Immunity, Inflammation and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Respiratory Viruses in Hospitalized Iranian Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ali Nateghi,&nbsp;Morvarid Hamrahjoo,&nbsp;Mohammad Yasaghi,&nbsp;Mahnaz Ramzali,&nbsp;Saeed Samadizadeh,&nbsp;Fatemeh Fotouhi,&nbsp;Vahid Salimi,&nbsp;Lobat Shahkar,&nbsp;Britt Nakstad,&nbsp;Alireza Tahamtan","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a significant global health concern, especially in children under five, causing approximately 4.3 million annual deaths. ARIs are mainly caused by respiratory viruses. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has altered the circulation of respiratory viruses. This study investigates the epidemiology and clinical features of respiratory viruses in hospitalized children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Gorgan, Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 264 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from hospitalized children between October 2021 to March 2022 at Taleghani Children's Hospital, Gorgan, Iran. The frequency of various respiratory viruses, including human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV1-4), influenza viruses A and B (FLU-A, B), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human rhinovirus (HRV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected using a SYBR green-based real-time PCR assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of the 264 hospitalized children, 88.2% (233) tested positive for at least one respiratory virus, with 60.2% (159) showing co-infections and 28% (74) having single infections. The most frequently detected were HRV (56.4%), HMPV (53%), and RSV (18.2%). The proportions of HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV-3, HPIV-4, FLU-A, FLU-B, and SARS-CoV-2 were 8.7%, 12.9%, 8%, 7.6%, 1.9%, 0%, and 15.2%, respectively. There was a clear association between specific viruses and some clinical symptoms, such as RSV with pneumonia, and HPIV-1 with cyanosis. Co-infections were linked to severe outcomes, including pneumonia and seizures. Among all 264 patients, 5 died, and 3 of them had underlying diseases. All fatal cases tested positive for at least one virus, with HMPV being the most frequently detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the considerable impact of ARIs among children under five in Golestan Province, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the importance of early detection and ongoing surveillance, particularly in high-risk pediatric populations and across diverse geographic areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: PRMT5 Participates in B Cell Overactivation in Patients With Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) Through RSAD2-Mediated NF-κB Signaling","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>RETRACTION:</b> H. Zhu, J. Zheng, Y. Zhou, T. Wu, and T. Zhu, “PRMT5 Participates in B Cell Overactivation in Patients With Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) Through RSAD2-Mediated NF-κB Signaling,” <i>Immunity, Inflammation and Disease</i> 11, no. 12 (2023): e1102, https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1102.</p><p>The above article, published online on 13 December 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Marc Veldhoen; and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed upon due to the identification of duplication of the p-p65 western blot bands between Figures 4C and 6E. The duplication consists of rotated versions of the same bands, which were used to represent different scientific conditions. Discrepancies were also noted in the participant profile and funding information. The study included an unusually high proportion of male participants for a condition known to predominantly affect women. Additionally, the funding statement lacked institutional attribution and appeared misaligned with the study's focus. The authors did not respond to invitations to comment on the concerns or provide supporting data. As a result, the editors consider the results and conclusions to be compromised.</p>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 in Signaling, Immunity, and Mycobacterial Infection","authors":"Yi Wang,&nbsp;Zihao Mi,&nbsp;Hong Liu,&nbsp;Furen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) functions primarily as a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that detects muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a conserved bacterial cell wall component, thereby playing a pivotal role in pathogen surveillance. However, emerging evidence reveals that NOD2 exerts broad immunomodulatory effects beyond its canonical role as a PRR, though its effects can be contradictory, depending on genetic background, immunological microenvironment, and disease context. In this review, we integrate recent advances in understanding NOD2's functional plasticity and provide novel insights into its regulatory mechanisms in immune responses and mycobacterial infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database with keywords including NOD2, signaling pathways, immune homeostasis, autophagy, trained immunity, and mycobacterial infection. Relevant information was extracted from the retrieved research articles and reviews and summarized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We delineated the MDP-dependent and -independent mechanisms of NOD2 activation and their downstream signaling cascades. We also elaborated on the classical immune responses orchestrated by NOD2, and its remarkably multifaceted noncanonical roles in regulating immune homeostasis by modulating autophagy, acting synergistically with toll-like receptor pathways to fine-tune inflammation, and balancing trained immunity and immune tolerance. Furthermore, we examined the multifaceted immunoregulatory functions of NOD2 in host defense against mycobacterial infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose that further research is required to clarify the various roles of NOD2 across diverse genetic backgrounds, microenvironmental contexts, and disease paradigms. Such studies will provide critical mechanistic insights to inform the development of precision-based therapeutic strategies targeting NOD2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Etiopathogenesis of Kawasaki Disease: Evolving Understanding of Diverse Triggers","authors":"Toshiro Hara,&nbsp;Yasunari Sakai","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70267","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. Evidence suggests that microbial and nonmicrobial triggers for KD differ across geographical regions and environmental conditions. Although the precise triggers remain unidentified, KD is likely caused by microbial or environmental agents acting on genetically predisposed children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insights into KD pathogenesis have also been derived from three well-established murine models, which highlight diverse vasculitis-inducing pathways. The diversity of microbial triggers supports the hypothesis that KD arises from immune-mediated responses rather than direct infection. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and inflammatory cell death-linked damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play critical roles in KD pathogenesis. Furthermore, genetic polymorphisms associated with KD, such as <i>ITPKC</i>, <i>CASP3</i>, and <i>FCGR2A</i>, contribute to immune activation by promoting inflammasome activation, pyroptosis and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), thereby intensifying inflammation. Oxidative and nitrative stress further amplify inflammatory responses, with their interplay potentially driving KD onset. The relatively low recurrence rate of KD, despite its diverse triggers, may partly be explained by the presence of anti-DAMP antibodies. Historically, reduced exposure to infections and improved sanitation may have led to lower levels of anti-DAMP antibodies, potentially contributing to the increased incidence of KD observed over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Continued research into microbial and immune mechanisms is crucial to advance our understanding of KD pathogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum SERPINB3/4 in Moderate-to-Severe Prurigo Nodularis: A Potential Biomarker for Disease Severity and Eosinophil-Related Parameters","authors":"Jiali Wu,&nbsp;Kaoyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Liao,&nbsp;Chener Yang,&nbsp;Jingyao Ge,&nbsp;Chenchen Wu,&nbsp;Bo Yu,&nbsp;Weilong Zhong,&nbsp;Yong Shao,&nbsp;Xia Dou","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70263","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The available evidence increasingly indicates that SERPINB3/4 plays a pivotal role in the progression of inflammatory diseases and may serve as a valuable biomarker for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. However, the expression of SERPINB3/4 in the serum of patients with moderate-to-severe prurigo nodularis (PN) remains poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To find a promising biomarker for monitoring the severity and activity of moderate-to-severe PN patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 41 patients with moderate-to-severe PN and 20 healthy subjects were included in the study. Enzyme­linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine serum SERPINB3/4 expression. Cutaneous SERPINB3/4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serum SERPINB3/4 levels were correlated with PN disease severity and activity scores, hematological parameters, and systemic inflammatory markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SERPINB3/4 expression was found to be significantly increased in the serum and lesions of PN in comparison to healthy subjects. In patients with PN, the expression of serum SERPINB3/4 was significantly elevated in subjects with higher investigator global assessment (IGA) scores, while exhibiting a notable decline in patients with higher pruritus numeric rating scale (P-NRS) scores. Positive correlations were observed between serum SERPINB3/4 levels and peripheral eosinophil count, eosinophil ratio, and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) in patients with PN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SERPINB3/4 expression was increased in PN sera and lesions. Serum SERPINB3/4 expression was positively correlated with PN severity and peripheral eosinophil-related parameters, suggesting its potential as a promising biomarker for PN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Thoracic Muscle Mass: A Novel Indicator of Poor Prognosis in Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome","authors":"Xiao-Min Wang,&nbsp;Pu Li,&nbsp;Lei Hu,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Cheng-Xin Zhu,&nbsp;Kun Lv,&nbsp;Da-Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) poses a serious threat to public health due to its high mortality. Low thoracic muscle mass predicts poor clinical outcomes in many diseases, but its significance in SFTS remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study involved 210 SFTS patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2020 to 2023. All subjects underwent chest computed tomography (CT) examination. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured by CT images at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (T12). The clinical data of patients from the survival and non-survival groups were compared, and the prognostic value of T12-SMI in SFTS patients was evaluated through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and univariate and multivariate Cox regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients in the non-survival group had a lower SMI. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that SMI may predict adverse outcomes in patients with SFTS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that SMI was independently connected to negative outcomes of SFTS. T12-SMI was correlated with albumin and creatinine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low SMI is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with SFTS. SMI may serve as a reliable prognostic marker for SFTS in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Inactivated Influenza Vaccination on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Japanese Healthcare Workers","authors":"Taito Kitano,&nbsp;Sayaka Yoshida","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70266","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Influenza vaccinations are recommended for healthcare workers (HCWs). Quantification of the personal risks of vaccination compared to vaccine benefits can help guide more accurate benefit-risk assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis of inactivated influenza vaccination among HCWs. The study objective was to evaluate the quality-adjusted life day (QALD) loss due to adverse events following immunization (AEFI) among HCWs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used a questionnaire survey with the EuroQol-5 dimension-5 level (EQ-5D) for HCWs to evaluate the impact of reactogenicity on QALD loss following inactivated seasonal influenza vaccination. Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire survey regarding their health status once daily from the day before vaccination until 7 days after vaccination (a total of 9 times). QALD loss was calculated as the cumulative difference between the mean EQ-5D scores following vaccination (Days 0–7) and the mean EQ-5D score before vaccination (Day −1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the study period, 213 participants completed the surveys for 5 days or more, and 122 participants completed the surveys for all days. The mean QALD losses among the participants who completed the surveys for five or more days and those who completed the surveys on all days were 0.040 and 0.054, respectively. The mean QALD losses among those by grade (the maximal grade of any AEFIs) were 0.021 (grade 0), −0.018 (grade 1), 0.089 (grade 2), and 0.299 (grade 3), respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured the magnitude of QALD loss in HCWs following inactivated influenza vaccination. These results support a more accurate health technology assessment of seasonal influenza vaccination in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors in Goats in Derashe Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Minale Getachew,&nbsp;Ephrem Tora,&nbsp;Nejib Mohammed,&nbsp;Teferi Benti","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Mycoplasma capricolum</i> subspecies <i>capripneumoniae</i> is the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), a highly infectious and economically significant disease affecting goats and sheep. CCPP is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, leading to substantial financial losses in affected regions. The aim of this study was to estimate seroprevalence and pinpoint risk factors for the occurrence of CCPP in the study area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study employing a multistage cluster sampling technique was carried out in the Derashe zone in 2021. In the study area, 426 goats from six villages and three clusters were tested for CCPP serostatus using the Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA). Goat level CCPP was predicted by a mixed-effect logistic regression model, while flock level CCPP was tested for association with risk factors using Chi-square test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum sample results revealed a 4.7% seroprevalence at the goat level (95% CI: 2.9–7.6), and a 52% prevalence at the flock level (95% CI: 31.3–72.2). The presence of health problems were associated with 4.2 times greater odds of CCPP seropositivity than those without health problems (OR = 4.2; <i>p</i> = 0.000). Goats found in large flock sizes were 5.7 times more likely to suffer a CCPP seropositivity than small flock sized goats owned together (OR = 5.7; <i>p</i> = 0.009).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given that the Derashe zone serves as a key livestock movement corridor with goats frequently transported to central regions of Ethiopia, and that contagious caprine pleuropneumonia demonstrated a high flock-level prevalence across all study villages and clusters, it is crucial to implement a routine vaccination program to effectively control the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mertk+ Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Negatively Regulate PINK1 Related Mitophagy and Accelerate MASH","authors":"Yu-Xuan Gao,&nbsp;Zhong Weng,&nbsp;Long Tang,&nbsp;Ming-Yi Xu,&nbsp;Sheng-Zheng Luo","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70256","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mer tyrosine kinase (<i>Mertk</i>) regulating mitochondrial function of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Mertk/p-Mertk</i>, PINK1, and ERK/p-ERK expression in steatotic LSECs and livers of MASH mice were studied. Mitochondrial functions were assessed via immunofluorescence, Western blot, and qPCR. <i>C-Kit</i>⁺-bone marrow cells (BMCs)^{<i>sh-Mertk</i>} were bone marrow transplanted (BMT) to MASH mice to evaluate its effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ov-<i>Mertk</i> would markedly stimulate ERK, and ERK further suppress downstream PINK1. Higher levels of <i>Mertk/p-Mertk</i> and lower levels of PINK1 were confirmed in steatotic LSECs and MASH mice livers. Steatotic LSECs^{<i>sh-Mertk</i>} exhibited intact mitophagy, integral mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced reactive oxygen productions and upregulation of the PINK1 pathway. BMT of <i>C-Kit</i>⁺-BMCs^{<i>sh-Mertk</i>} could equivalently protect mitochondrial functions and ameliorate lipid accumulation in MASH mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Mertk</i> negatively regulates PINK1-mediated mitophagy in LSECs through the p-ERK signaling pathway, thereby accelerating MASH progression. Therefore, LSECs deficient of <i>Mertk</i> should be a novel therapy for reversing PINK1-related mitophagy and MASH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Bioinformatics, Serum Pharmacochemistry, and Metabolomics to Reveal the Mechanisms of Danggui Buxue Decoction in Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Inflammation and NF-κB Signaling Pathway Regulation","authors":"Lianyun Du,&nbsp;Ye Zhai,&nbsp;Meixiu Luo,&nbsp;Lu Tang,&nbsp;Saiyue Qiu,&nbsp;Xin Jiang,&nbsp;Enpeng Wang,&nbsp;Zhi Pan","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iid3.70259","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a significant clinical challenge due to the limited efficacy and adverse effects associated with conventional treatments. Danggui buxue decoction (DBD), renowned for its qi-tonifying, blood-nourishing, and anti-inflammatory properties, has shown promising potential in the management of RA. This study investigates the mechanisms of DBD in RA through bioinformatics and experimental analyses, providing a scientific foundation for its clinical application and further development.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The chemical components and blood-absorbed components of DBD were identified using UPLC-MS/MS. Bioinformatics approaches were applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between RA patients and healthy individuals, and to predict potential drug targets and signaling pathways associated with the blood-absorbed components of DBD. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat models and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte (RA-FLS) models were established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DBD on RA. Serum metabolomics analysis was performed to identify differential metabolites and key metabolic pathways associated with the therapeutic effects of DBD.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 83 chemical components and 34 blood-absorbed components were identified in DBD. Bioinformatics analysis highlighted the NF-κB signaling pathway as a central regulator of RA-related inflammation, requiring further mechanism exploration. Experimental findings demonstrated that DBD significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines-IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α-in both RA-FLS cells and serum from CIA rats. Furthermore, DBD inhibited RA-FLS cell proliferation and migration while inducing apoptosis. DBD treatment alleviated paw swelling, reduced arthritis scores, and decreased spleen and thymus indices. Histopathological examination (HE) staining showed decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, and Micro-CT results revealed notable mitigation of bone destruction. Metabolomic analysis identified 34 differential metabolites and 4 significant metabolic pathways (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Moreover, DBD significantly downregulated the expression of phosphorylated proteins in both RA-FLS cells and synovial tissue of rats involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway, including p-IκBα, p-p65, and p-IKKα, and suppressing NLRP3 protein and mRNA expression of IκBα, p65, and IKKα.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}