Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Synergy testing of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam combination by two different methods","authors":"Ekadashi Rajni, Kriti Goyal, Kanika R. Bairwa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of dried blood spots in the detection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review","authors":"Jannie Nikolai M. Alquero ,&nbsp;Patrizia Marie S. Estanislao ,&nbsp;Svethlana Marie M. Hermino ,&nbsp;Ranna Duben M. Manding ,&nbsp;Joshua Euchie D. Robles ,&nbsp;Christene Mae A. Canillo ,&nbsp;Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>COVID-19 disease continues to be a global health concern. The current protocol for detecting SARS-CoV-2 requires healthcare professionals to draw blood from patients. Recent studies showed that dried blood spot (DBS) is a valuable sampling procedure that can collect a low blood volume without the need for the presence of medical practitioners. This study synthesized the available literature on using DBS as a blood collection tool to diagnose COVID-19 disease.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A comprehensive search utilizing OVID, CINAHL, and Scopus databases was done from inception to March 2023. Five reviewers collected, extracted and organized the study data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This systematic review included 57 articles. DBS was commonly prepared by finger pricking. Most studies showed more favorable results and longer sample stability (more than 1080 days) with lower storage temperature conditions for the DBS. DBS samples were mostly used for serological assays for COVID-19 disease detection. ELISA was the most used detection method (43.66 %). Diagnostic performance of laboratory tests for COVID-19 using DBS sample showed high sensitivity of up to 100 % for immunoassay tests and 100 % specificity in agglutination, PCR, and DELFIA assays.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DBS sampling coupled with serological testing can be an alternative method for collecting blood and detecting COVID-19 disease. These tests using DBS samples showed excellent diagnostic performance across various geographic locations and demographics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Experience from a North Indian tertiary care hospital","authors":"Debasish Biswal ,&nbsp;Megha Brijwal ,&nbsp;Aashish Choudhary ,&nbsp;Aanchal Kakkar ,&nbsp;Raja Pramanik ,&nbsp;Alok Thakar ,&nbsp;Lalit Dar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), arising from nasopharyngeal epithelium is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is common in South China, South East Asia and North East India. The aim and objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of EBV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections of clinically suspected NPC patients, correlate the results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with histopathology findings, and to determine the utility of tissue EBV DNA as a diagnostic bio-marker.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>31 FFPE tissue samples were collected from clinically suspected NPC patients from April 2018–December 2019. Histopathological diagnosis was done by examination of Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides. Presence of EBV was detected by EBNA-1 PCR. IHC was performed using EBV Latent Membrane Protein 1.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 31 clinically suspected NPC cases, 15 (48.4 %) were histopathological confirmed NPC. Of these15, 13 (86.6 %) were non-keratinising undifferentiated NPC, and one each were keratinising NPC and non-keratinising differentiated NPC respectively.</p><p>EBV EBNA1 PCR was positive in 35.5 % (11/31) of clinically suspected NPC cases. Of the 11 PCR positive cases, 9 (81.8 %) were histopathological confirmed NPC.</p><p>Of the 31 clinically suspected NPC cases, IHC was indicated in 23 biopsies. Of which, 12 (52.2 %) were positive for LMP1 in the abnormal cells. Of the 12 IHC positive samples, 10 were NPC cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>EBV DNA as an indicator towards NPC among clinically suspected cases had a sensitivity of 60 % and specificity of 87.5 %. In this study, addition of EBV DNA detection by PCR from FFPE tissue sections could confirm EBV association in 20 % of cases where it was not detected by EBV LMP1 IHC, thus helped in increasing the detection of EBV positivity in NPC cases. Early diagnosis of NPC will improve the cure rate and hence reduce the morbidity and mortality rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing HIV care: Insights from CD4 count, viral load, and demographic factors in a tertiary care centre of South Gujarat","authors":"Komal Kanani,&nbsp;Sangita Rajdev,&nbsp;Summaiya Mullan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Despite advancements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, HIV/AIDS remains a critical health concern, particularly in India. This study contributes valuable insights into HIV management strategies. This prospective and retrospective longitudinal observational study aimed to analyze the trends in CD4 cell count and viral load suppression among adult People Living with HIV (PLHIV) undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) and evaluate the influence of demographic factors and ART adherence on these parameters at the ART Centre of New Civil Hospital, Surat, India.</p></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><p>Adult PLHIV registered and initiated on ART between June 2017 and May 2018 at ART-NCH, Surat with Continuous follow-up until 2023 were included in the study. Data was collected and Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Other factors were evaluated for their influence on treatment outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A longitudinally analyzed data from 365 adult PLHIV receiving ART with continuous follow-up until 2023 revealed significant trends, with CD4 counts increasing from 425 (1st month) to 612.67 (24th month), indicating improving immune function. Individuals on first-line ART regimens had significantly higher odds (OR: 3.5, 95 % CI: 1.1–11.3) of achieving CD4 counts ≥350 compared to those on second-line regimens. Adherence to treatment (OR: 1.98, 95 % CI: 1.1–3.4) also increased the odds of attaining CD4 counts ≥350. Viral load suppression was achieved in 353 out of 365 participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlights the need for tailored interventions to optimize immune recovery and viral load suppression among PLHIV. Recommendations include targeted intervention to improve long-term health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100696"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA profiles in Zika virus infection: Insights from diverse sources","authors":"Mohammad Javad Mousavi ,&nbsp;Nasir Arefinia ,&nbsp;Mohammad Azarsa ,&nbsp;Taraneh Hoseinnezhad ,&nbsp;Emad Behboudi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Zika virus (ZIKV) stands as one of the most significant reemerging viral pathogens, linked to neurological diseases such as meningoencephalitis and congenital microcephaly. Today there are no effective therapies for treating ZIKV-infected patients. MiRNAs play a critical role in regulating cellular signaling and physiological conditions, and alterations in their profiles can bear great significance in disease progression.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Despite significant progress in understanding the interaction between the ZIKV and its host since the outbreak, a more comprehensive understanding on these interactions is imperative. This review aims to summarize the studies in the field and shed light on the intricate relationship between ZIKV and its host at the molecular level.</p></div><div><h3>Content</h3><p>We found that in ZIKV-infected humans, over-expression of miR-431–5p and miR-30e-5p plays a crucial role in innate immune responses and contributes to neurological damage. Additionally, in ZIKA-infected mice, we observed upregulated expression of all the targets of miR-124–3p including CCL2, IL7, IRF1, and SBNO2. Notably, other targets of this miRNA include TLR6, TNF, STAT3, and NF-kB also exhibited upregulation in the central nervous system (CNS) of infected mice. Conversely, miR-654–3p levels were reduced, correlating with the upregulation of its predicted targets including FLT3LG, LITAF, CD69, and TLR2. In the case of insects, aae-miR-286a/b-3p was predicted to target all ZIKV genotypes. This specific miRNA is typically found in ovaries and can be transferred to embryos. In conclusion, our findings suggest that host microRNAs and ZIKV-encoded microRNAs hold promise as potential targets for the diagnosis of ZIKV infections and may even serve as a therapeutic approach for managing this infectious disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pestalotiopsis, a rare cause of mycetoma; A case report","authors":"Archana Keche ,&nbsp;Satyaki Ganguly ,&nbsp;Swati Gajbhiye ,&nbsp;Girish Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Pestalotiopsis</em> is an appendage-bearing, well-known plant pathogen, and very few species are associated with human infections. To best of our knowledge, this is first report of <em>Pestalotiopsis</em> spp. isolated from mycetoma patient in India. A 66-year-old male farmer, having a history of twig prick, presented with a swollen foot and multiple discharging sinuses. 10 % KOH mount of tissue and grain showed fragmented fungal elements. White to pale honey-colored colonies with undulated edges and shiny black granules grew on potato dextrose agar. Characteristic fusiform, 5-celled conidia with 2–3 apical appendages seen on LPCB mount. Patient was treated with systemic Itraconazole successfully.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological analysis of leptospirosis, dengue, and Co-infection rates among febrile illness cases in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka","authors":"R.K. Veena ,&nbsp;K. Vinod Kumar ,&nbsp;M. Swathi ,&nbsp;P.P. Bokade ,&nbsp;A. Pal ,&nbsp;S. SowjanyaKumari ,&nbsp;Y.P. Arun ,&nbsp;S. Devaraj ,&nbsp;K. Jagadeesha ,&nbsp;M.R. Padma ,&nbsp;M. Jayashankar ,&nbsp;H.B. ChethanKumar ,&nbsp;B.R. Shome ,&nbsp;B.R. Gulati ,&nbsp;V. Balamurugan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Leptospirosis and dengue are two significant public health concerns in tropical and subtropical regions, often resulting in severe forms of disease and fatality. This study addresses the pressing public health issues of leptospirosis and dengue in the Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka, India. Both diseases pose significant health risks and are relatively understudied in this region, making it essential to investigate their prevalence and clinical presentations for targeted healthcare planning.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The primary aim is to determine the frequency of leptospirosis and dengue among febrile illness cases to understand the epidemiological patterns and assess co-infection rates in Dakshina Kannada.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Between 2020 and 2021, serum samples suspected of leptospirosis were tested using IgM ELISA (n = 1629) and the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (n = 92) for leptospirosis, while dengue was tested using NS1Ag and IgM antibodies ELISA (n = 1415). Data were collected through medical records and patient interviews. Seasonal trends, gender, and age distributions were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The study found a significant prevalence of leptospirosis (21 %) and dengue (10 %) among febrile illness cases in the study area, with a 1.3 % co-infection rate. Clinically, fever was common to both diseases, but leptospirosis also frequently exhibited symptoms such as abdominal pain, myalgia, and jaundice. MAT screening revealed a predominance of anti-leptospiral antibodies against the Djasiman, Pyrogenes, Hurstbridge, Hebdomadis, and Grippotyphosa serogroups in Dakshina Kannada.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study highlights the urgent need for focused public health interventions, improved diagnostic tools, and targeted epidemiological studies to manage these diseases. The findings underscore the necessity of enhancing diagnostic capabilities and public health awareness, particularly considering the significant health risks posed by leptospirosis and dengue in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current deadly dengue outbreak and serotype displacements in Bangladesh in 2023","authors":"Arifa Akram,&nbsp;Tasnim Nafisa,&nbsp;Mahmuda Yeasmin,&nbsp;Tania Islam Resma,&nbsp;Md Abu baker Siddique,&nbsp;Nadim Hosen,&nbsp;Monira Pervin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trend of biapenem susceptibility and disc diffusion breakpoints in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Yamuna Devi Bakthavatchalam ,&nbsp;Lydia Jennifer ,&nbsp;Fiza Abdullah ,&nbsp;Devishree Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Ranjan Adhiya ,&nbsp;Anand Ashok ,&nbsp;Kamini Walia ,&nbsp;Dhanalakshmi Solaimalai ,&nbsp;Balaji Veeraraghavan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Biapenem has been recently approved by the Drug Controller General of India for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI). However, there are no assessment studies that evaluate the <em>in-vitro</em> activity of biapenem against contemporary ESBL-producing Indian Enterobacterales isolates. To determine the activity of biapenem against contemporary ESBLs and/or OXA-1/ampC producing Enterobacterales and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> isolates.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Isolates were tested for susceptibility to biapenem and its comparators using the broth microdilution method. Presence of ESBLs (SHV, TEM, CTX-M) genes, OXA-1, and <em>amp</em>C genes (ACC, ACT, DHA, CIT/CMY, FOX) using multiplex PCR.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Against ESBL with OXA-1 and/or ampC-producing <em>E. coli</em>, ESBL-<em>K. pneumoniae</em>, and cephalosporin-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, biapenem showed <em>in-vitro</em> activity similar to that of meropenem. Overall, a biapenem disc concentration of 10 μg provided no error rates for testing <em>E. coli, K. pneumoniae,</em> and <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is more accurate to test biapenem at a 10 μg disc concentration and apply more stringent disc diffusion breakpoints for interpretation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing epidemiological trend of Aeromonas species and ciprofloxacin sensitivity in South India","authors":"Ankita Mohanty,&nbsp;Jharna Mandal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aeromonas</em> species can cause a wide range of clinical infections. Several reports of drug resistance among the <em>Aeromonas</em> species have been reported, but our observations have differed. Here we present the changing susceptibility pattern of antibiotics for <em>Aeromonas</em> species over 14 years (January 2010–February 2024) at a tertiary care hospital in South India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}