' 'Prebiotic*,' 'Bifidobacterium,' 'Lactobacillus,' and 'Periodontitis,' along with keywords like 'synbiotic*,' 'Systematic review*,' or Meta-analysis. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to assess the quality of the included reviews once data were retrieved. A total of 22 systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in the last decade were reviewed, and probiotics were found to have potential benefits in reducing Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and gaining Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) in individuals with periodontal disease. However, there is mixed evidence on the effectiveness of probiotics in reducing gingival inflammation (GI) and dental plaque, and further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of action and potential health benefits of probiotics. The findings of this review suggest that probiotics as an adjunct treatment approach may have potential benefits for managing periodontal disease specially in terms of BOP, PPD, and CAL. However, they should not replace conventional treatments like scaling, root planing, and regular dental hygiene, which are essential for effective care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction of Impacted Maxillary Permanent Anteriors - A Case Report.","authors":"Varsha Sharma, Priti Shukla, Sushmita Pattnaik, Brahmananda Dutta","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_1006_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_1006_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The maxillary anteriors play the most prominent role in an individual's aesthetics, speech, and majorly psychology. The impaction of maxillary anterior teeth can be a challenging orthodontic problem that can be managed by interceptive orthodontics in early mixed dentition. In this particular case report, interceptive orthodontics alone may not bring desirable results because two problems need to be dealt simultaneously, namely, intraosseous crowding and midline shift due to impaction on the affected quadrant. In the article, a novel approach is being discussed, where aesthetics of the child was compromised due to impacted rotated maxillary anteriors that were exposed using soft tissue laser and allowed to erupt by selective removal of primary and permanent first premolar teeth on the affected side alone, leading to spontaneous alignment of arch discrepancy and relative correction of midline shift. A unilateral serial extraction sequence (D-4-C) would be effective treatment of choice. This approach adds psychological benefit to the child by using soft tissue lasers and unilateral serial extraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship of Caries between Primary Molars and the Permanent First Molar.","authors":"Youmna Almasri, Diala Arhil, Abdulmalek Harfoush, Imad Barngkgei","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_364_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_364_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that affects large segment of population worldwide.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the detailed relationship between carious status of primary molars and permanent first molars among 8.5-10 years old children.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Two-hundred and seven children were included in this cross-sectional study. The permanent incisors were fully erupted, the primary canines had no caries experience, and premolars were not erupted. The dentition status of the primary molars and permanent first molars was examined according to the World Health Organization criteria.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Pearson correlation, independent sample t-test, and linear and logistic regression analysis were used. The significance level was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (standard deviation) of decay, missing and filled teeth/surface for primary molars and permanent first molar (dmfs&dmft/DMFS&DMFT) were 4.12 (2.53), 8.40 (7.43), 0.77 (1.16) and 1.01 (1.81), respectively. Weak and medium correlations were found between d-component and D-component (r < 0.5), though statistically significant (P value < 0.001). Moreover, there was a relationship between the number of primary molars caries and the presence of caries on the permanent first molar located in the same side and jaw of these primary molars and those located in the opposite side and jaw of the primary molars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly one-fifth of the caries on the permanent molars might be attributed to caries on the primary molars among 8.5-10 years-old children. The odds ratio of developing caries on the permanent first molars was 1.5 for children with primary molars caries in comparison to children with no primary caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A K Safoora, Madhu Santhakumar, Kannan Vadakkepurayil
{"title":"Rehabilitation of Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Deciduous Dentition Using Modified Hollywood Bridge - A Case Report.","authors":"A K Safoora, Madhu Santhakumar, Kannan Vadakkepurayil","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_433_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_433_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Oligodontia is a severe type of tooth agenesis involving six or more congenitally missing teeth, excluding the third molars. It is a rare condition and has a low prevalence in deciduous dentition. It can occur either as a part of syndromes or as a separate entity. This is a rare case report of a 3-year-old child with congenitally missing bilateral anterior and posterior deciduous teeth and its aesthetic and functional rehabilitation using a fixed appliance known as modified Hollywood bridge. In this appliance, molars are banded and acrylic teeth were secured to the stainless steel palatal wire with the help of heat cure acrylic resin. Modified Hollywood bridge provides a reasonable treatment option for the replacement of the missing deciduous teeth in children. It is more suitable for younger paediatric patients and also for physically or mentally handicapped patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration on the Outcome of Full Pulpotomy in Mature Permanent Teeth with Irreversible Pulpitis - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Aakriti Saini, Amandeep Kaur, Sidhartha Sharma, Vijay Kumar, Amrita Chawla, Ajay Logani","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_979_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_979_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>To determine the outcome of full pulpotomy in management of mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis when 2.5% versus other concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were used to achieve haemostasis. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov for English language articles until July 2021. Randomised clinical trials and cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies where full pulpotomy was performed to manage mature permanent molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis and no periapical radiolucency were included. Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used for quality assessment. The success rate for full pulpotomy was documented. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO database (CRD42020177214). Out of 861 studies, four were considered for data analysis. Three studies were single-arm prospective trials on pulpotomy, while one was a randomised control trial comparing pulpotomy and root canal treatment. A combined success rate of 93% from 117 teeth was reported from three studies using 2.5% NaOCl as a haemostatic agent. One study used 5% NaOCl and reported a success rate of 100% (n = 6 teeth). The certainty of evidence substantiated by the GRADE approach was of low quality. Overall quality assessment revealed a considerable risk of bias in three studies. Irrespective of the NaOCl concentration, the success rate of pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis was high. No study compared the different concentrations of NaOCl as a haemostatic agent. Further, randomised controlled trials are required to investigate the effect of NaOCl concentration for haemostasis on the outcome of pulpotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Acidic and Alkaline Environments on the Surface Morphology of Biodentine and White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate - An In-vitro Study.","authors":"Sushmita Barik, Snehal Patil, Krutika Chudasma, Heeresh Shetty, Vathsalya Shetty, Sanpreet S Sachdev","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_928_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_928_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The physical and chemical properties of calcium silicate cement might be affected due to exposure to acidic or alkaline conditions during clinical use. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acidic and alkaline environments on the surface morphology of biodentine (BD) and white mineral trioxide aggregate (wMTA).</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>Disc-shaped specimens of BD (n = 30) and wMTA (n = 30) were prepared in a metal mould and wrapped in pieces of gauze. They were divided into three sub-groups according to the storage media: group A, soaked in sterile distilled water at a pH of 7.0; group B, exposed to butyric acid buffered at pH 4.0; and group C, exposed to calcium hydroxide solution buffered at pH 12.0. The specimens were incubated for 7 days at 37°C, followed by examination under scanning electron microscopy at 1000x and 5000x magnification to characterise the microstructural morphology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Definite changes were seen in the microstructure of BD and wMTA on exposure to acidic and alkaline pH. The microstructure of wMTA tends to exhibit reduced cohesion when exposed to an acidic environment, especially when compared to an alkaline pH. Acidic pH exerts a milder influence on the morphological structure of BD when contrasted with its effects on wMTA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biodentine may emerge as a more prudent choice than wMTA for utilisation in inflamed periapical regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Adaptation of Conventional and Printable Complete Denture Bases to the Underlying Casts - An In Vitro Stereomicroscopic Study.","authors":"Divyansh Sinha, Keerthi Sasanka Lakkoji, Nadhirah Faiz","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_67_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_67_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Properly adapted complete denture bases will have adequate retention to the underlying oral mucosa. With technological advancement, there are various techniques of fabrication of complete dentures. There are studies regarding the marginal adaptation of conventional and CAD-CAM denture bases, but there is not enough research comparing the marginal adaptation and polymerisation shrinkage of conventional and 3D printed complete denture bases.</p><p><strong>Study setting and design: </strong>In vitro study using stereomicroscopy to determine the marginal discrepancy between the denture base and the cast.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twelve gypsum casts were taken and divided into conventional and 3D-printed groups. Conventional denture bases were fabricated by adapting wax of 2 mm thickness which was subsequently processed whereas 3D printed bases were designed and the standard tessellation language (STL) files were used to print the denture bases. Three points were marked at the mid-palatal line and on both maxillary tuberosities. Digital images were then captured at the marked regions and were used to measure the maximum gap between the cast and denture base at the marked regions. Data were analysed using an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conventional dentures had a significantly lesser marginal discrepancy than 3D printed dentures (P = 0.000). The left maxillary tuberosity showed the highest marginal discrepancy, significantly different from mid-palatal and right tuberosity sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conventional dentures perform better than their counterparts in terms of adaptation. This accurate adaptation is vital for the retention of the complete denture.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy of Sodium Fluoride and Fluoridated Calcium Phosphate in Mitigating Dental Erosion on Human Enamel: An In Vitro Analysis.","authors":"Mohammed Raihan Assadi, Darshana Devadiga, Aditya Ingle, Nainy Jain, Dheeraj Devadiga","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_80_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_80_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With increasing prevalence of dental erosion, this study explores the protective role of traditional fluoride-based products and newer formulations on eroded enamel.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the protective effectiveness of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) on human enamel against erosion using surface microhardness (SMH) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ten extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain 40 enamel sections and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10) and treated as follows: G1 (Sound Enamel), G2 (Erosive Challenge), G3 (CPP-ACPF + Erosive Challenge), and G4 (NaF + Erosive Challenge). All samples were subjected to Vicker's SMH analysis, while changes in surface morphology and elemental composition were validated in few representative samples using FTIR and SEM, respectively.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Paired samples test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Tukey HSD test were performed using SPSS software version 23 setting P value < 0.05 as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean SMH1 values for the experimental groups G3 and G4 were significantly higher (426.58VHN and 455.83VHN) when compared to G1 (P = 0.000) and G2 (P = 0.000). In SEM analysis, G2 showed eroded honeycomb appearance compared to the smooth homogenous surface of G1, while both G3 and G4 showed deposition of some precipitates. FTIR analysis revealed that in G3 and G4, a characteristic peak of phosphate vibrations between 528 and 823 cm-1 and carbonate bands at 845-932 cm-1 was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both CPP-ACPF and NaF demonstrated a protective effect on enamel against erosive challenge by an orange juice-based beverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Modification of Fenestration Technique (MOFT) to Increase Vestibular Depth: A Case Series.","authors":"Anukrati Katariya, Bhavna J Kukreja","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_721_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_721_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The most prevalent mucogingival issues include insufficient gingival width, decreased vestibular depth, abnormal frenal attachment, gingival recession, pockets that reach the mucogingival junction, excess gingival, inconsistent gingival margin, excessive gingival display and abnormal gingival colour. Numerous periodontal plastic operations have been used to treat these issues. However, each approach has its own drawbacks and is technique-dependent. Adequate depth of vestibule is necessary to maintain good oral health as shallow vestibule leads to accumulation of food and thus impedes oral hygiene maintenance. This case series describes a vestibular deepening procedure performed using modification of periosteal fenestration technique. This technique includes a series of eight cases of shallow vestibule where vestibular deepening was conducted by giving a full-thickness incision to expose the periosteum and create a window of fenestration followed by suturing the labial mucosa to the periosteum at the apical level. The results reported an excellent post-operative outcome showing increased depth of the vestibule.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Divya Gupta, A. K. Shaw, Sheetal D. Mali, Abhijit B. Jadhav
{"title":"Comparison between Calcium Hydroxide with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Regenerative Endodontics in Inducing Root Apex Closure during Apexification – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Divya Gupta, A. K. Shaw, Sheetal D. Mali, Abhijit B. Jadhav","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_885_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_885_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aimed to assess better effectiveness between regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) and apexification procedures (AP) with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide for inducing root end apex closure. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed and registered in PROSPERO-CRD42023398997. Electronic databases were searched for studies evaluating effectiveness of REP and AP in terms of survival rate, success rate, increase in root length, root width and decrease in apical diameter. Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) -2 tool was used for quality assesssment using RevMan 5.3. The risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as summary statistic measure with random effect model (P < 0.05). Nine studies were included in qualitative synthesis and eight studies for meta-analysis. Quality assessment revealed moderate to low risk of bias. The pooled estimate through RR and SMD favoured REP being superior to AP for better survival rate (RR = 1.01 (0.96 – 1.06)), success rate (RR = 1.09 (0.96 – 1.24)), increase in root length (SMD = 0.25 (-0.14 – 0.63)), root width (0.66 (0.22 – 1.10)) and decrease in apical diameter (SMD =0.66 (-0.51 – 1.83)). Funnel plot did not show any heterogeneity indicating absence of publication bias. REP significantly improved apical root end closure. AP are equally effective in forming calcific barrier, however it was concluded that regeneration procedures are comparably superior to apexification procedures with greater outcomes. Clinicians should consider employing the REP in cases when root development is severely deficient and where tooth's prognosis is hopeless even with an apexification procedure.","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"119 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}