Immunity, Inflammation and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in Molecular Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapeutic Strategies for Invasive Pituitary Adenomas","authors":"Dingkai Xu,&nbsp;Ling Wang,&nbsp;Maohua Zheng","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overwhelming majority of pituitary tumors consist of pituitary adenomas (PAs), which have recently also been termed pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Clinically significant PAs occur in approximately one in every 1000 individuals, while other types of pituitary tumors, such as craniopharyngiomas and pituicytomas, are significantly less common. Although PAs are generally benign, a subset of them exhibits malignant-like biological traits. They tend to infiltrate and grow aggressively into adjacent tissues and organs, including the dura mater, cavernous sinus, and sphenoid sinus. This invasive behavior often results in the destruction of the normal anatomical architecture of the sella turcica and skull base. Clinically, such tumors are classified as invasive PAs (IPAs), emphasizing their aggressive and destructive nature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective and Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Currently, the diagnostic indicators for IPAs frequently suffer from suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. The invasiveness assessment of PAs lacks a definitive gold standard and instead serves as a predictive tool, with a greater number of indicators met suggesting a higher likelihood of invasiveness. Consequently, a comprehensive approach that integrates imaging, pathological, molecular biological, and other disciplinary metrics is crucial for accurate evaluation. Despite surgery being the primary treatment modality for IPAs, their malignant-like behavior complicates complete resection, resulting in lower resection rates and heightened postoperative recurrence, necessitating multiple surgeries. Therefore, adjunctive drug therapy is often necessary for IPA patients. Preoperative drug therapy can shrink tumor size, facilitating resection and postoperative recovery, mitigating hormone imbalances, delaying recurrence, and enhancing patients' quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article comprehensively reviews the diagnostic criteria for assessing the invasiveness of PAs in the domains of imaging, pathology, and molecular biology, provides an overview of the current research status of drug therapy for these conditions, and deepens our insight into the biological and therapeutic aspects of the tumor microenvironment in PAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation Analysis Between m6A Methylation Modification and Ferroptosis Induced by Cigarette Smoke in Human Bronchial Epithelium","authors":"Xiaomei Duan,&nbsp;Tingting Hu,&nbsp;Lijuan Xu,&nbsp;Zheng Li,&nbsp;Jing Jing,&nbsp;Dan Xu,&nbsp;Jianbing Ding,&nbsp;Fengsen Li,&nbsp;Min Jiang,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent respiratory condition, is characterized by long-term airway inflammation, which can lead to airway remodeling and persistent airflow restriction. Exposure to cigarette smoke is known as a major contributor to COPD development. Research has confirmed that ferroptosis and m6A modification are closely related to various inflammatory-related diseases. However, the correlation between m6A methylation and ferroptosis in COPD has not been confirmed. In this study, combined with bioinformatics analysis and molecular biology methods we investigated how m6A methylation was correlated to ferroptosis-associated genes (SLC7A11 and NQO-1) in cigarette smoke induced 16HBES cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two microarray datasets (GSE30063 and GSE64614) were combined to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through the application of bioinformatics techniques. A cigarette smoke (CS)-induced 16HBE cells model was established. The ROS, GSH, MDA, and total iron content were detected by relevant detection kits. The expression levels associated with ferroptosis and m6A methylation modification-related genes were determined via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 529 DEGs were identified in the above two databases. For COPD patients, significant changes were observed in FAGs (GCLC, NQO-1, SLC7A11) and m6A methylation-related genes (FTO). A negative correlation was also noted between the expression level of genes linked to ferroptosis (SLC7A11 and NQO-1) and that of the m6A methylation gene (FTO). The in vitro experiments results indicate that SLC7A11 and NQO-1 were significantly downregulated, and FTO were significantly upregulated. In addition, cigarette smoke stimulation increased the levels of MDA, LPO, and ROS, while reducing the content of GSH and total iron content in 16HBE cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings explored the relationship between ferroptosis and m6A methylation in COPD, and screened out SLC7A11, NQO-1 and FTO may be critical in the pathogenesis of COPD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunosuppressive Functions of Eosinophils Are Compromised in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis, Particularly Concerning Rab27a Expression","authors":"Yun Liao,&nbsp;Minyao Li,&nbsp;Shuo Song,&nbsp;Xuejie Xu,&nbsp;Xiaojun Xiao,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Gui Yang,&nbsp;Pingchang Yang","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eosinophils have been acknowledged to be involved in the induction of numerous inflammatory disorders. There is still a lack of knowledge about whether eosinophils play a role in immune regulation. The aim of this study is to uncover the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood samples were collected from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and healthy control subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples. Eosinophils were purified from PBMCs using flow cytometry cell sorting and analyzed using immunological approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that eosinophils from healthy subjects had immune regulatory functions on T cell proliferation and cytokine release. Impairment of eosinophil immune regulatory functions was found in AR patients, which was associated with AR responses. Elevated Rab27a expression in eosinophils was associated with their impaired immune regulatory functions and the increased AR responses. Rab27a controlled the release of mediators from eosinophils. Low concentrations of Eosinophil mediators could trigger immune regulatory responses, while high concentrations could trigger inflammatory responses. Regulating Rab27a restored the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils of AR patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eosinophils have immune regulatory functions, which are controlled by the expression of Rab27a. Regulation of Rab27a can improve the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils. The data suggest that inhibition of Rab27a can be a drug candidate for the treatment of eosinophil-related disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoledronic Acid Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Suppressing Macrophage NLRP3-Mediated Autophagy Pathway","authors":"Yuting Cheng,&nbsp;Guanjuan Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolin Huang,&nbsp;Yue Xiong,&nbsp;Na Song,&nbsp;Zheqing An,&nbsp;Wei Hong,&nbsp;Chidchanok Leethanakul,&nbsp;Bancha Samruajbenjakun,&nbsp;Jian Liao","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammatory factors leading to bone loss significantly increase the risk of tooth loosening or implantation failure. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a widely used medication for effectively inhibiting excessive bone destruction, but its effect on alleviating inflammatory bone loss remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether ZOL alleviates inflammatory bone resorption through immunomodulatory effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The viability of the cells was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay. Osteoclast (OC) differentiation and function were determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and bone resorption pits assays, respectively. Autophagosomes and actin ring structures of OC were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and F-actin ring staining, respectively. The microstructure in mice maxillary alveolar bone model was observed by micro computed tomography (Miro-CT). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to detect the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related genes and Western blot (WB) analysis to evaluate the protein expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)-related proteins in pre-OCs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicated that ZOL hindered lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated OC differentiation, formation, bone resorption activity and autophagosome levels. Furthermore, ZOL diminished the expression of genes associated with OC. And the expression of proteins ATG7, LC3II, Beclin1, NLRP3-related proteins and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) protein were markedly decreased while P62 was increased, especially in the 1 μM ZOL group or MCC950 + ZOL group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ZOL has a certain immunomodulatory effect that exhibits anti-inflammatory properties at lower concentrations, which can weaken LPS-induced OCs differentiation and function, and NLRP3-mediated autophagy pathway may participate in this process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Outcomes, Public Health Implications, and Security Measures","authors":"Izere Salomon,&nbsp;Ali Emir Hamitoglu,&nbsp;Unkwiye Hertier,&nbsp;Mugabekazi Albright Belise,&nbsp;Uwase Sandrine,&nbsp;Benimana Darius,&nbsp;Methode Yusufu Abdoulkarim","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70102","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the &lt;i&gt;Orthopoxvirus&lt;/i&gt; genus, is responsible for the zoonotic disease known as MPX. Primarily found in western and central Africa, emerging studies indicate a shift in transmission dynamics. Ongoing MPX outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have escalated into significant public health concerns.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This review endeavors to provide a comprehensive analysis of the public health implications, clinical consequences, and preventive measures related to the current MPX outbreak in the DRC. It focuses on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and public health responses to this global health challenge.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The research synthesizes data regarding MPX outbreaks in the DRC, drawing from academic journals, public health reports, and case studies through a narrative review approach.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The recent outbreak in the DRC has identified approximately 12,569 suspected MPX cases, resulting in 581 fatalities, which corresponds to a case fatality rate (CFR) of 4.6%. These cases have been documented across 156 health sectors in 22 out of 26 provinces, representing the highest case count recorded to date. The epidemic has also encroached upon previously unaffected regions. Hospitalization rates have varied between 4% and 10%, with a significant percentage of cases attributed to sexual transmission. Analysis of demographic and geographic data revealed distinct patterns in viral spread. Clinical outcomes have varied, with an average CFR close to 10%, influenced by factors such as timely diagnosis and access to healthcare services. Rural areas have accounted for over 70% of the cases, highlighting the necessity for targeted public health interventions. Control measures have focused on community awareness campaigns and immunization programs, reaching approximately 50% of the at-risk population; however, challenges related to resource limitations and political instability have impeded effective response strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The ongoing MPX outbreak in the DRC poses a substantial public health challenge. While progress has been made in managing the epidemic, it remains imperative to address resource deficiencies and enhance public health systems. Strengthening international collaboration, expanding healthcare","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Gene in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Machine Learning","authors":"Meijiang Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Yu","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible visual impairment, with dry AMD being the most prevalent form. Programmed cell death of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of dry AMD. Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of programmed cell death, is characterized by iron accumulation-induced lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of ferroptosis in the progression of AMD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 41 samples of AMD and 50 normal samples were obtained from the data set GSE29801 for differential gene expression analysis and functional enrichment. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected and intersected with genes from the ferroptosis database to obtain differentially expressed ferroptosis-associated genes (DEFGs). Machine learning algorithms were employed to screen diagnostic genes. The diagnostic genes were subjected to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Expression differences of diagnostic genes were validated in in vivo and in vitro models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 462 DEGs when comparing normal and AMD samples. The GO enrichment analysis indicated significant involvement in key biological processes like collagen-containing extracellular matrix composition, positive cell adhesion regulation, and extracellular matrix organization. Through the intersection with ferroptosis gene sets, we pinpointed 10 DEFGs. Leveraging machine learning algorithms, we pinpointed five ferroptosis feature diagnostic genes: VEGFA, SLC2A1, HAMP, HSPB1, and FADS2. The subsequent experiments validated the increased expression of SLC2A1 and FADS2 in the AMD ferroptosis model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The occurrence of ferroptosis could potentially contribute to the advancement of AMD. SLC2A1 and FADS2 have demonstrated promise as emerging diagnostic biomarkers and plausible therapeutic targets for AMD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and Purification of ADAMTSL5 in E. coli and Validation of Activity in Psoriasis Serum","authors":"Ru Qin,&nbsp;Shangyang Li,&nbsp;Boheng Wu,&nbsp;Ruilan Lin,&nbsp;Yulin Yuan","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A disintegrin and metalloprotease domain containing thrombospondin type 1 motif-like 5 (ADAMTSL5), a protein linked to psoriasis, was obtained by prokaryotic expression and purification for potential utilization as a new auxiliary diagnostic marker for psoriasis. It was subsequently applied in psoriasis research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Experimental Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The designed ADAMTSL5 gene was inserted into the pET-30a (+) vector and expressed in the BL21 (DE3) strain as a fusion protein. Following this, the recombinant ADAMTSL5 protein was purified using affinity chromatography. Purified ADAMTSL5, obtained in conjunction with magnetic beads, was directly employed in both psoriasis patients and healthy individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicated that the molecular weight of the ADAMTSL5 protein obtained through prokaryotic expression and purification was approximately 27 kDa, with a protein concentration of 0.96 mg/mL. Analysis of anti-ADAMTSL5 levels in the serum of both psoriasis patients and healthy individuals using magnetic microparticle chemiluminescence demonstrated that anti-ADAMTSL5 levels in the serum of psoriasis patients surpassed those of healthy individuals, showing a significant difference with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The experimental findings presented here may contribute to the utilization of ADAMTSL5 as a marker for diagnosing psoriasis, offering novel insights and experimental avenues for further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signatures of Six Autophagy-Related Genes as Diagnostic Markers of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy and Their Correlation With Immune Infiltration","authors":"Qintao Ma,&nbsp;Yuanping Hai,&nbsp;Jie Shen","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is one of the most complex autoimmune diseases in endocrinology areas. Autophagy-related genes may be involved in the pathophysiology of TAO. This study aims to reveal key genes associated with autophagy in the pathogenesis and the potential diagnostic markers for TAO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained autophagy-related differential genes (AR-DEGs) and their expression in TAO patients and controls. Gene ontology analysis (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were used to perform the enrichment analysis of AR-DEGs. LASSO regression, support vector machine recursive feature elimination, and random forest were performed to screen for disease signature genes (DSGs), which were further validated in another independent validation dataset. We used the receiver operating characteristic for the evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of DSGs and also established a nomogram. The relative proportion of immune infiltration was calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the relationship between the identified gene markers and the level of infiltrating immune cells was explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 24 AR-DEGs, which were primarily enriched in cellular catabolic regulation, autophagosome membrane, and ubiquitin protein ligase binding in GO analysis, while KEGG analysis highlighted autophagy as the main enriched pathway. Six DSGs were identified by three algorithms. They were validated in another independent validation dataset. The combined six-gene model also showed good diagnostic efficacy (AUC = 0.948). We further plotted the nomogram with better diagnostic efficacy. Immuno-infiltration analysis and correlation analysis demonstrated that six DSGs were significantly correlated with the infiltrating immune cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified several biological processes and pathways for the enrichment of AR-DEGs. Six DSGs were identified, which showed great potential to become critical molecules in the diagnosis of TAO, and these DSGs showed a correlation with infiltrating immune cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edaravone Protects Trophoblast Cells From Hypoxic Injury in Preeclampsia: Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT Pathway as a Promising Therapeutic Approach","authors":"Xin Liu,&nbsp;Jun Wan,&nbsp;Ming Wei,&nbsp;Yanan Tong,&nbsp;Zhaomin Yao","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preeclampsia (PE) is a multifaceted medical condition that manifests during pregnancy, characterized by hypertension and damage to multiple organs. In PE, the placenta's impaired functionality leads to continuous hypoxia in placental tissues, which is considered the primary cause of the condition. Inhibition of hypoxia-induced injury in trophoblast cells presents a potential therapeutic strategy for PE. Edaravone (EDA) is a potent antioxidant with proven efficacy against various diseases and injuries, yet its impact on PE requires further exploration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Placenta tissues from pregnant women, with or without PE, were collected, and levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), P-AKT, AKT, and PI3K proteins were analyzed using Western blotting. An in vitro anoxia model was established by treating the human trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo with cobalt chloride (CoCl₂). Standard techniques were employed to measure proliferation, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates in the anoxic cells, with and without EDA treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HIF-1α, P-AKT, AKT, and PI3K protein levels were significantly elevated in the placenta of the PE group compared with the control group. EDA mitigated the CoCl₂-induced decrease in HTR-8/SVneo cell viability and reduced apoptosis and ROS production. Furthermore, EDA counteracted the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in CoCl₂-treated trophoblasts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EDA protected trophoblasts against hypoxic injury by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that it may serve as a promising therapeutic option for PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of an Early Prediction Model for Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome-Associated Encephalitis","authors":"Yijiang Liu,&nbsp;Naisheng Zhu,&nbsp;Zimeng Qin,&nbsp;Chenzhe He,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhang,&nbsp;Ke Cao,&nbsp;Wenkui Yu","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease primarily transmitted by ticks. The development of encephalitis in SFTS patients significantly increases the risk of adverse outcomes. However, the understanding of SFTS-associated encephalitis (SFTSAE) is still limited. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of SFTSAE and develop a predictive model for early detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively collected data from 220 SFTS patients admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between May 2019 and January 2024. The patients were first randomly divided into a training set (154 people, 70%) and a validation set (66 people, 30%). The patients in the training set were divided into SFTSAE and non-SFTSAE groups according to the presence of encephalitis. A prediction model was constructed using the training set: important clinical parameters were selected using univariate logistic regression, and then multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the independent risk factors for SFTSAE. A prediction model was constructed using these independent risk factors. Finally, the validation set was used to verify the predictive ability of the model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age, C-reactive protein, <span>d</span>-dimer, and viral load were independent risk factors for SFTSAE (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A nomogram containing these four indicators was constructed, and the predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the ROC curve. The AUC of the model was 0.846 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.770–0.921), which had good predictive ability for SFTSAE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conclusion: The overall mortality rate of SFTS patients was 17.53%, and the mortality rate of encephalitis patients was 50%. Old age, high C-reactive protein, elevated <span>d</span>-dimer, and high viral load were independent risk factors for SFTSAE. The nomogram constructed based on these four indicators had good predictive ability and could be used as an evaluation tool for clinical treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}