IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques最新文献_第6页

A Switchable Band RF/Analog Processing Single-Sideband Mixer for Distributed Array Phase Synchronization 用于分布式阵列相位同步的可切换频带射频/模拟处理单边带混频器

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3487917

Hao Yan;Hanxiang Zhang;Powei Liu;Bayaner Arigong

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Information for Authors IEEE 《微波理论与技术》杂志作者须知

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3488635

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Reply to Comments on “Anisotropic Microwave Properties of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays” “垂直排列碳纳米管阵列的各向异性微波特性”评论回复

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3485246

Lucas Lum;Zhi Kai Ng;Rong Tao Jiang;Chong Wei Tan;Edwin Hang Tong Teo;Beng Kang Tay

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Optimal Driving Signal Extraction for Maximum Efficiency of Dual-Input High Power Amplifiers 双输入大功率放大器驱动信号的优化提取

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479728

Filipe M. Barradas;Luís C. Nunes;José C. Pedro;Christophe Erdmann

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Addressing Specularity: Millimeter-Wave Radar With Distributed Repeater Apertures 寻址反射性：具有分布式中继器孔径的毫米波雷达

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3486242

Tasin Nusrat;Stavros Vakalis

{"title":"Addressing Specularity: Millimeter-Wave Radar With Distributed Repeater Apertures","authors":"Tasin Nusrat;Stavros Vakalis","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3486242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3486242","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar sensing using distributed repeaters that can address the strong specular reflections is presented in this article. Specular reflections happen when targets reflect incident electromagnetic signals at specific directions depending on the angle of incidence. These mirror-like reflections can degrade radar performance and make detection more challenging as transmitted radar energy does not necessarily reflect back to the radar receiver. This article proposes a way to combat the specular responses from scattering targets by utilizing distributed repeater apertures at mmWave frequencies. Distributed repeaters can capture and retransmit the specular wavefront to improve the target detection and enhance image reconstruction. In this article, we discuss the theory behind our work, include simulated results and verify our approach by building experimental 36–38 GHz mmWave imaging systems with one and two distributed repeaters. The results presented in this article pave the way for accurate detection of highly specular targets.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 1","pages":"373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10745128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Augmented Phase-Normalized Recurrent Neural Network for RF Power Amplifier Linearization 增强相位归一化递归神经网络用于射频功率放大器线性化

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3484581

Arne Fischer-Bühner;Lauri Anttila;Matias Turunen;Manil Dev Gomony;Mikko Valkama

{"title":"Augmented Phase-Normalized Recurrent Neural Network for RF Power Amplifier Linearization","authors":"Arne Fischer-Bühner;Lauri Anttila;Matias Turunen;Manil Dev Gomony;Mikko Valkama","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3484581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3484581","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a highly accurate recurrent neural network (RNN) for behavioral modeling and digital predistortion (DPD) of radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers (PAs). We describe a deep, residual recurrent unit (RRU) that minimizes the overhead of the recurrent operation. Phase normalization is incorporated with the proposed unit to allow for efficient processing of the baseband signal phase with the real-valued RNN structure. Furthermore, we augment the phase normalization concept with dedicated envelope cell states that support the mapping of RF envelope dominated distortions. Combination with a trainable, input-ended finite impulse response (FIR) filtering leads us to proposing the augmented phase-normalized RRU (APNRRU). Our experimental validation, including a detailed modeling study of the proposed concepts with three different GaN Doherty PA units, as well as several DPD linearization examples, shows that the APNRRU offers excellent linearization already with modest complexity of just 550 model parameters. In addition, the results demonstrate the ability to linearize also demanding wideband PA operation with noncontiguous multicarrier signals with 400-MHz composite bandwidth, outperforming the prior art solutions.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 1","pages":"412-422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10745136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smoke Detection and Combustion Analysis Using Millimeter-Wave Radar Measurements 使用毫米波雷达测量的烟雾探测和燃烧分析

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479218

Francesca Schenkel;Thorsten Schultze;Christoph Baer;Jan C. Balzer;Ilona Rolfes;Christian Schulz

{"title":"Smoke Detection and Combustion Analysis Using Millimeter-Wave Radar Measurements","authors":"Francesca Schenkel;Thorsten Schultze;Christoph Baer;Jan C. Balzer;Ilona Rolfes;Christian Schulz","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479218","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding and detecting smoke effectively is crucial in emergency scenarios where traditional optical methods may fail. This article investigates the definition of smoke and its characterization from an electromagnetic perspective, focusing particularly on the use of frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensors operating in the millimeter-wave range. We explore the influence of both laminar and turbulent smoke flows on the measurement accuracy. Our study is grounded in dielectric models in the millimeter-wave spectrum, demonstrating that the dielectric properties of smoke exhibit minimal variations. Consequently, we use phase-based radar signal processing to detect these subtle changes. Unlike previous studies that primarily evaluate sensor performance, this article aims to use the minimal impact on the measured signal to characterize different smoke scenarios comprehensively. Our findings demonstrate that radar sensors can provide valuable insights into smoke properties and are suitable to extend material model for millimeter-wave frequencies, enhancing situational awareness and response strategies in smoke-obscured environments.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 1","pages":"361-372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10738843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PCIe 5.0 Connector Distributed Physical-Based Circuit Model With Loading Resonances for Fast SI Diagnosis and Pathfinding 带有负载共振的PCIe 5.0连接器分布式物理电路模型，用于快速SI诊断和寻路

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479132

Yulin He;Kewei Song;Haonan Wu;Milton Feng

{"title":"PCIe 5.0 Connector Distributed Physical-Based Circuit Model With Loading Resonances for Fast SI Diagnosis and Pathfinding","authors":"Yulin He;Kewei Song;Haonan Wu;Milton Feng","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3479132","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the development of a fast signal integrity (SI) diagnosis and pathfinding tool for a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) 5.0 connector based on the distributed physical-based transmission line (dPBTL) circuit model. Frequency-dependent loading resonances due to add-in card (AIC) and baseboard (BB) are identified via HFSS field simulation and analysis. The subcircuit models for ground-cavity (GC) and stub-effect resonances are established and matched well with the field simulated. The integrated dPBTL accurately predicts differential-mode performances and resonant crosstalk up to 64 GHz, speeds up simulation by \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$5000times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, and reduces data storage by \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$4.84times 10^{6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 compared with the traditional full-wave approach. Fast-guided and evaluated by 1-D dPBTL, design modifications reduce loading resonances and broadband dispersion, meeting PCIe 6.0 S-parameter requirements. Informed by dPBTL design, the 3-D pathfinding PCIe 6.0 connector demonstrates a 700% eye height (EH) enlargement and 150% eye width (EW) improvement at 64-GT/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ). Average 14% and 35% are improved in EH and EW for the three eyes at 64-GT/s (32-GBaud) PAM4. Furthermore, eye-openings at 128- and 144-GT/s PAM4 support further development toward PCIe 7.0 applications.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 1","pages":"59-74"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10737630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Enhanced Broadband Continuous Extraction Approach for Complex Propagation Constants of Differential Transmission Lines 差分传输线复杂传播常数的增强型宽带连续提取方法

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3481908

Ziyang Chen;Ling Zhang;Jiefeng Zhou;Er-Ping Li

{"title":"An Enhanced Broadband Continuous Extraction Approach for Complex Propagation Constants of Differential Transmission Lines","authors":"Ziyang Chen;Ling Zhang;Jiefeng Zhou;Er-Ping Li","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3481908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3481908","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes an automatic and robust extraction method for broadband complex propagation constants of differential transmission lines, which demonstrates a reliable performance in on-wafer measurements, for the first time, up to 110 GHz. The proposed method is also suitable for asymmetric measurement fixtures when the mode conversion between differential and common modes cannot be ignored. The method first determines the order of each propagation mode at the first frequency and then applies a mode-tracking method to solve the propagation constants at the remaining frequencies. In addition, a multiline differentiation method is adopted to numerically eliminate the resonance-related glitches and noise of the attenuation constant curve by measuring several transmission lines with different lengths. Compared to the conventional approaches, the proposed method exhibits higher reliability and robustness in extracting broadband complex propagation constants, which is validated by a full-wave simulation between 0.01 and 130 GHz and an on-wafer measurement between 0.01 and 110 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 4","pages":"2137-2146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integration of Liquid Crystal With Silicon-Micromachining Technology for the Realization of Chip-Scale Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifters 集成液晶与硅微加工技术实现芯片级毫米波移相器

IF 4.1 1区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2024.3482329

Hassan Kianmehr;Raafat R. Mansour

{"title":"Integration of Liquid Crystal With Silicon-Micromachining Technology for the Realization of Chip-Scale Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifters","authors":"Hassan Kianmehr;Raafat R. Mansour","doi":"10.1109/TMTT.2024.3482329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2024.3482329","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces chip-scale reflective-type phase shifters (RTPSs) realized by monolithically integrating liquid crystal (LC) with silicon micromachining technology. The RTPS is formed by integrating a highly miniature Quadrature hybrid with two LC-based tunable reflective loads. The LC material is confined within a micromachined silicon trench, with its dielectric properties controlled by an applied bias voltage. Two RTPSs at 28 and 62 GHz are experimentally demonstrated. The phase shifter operating at 28 GHz exhibits a phase shift of 115° as the bias voltage varies from 0 to 25 V. Its insertion loss and return loss over the frequency range of 26 to 30 GHz are 5.95 and 15 dB, respectively, resulting in a figure of merit (FOM) of 19.16°/dB. The phase shifter operating at 62 GHz achieves a phase shift of 118° with the same bias voltage range. This device demonstrates an insertion loss of 7 dB and a return loss of 13.7 dB, yielding an FOM of 16.43°/dB. Notably, the phase shift tuning for these devices is analog and continuous, with no dc power consumption. Additionally, each phase shifter incorporates a single tuning element, simplifying their operation and integration. The device fabrication is conducted in-house using a multilayer microfabrication process, resulting in the first silicon-based, chip-level LC integrated phase shifters.","PeriodicalId":13272,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","volume":"73 1","pages":"309-320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0