ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.011
Maria Francesca Viola, Elvira Mass
{"title":"Bacterial translocation promotes trained immunity","authors":"Maria Francesca Viola, Elvira Mass","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"Can bacteria that breach mucosal barriers drive long-lasting changes in immunity? In this issue of <em>Immunity</em>, Robles-Vera et al. describe how, in the context of colitis, bacteria breaching the intestinal barrier reprogram precursors in the bone marrow via Mincle-dependent signaling.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.014
Yisi Lu, Ruaidhrí Jackson
{"title":"Nerve-racking worms","authors":"Yisi Lu, Ruaidhrí Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"The enteric nervous system is a key regulator of inflammation, crosstalking directly with the immune system at the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract. In this issue of <em>Immunity</em>, Wang and colleagues demonstrate that intrinsic enteric neurons (iENs) sense interleukin (IL)-13 to restrain group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) activity during helminth infection, uncovering a novel neuro-immune-regulatory circuit.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.018
Connor Lantz, Amanda Becker, Matthew DeBerge, Mallory Filipp, Kristofor Glinton, Aparnaa Ananthakrishnan, Jessica Urbanczyk, Madeline Cetlin, Afnan Alzamroon, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Matthew Spite, Zhi-Dong Ge, Edward B. Thorp
{"title":"Early-age efferocytosis directs macrophage arachidonic acid metabolism for tissue regeneration","authors":"Connor Lantz, Amanda Becker, Matthew DeBerge, Mallory Filipp, Kristofor Glinton, Aparnaa Ananthakrishnan, Jessica Urbanczyk, Madeline Cetlin, Afnan Alzamroon, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Matthew Spite, Zhi-Dong Ge, Edward B. Thorp","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"In response to organ injury in adults, macrophages often promote scarring, yet during early life, they are required for tissue regeneration. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying age-associated regeneration, we compared the macrophage injury response in newborn versus adult hearts. Single-cell analysis revealed an accumulation of tissue-resident macrophages in neonates that were selectively polarized for apoptotic cell recognition and uptake (efferocytosis). Ablation of the apoptotic cell recognition receptor <em>Mertk</em> in newborns prevented cardiac regeneration. These findings could be attributed to reprogramming of macrophage gene expression that was required for biosynthesis of the eicosanoid thromboxane A<sub>2</sub>, which unexpectedly activated parenchymal cell proliferation. Markers of thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> production were suppressed in adult macrophages after efferocytosis. Moreover, macrophage-neighboring neonatal cardiomyocytes expressed the thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> receptor, whose activation induced a metabolic shift that supported cellular proliferation. Our data reveal a fundamental age-defined macrophage response in which lipid mitogens produced during efferocytosis support receptor-mediated tissue regeneration.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.005
Anita S. Chong, Marlena Habal
{"title":"Cutting to the chase: Pruning alloreactive T cells","authors":"Anita S. Chong, Marlena Habal","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Indirect CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell allorecognition of donor peptides presented by host MHC class II antigens contributes to transplant rejection in part by eliciting donor-specific antibodies (DSAs). In this issue of <em>Immunity</em>, Zhanzak et al. revisit the role of indirectly alloreactive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in transplantation and demonstrate that immunodominant epitopes stimulate a narrow repertoire of T cells that can be pruned to prevent DSA formation.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.015
Jose Ignacio Escrig-Larena, María Mittelbrunn
{"title":"Everything everywhere all at once: Unraveling the waves of aging","authors":"Jose Ignacio Escrig-Larena, María Mittelbrunn","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent work reported in <em>Science,</em> Zhang et al. untangle dynamic changes arising across aging in multiple cell populations within thirteen organs using single-cell transcriptomics and identify four distinct dynamic waves in which immune cells are the most affected populations.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.012
Lei Wang, Wen Zhou
{"title":"Next generation lysosome: Brought to you by cGAS-STING","authors":"Lei Wang, Wen Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Renowned for driving interferon responses, the cGAS-STING pathway reveals a surprising role: lysosomal biogenesis. In this issue of <em>Immunity</em>, Xu et al. uncover how STING activates the transcription factor TFEB, linking innate immune sensing to enhanced pathogen clearance through lysosomal activity.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.009
William A. Nyberg, Charlotte H. Wang, Jonathan Ark, Chang Liu, Sylvanie Clouden, Anita Qualls, Sofia Caryotakis, Elina Wells, Katherine Simon, Celeste Garza, Pierre-Louis Bernard, Maya Lopez-Ichikawa, Zhongmei Li, Jin Seo, Gabriella R. Kimmerly, Joseph J. Muldoon, Peixin Amy Chen, Mingcheng Li, Hong-Erh Liang, Kelly Kersten, Justin Eyquem
{"title":"In vivo engineering of murine T cells using the evolved adeno-associated virus variant Ark313","authors":"William A. Nyberg, Charlotte H. Wang, Jonathan Ark, Chang Liu, Sylvanie Clouden, Anita Qualls, Sofia Caryotakis, Elina Wells, Katherine Simon, Celeste Garza, Pierre-Louis Bernard, Maya Lopez-Ichikawa, Zhongmei Li, Jin Seo, Gabriella R. Kimmerly, Joseph J. Muldoon, Peixin Amy Chen, Mingcheng Li, Hong-Erh Liang, Kelly Kersten, Justin Eyquem","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic engineering of T cells in mouse models is essential for investigating immune mechanisms. We aimed to develop an approach to manipulate T cells <em>in vivo</em> using an evolved adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid named Ark313. Delivery of a transient transgene expression cassette was feasible using Ark313, and this serotype outperformed natural serotypes. A single intravenous injection of a Cre recombinase-expressing Ark313 in the Ai9 fluorescent reporter mouse model achieved permanent genetic modifications of T cells. Ark313 facilitated <em>in vivo</em> gene editing in both tissue-resident and splenic T cells and validation of immunotherapy targets in solid tumor models. Ark313 delivered large DNA donor templates to T cells <em>in vivo</em> and integrated transgenes in primary CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, including naive T cells. Ark313-mediated transgene delivery presents an efficient approach to target mouse T cells <em>in vivo</em> and a resource for the interrogation of T cell biology and for immunotherapy applications.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.010
M. Gordon Joyce, Wei Bu, Wei-Hung Chen, Rebecca A. Gillespie, Sarah F. Andrews, Adam K. Wheatley, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Jaime L. Jensen, Tyler Stephens, Madhu Prabhakaran, Brian E. Fisher, Sandeep R. Narpala, Meghna Bagchi, Adrian B. McDermott, Gary J. Nabel, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Masaru Kanekiyo
{"title":"Structural basis for complement receptor engagement and virus neutralization through Epstein-Barr virus gp350","authors":"M. Gordon Joyce, Wei Bu, Wei-Hung Chen, Rebecca A. Gillespie, Sarah F. Andrews, Adam K. Wheatley, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Jaime L. Jensen, Tyler Stephens, Madhu Prabhakaran, Brian E. Fisher, Sandeep R. Narpala, Meghna Bagchi, Adrian B. McDermott, Gary J. Nabel, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Masaru Kanekiyo","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis and is associated with malignancies in humans. Viral infection of B cells is initiated by the viral glycoprotein 350 (gp350) binding to complement receptor 2 (CR2). Despite decades of effort, no vaccines or curative agents have been developed, partly due to lack of atomic-level understanding of the virus-host interface. Here, we determined the 1.7 Å structure of gp350 in complex with CR2. CR2 binding of gp350 utilized the same set of Arg residues required for recognition of its natural ligand, complement C3d. We further determined the structures of gp350 in complex with three potently neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) obtained from vaccinated macaques and EBV-infected individuals. Like the CR2 interaction, these nAbs targeted the acidic pocket within the CR2-binding site on gp350 using Arg residues. Our results illustrate two axes of molecular mimicry—gp350 versus C3d and CR2 versus EBV nAbs—offering insights for EBV vaccines and therapeutics development.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143084095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.013
Nikolai P. Jaschke, Andrew Wang
{"title":"Integrated control of leukocyte compartments as a feature of adaptive physiology","authors":"Nikolai P. Jaschke, Andrew Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"As a highly diverse and mobile organ, the immune system is uniquely equipped to participate in tissue responses in a tunable manner, depending on the number, type, and nature of cells deployed to the respective organ. Most acute organismal stressors that threaten survival—predation, infection, poisoning, and others—induce pronounced redistribution of immune cells across tissue compartments. Here, we review the current understanding of leukocyte compartmentalization under homeostatic and noxious conditions. We argue that leukocyte shuttling between compartments is a function of local tissue demands, which are linked to the organ’s contribution to adaptive physiology at steady state and upon challenge. We highlight the neuroendocrine signals that relay and organize this trafficking behavior and outline mechanisms underlying the functional diversification of leukocyte responses. In this context, we discuss important areas of future inquiry and the implications of this scientific space for clinical medicine in the era of targeted immunomodulation.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunityPub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.007
Róisín M. McManus, Max P. Komes, Angelika Griep, Francesco Santarelli, Stephanie Schwartz, Juan Ramón Perea, Johannes C.M. Schlachetzki, David S. Bouvier, Michelle-Amirah Khalil, Mario A. Lauterbach, Lea Heinemann, Titus Schlüter, Mehran Shaban Pour, Marta Lovotti, Rainer Stahl, Fraser Duthie, Juan F. Rodríguez-Alcázar, Susanne V. Schmidt, Jasper Spitzer, Peri Noori, Michael T. Heneka
{"title":"NLRP3-mediated glutaminolysis controls microglial phagocytosis to promote Alzheimer’s disease progression","authors":"Róisín M. McManus, Max P. Komes, Angelika Griep, Francesco Santarelli, Stephanie Schwartz, Juan Ramón Perea, Johannes C.M. Schlachetzki, David S. Bouvier, Michelle-Amirah Khalil, Mario A. Lauterbach, Lea Heinemann, Titus Schlüter, Mehran Shaban Pour, Marta Lovotti, Rainer Stahl, Fraser Duthie, Juan F. Rodríguez-Alcázar, Susanne V. Schmidt, Jasper Spitzer, Peri Noori, Michael T. Heneka","doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) via the release of IL-1β and ASC specks. However, whether NLRP3 is involved in pathways beyond this remained unknown. Here, we found that Aβ deposition <em>in vivo</em> directly triggered NLRP3 activation in APP/PS1 mice, which model many features of AD. Loss of NLRP3 increased glutamine- and glutamate-related metabolism and increased expression of microglial <em>Slc1a3</em>, which was associated with enhanced mitochondrial and metabolic activity. The generation of α-ketoglutarate during this process impacted cellular function, including increased clearance of Aβ peptides as well as epigenetic and gene transcription changes. This pathway was conserved between murine and human cells. Critically, we could mimic this effect pharmacologically using NLRP3-specific inhibitors, but only with chronic NLRP3 inhibition. Together, these data demonstrate an additional role for NLRP3, where it can modulate mitochondrial and metabolic function, with important downstream consequences for the progression of AD.","PeriodicalId":13269,"journal":{"name":"Immunity","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}