Ting Yu, Jiaqi Gao, Xiancui Su, Bingyuan Zhang, Ragini Singh
{"title":"Hybrid Nanostructure-Functionalized Nano-doped Optical Fiber Probe for Rapid and Sensitive Triclocarban Monitoring.","authors":"Ting Yu, Jiaqi Gao, Xiancui Su, Bingyuan Zhang, Ragini Singh","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3728638","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3728638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triclocarban (TCC) serves as a highly effective antimicrobial agent with a broad range of applications, often found in daily chemical cleaning and disinfection products. Its accumulation in organisms poses ecological risks and potential health hazards. Therefore, it is essential to detect TCC quickly and with high sensitivity. A multi-taper optical fiber biosensor (OFB) based on local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) was developed for the immediate and label-free identification of TCC in everyday chemical products. The sensor utilizes multi-mode fiber (MMF) along with a specialized type of nano-doped fiber (NDF). Nano-doped optical fibers feature intensified evanescent field and high sensing sensitivity with favorable environmental stability. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were fixed to the taper section of the sensing fiber probe for generating LSPR. Potassium manganate nanoflowers (KMO-NFs) and nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) were also utilized to alter the fiber probe's surface, enhancing the sensor's specific surface area and accelerating its electronic response, thereby improving its performance. The sensing surface was coated with a TCC antibody in this work. Experimental results show that the biosensor maintained a high degree of linear correlation in the 0-100 μg/L range and a limit of identification is 9.87 μg/L. Examinations confirmed that this biosensor possesses outstanding stability, reproducibility, reusability, selectivity, and adaptability to different pH levels. Real sample tests also yielded satisfactory recoveries, proving the accuracy and reliability of the method, which has good prospects for TCC detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repurposing the Escherichia coli HU as a Universal dsDNA Amplicon Detection Tool.","authors":"Ankur Ruhela, Monica Choudhary, Vasso Skouridou, Lluis Masip","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3724260","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3724260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA binding proteins interact with DNA in a sequence-specific manner or indiscriminately without sequence specificity. While these properties make them highly attractive for assay development, their use as DNA biorecognition elements has remained limited. In this work, we describe a new application using the non-sequence specific Escherichia coli histone-like HU protein for general DNA detection. We engineered a single-chain HU heterodimer (scHupBA) that exhibits high binding affinity for double-stranded DNA (≥50 bp) and considerably lower affinity for single-stranded DNA. By combining this protein with a scHupBA-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, we developed an assay capable of detecting PCR amplicons, either post-purification or directly within a PCR reaction, using microtiter plates and magnetic beads. This system efficiently detected DNA fragments >100 bp regardless of sequence, with detection signals increasing non-linearly with fragment length. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a non-sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding protein for general DNA detection. The approach described herein is target-independent, it does not require any primer modification or labeling nor the use of expensive reagents. It is an overall cost-effective and efficient method for universal dsDNA amplicon detection, especially for rapid analysis of amplification reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of Primers for DNA-Based Storage Systems.","authors":"Siddhartha Siddhiprada Bhoi, Abhay Kumar Singh, Kishan","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3720321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2026.3720321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To enable random access in artificial DNA-based storage systems, it is essential to develop a balanced and stable address sequence with minimal cross-correlation, ensuring address independence. The goal of our paper is to design primers suitable for use as addresses within these systems. We extend the construction of secondary structure-avoiding DNA codes from [1] and modify these codes to create primers that meet the necessary specifications. To achieve the desired functionality, the paper presented three methods of primer construction. The first method generates the set of 13<sup>8</sup> primer sequences of length 64 which are mutually uncorrelated, while the other constructions generate a much higher number of primer sequences with weak uncorrelatedness. Finally, the paper concludes with the analysis and the examples for each construction. We also stimulated the primers under insertion, deletion, and substitutuion channels and also provided a further direction for the scheme.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Medical Data Imputation Using a Denoising Autoencoder with Missing-Neighborhood Perturbation.","authors":"Huamei Qi, Chen Cao, Wenhui Yang, Lei Deng","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3714127","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3714127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In real-world clinical settings, the diverse types and unknown causes of missing data in tabular medical datasets pose significant challenges for accurate imputation. In particular, non-random missingness-where missing values are related to unobserved variables-limits the effectiveness of many existing imputation models. To address these challenges, we propose a robust and generalized imputation method: Multiple Imputation based on Neighborhood Perturbation Denoising Autoencoder (MI_NPDAE). MI_NPDAE identifies optimal donor records by leveraging neighborhood information, which is used as input to the autoencoder. The model reconstructs perturbed inputs to learn robust feature representations around missing regions, while the introduction of additive noise exposes the model to a variety of missingness patterns, enhancing its adaptability. We evaluate MI_NPDAE on two datasets: a publicly available Breast dataset and a lung cancer nutrition dataset from the Chinese Anti-Cancer Society. Experimental results demonstrate that MI_NPDAE consistently outperforms baseline methods across various missing mechanisms and ratios, maintaining lower imputation errors. Moreover, the imputed data significantly improves performance in downstream predictive tasks, highlighting the practical value of our approach in clinical data analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James K Nolan, Adam Barmash Rubinchik, Ankit Shah, Anke M Tukker, Angel Enriquez, Kshitiz Gupta, Maya Godbole, Hyunjin Kim, Melinda A Lake-Speers, Steven T Wereley, Chongli Yuan, Aaron B Bowman, Hyowon Lee
{"title":"A Transparent, Microfluidic Lab On A Chip For Multi-Modal Cell Culture Monitoring For Neurotoxicity Research.","authors":"James K Nolan, Adam Barmash Rubinchik, Ankit Shah, Anke M Tukker, Angel Enriquez, Kshitiz Gupta, Maya Godbole, Hyunjin Kim, Melinda A Lake-Speers, Steven T Wereley, Chongli Yuan, Aaron B Bowman, Hyowon Lee","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3710101","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3710101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying neurotoxicological responses in a physiologically relevant and translatable manner remains a major challenge in biomedical research. Consequently, there has been a major push toward establishing human tissue-native approaches in research and diagnostic pipelines. Here, we present a transparent microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform integrating an embedded array of enzymatic electrochemical glutamate sensors for real-time monitoring of extracellular neurotransmitter dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (hiPSC) neuronal cell cultures. The system enables continuous, multimodal-compatible interrogation of cellular responses under controlled microenvironmental conditions. We validated the platform by measuring glutamate dynamics in under baseline conditions and following exposure to the environmental neurotoxins methylmercury (MeHg) and manganese (Mn); both known to alter glutamate dynamics. The sensors exhibited stable operation over more than one week in culture and reliably detected glutamate transients with concentrations up to 120 μM glutamate. MeHg exposure resulted in significant alterations in extracellular glutamate relative to control conditions, indicating disrupted glutamate homeostasis. Similarly, neuronal cultures exposed to 500 μM Mn for 24 h demonstrated significantly altered glutamate uptake dynamics. These results validate the proposed platform as a robust tool for investigating neurotoxin-induced perturbations in glutamatergic signaling and demonstrate the feasibility of integrating electrochemical enzymatic sensing into microfluidic systems for neurotoxicity research and discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Integrated Electrochemical Biosensor Array Enabling Extracellular Vesicles Disruption and Multiplexed Lung Cancer Biomarker Detection","authors":"Nusrat Praween;Thattungal Manoharan Anoop;Palash Kumar Basu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3680013","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3680013","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce the EV-Disrupt and Detect System (EDDS), an innovative, portable biosensor utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the swift, low-volume, and economical assessment of extracellular vesicle (EVs)-related lung cancer biomarkers. The EDDS combines electric field-induced EVs disruption with the simultaneous detection of 4 critical biomarkers: TSG101, EGFR, GPC1, and GM2AP, directly from serum. EVs disruption occurred within 30 seconds utilizing a 50 mV, 1 kHz square wave, with disruption efficiency validated by nanoparticle tracking analysis (93.9%) and Western blotting to ensure protein integrity. Post-disruption, the released cargo was quantified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) across 4 specialized screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), with results corroborated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA). The electric field parameters (voltage, frequency, and duration) were optimized with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$150~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L of serum, yielding a 0.218–2.809-fold enhancement in detectable biomarker concentrations. The EDDS markedly decreases processing time, cost, and technological complexity by obviating the necessity for traditional EVs isolation techniques such as ultracentrifugation or chromatography. This integrated platform facilitates direct EVs disruption and multiplexed biomarker identification within a singular workflow, providing a robust instrument for minimally invasive cancer diagnostics and advancing broader clinical applications in liquid biopsy.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 3","pages":"391-401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianyi Gong;Hui Lv;Shihua Zhou;Bin Wang;Edmund Ming Kit Lai
{"title":"Dislocated Projective Synchronization of Parameter-Perturbed Hyperchaotic Systems Based on DNA Strand Displacement and Its Secure Communication","authors":"Jianyi Gong;Hui Lv;Shihua Zhou;Bin Wang;Edmund Ming Kit Lai","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3665789","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3665789","url":null,"abstract":"DNA strand displacement (DSD) has enabled significant advances in chaotic secure communication. However, DSD-based drive–response systems often suffer from limited complexity and rigid dynamic control, reducing their adaptability under complex biochemical conditions. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a Dislocated Perturbation Secure Communication (DPSC) scheme based on DSD mechanisms. First, a hyperchaotic system is designed according to the dual-rail representation and law of mass action, integrating emergence, catalysis, fasciation, and annihilation modules. The Chen hyperchaotic system is employed as a parameter perturbation source, and an active perturbation strategy is introduced to emulate nonlinear biochemical fluctuations. Subsequently, a DSD-based Dislocated Perturbation Controller (DPC) is constructed to achieve dislocated projective synchronization, ensuring system stability and accurate dynamic mapping between the drive and response states. Finally, the perturbation-driven hyperchaotic signal is utilized for secondary encryption of the drive signal, significantly enhancing communication security. Numerical simulations confirm that the DPSC-encrypted signal exhibits enhanced complexity and improved resilience to external disturbances as compared to traditional chaotic masking techniques. Furthermore, the receiver is capable of reconstructing the initial signal with high fidelity and without distortion.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 3","pages":"321-331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Method to Accelerate the Phagocytosis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Macrophages Based on Optically Induced Dielectrophoresis","authors":"Mingao Du;Lixiang Zheng;Fei Liu;Na Liu;Gongxin Li","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3656608","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3656608","url":null,"abstract":"<italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (<italic>S. cerevisiae</i>) can be used to treat diarrhea and the diseases associated with malaria, but it may cause invasive infections in individuals with weakened immune systems. While antibiotics are available for treating these infections, they can also produce side effects in the body. Additionally, macrophages in the human immune system can engulf infected <italic>S. cerevisiae</i>, but they have some limitations, including a relatively weak active chemotactic response and a prolonged engulfing process. To address this, this paper proposes a novel method to enhance the phagocytosis of <italic>S. cerevisiae</i> by macrophages using optically induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP). ODEP is a cellular micromanipulation technique that directs phagocytes towards <italic>S. cerevisiae</i> cells, significantly improving phagocytosis efficiency. Furthermore, the optical electrodes created by ODEP expedite the phagocytosis process. To validate this approach, the optimal operating parameters for ODEP were determined through a combination of numerical simulations and experiments, enabling the swift and precise capture of phagocytes targeting <italic>S. cerevisiae</i>. A comparative experiment was conducted to assess macrophage phagocytosis of <italic>S. cerevisiae</i> with and without the aid of optical electrodes. Results showed that the time required for macrophages to engulf <italic>S. cerevisiae</i> was reduced by 50%, highlighting a promising method for the early prevention or accelerated treatment of invasive <italic>S. cerevisiae</i> fungal infections.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 3","pages":"301-311"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neha Bhusari;Prabhat Kumar Sharma;Avinash G. Keskar
{"title":"Unified Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Anomalous Diffusion for Nano-Bio Molecular Communication","authors":"Neha Bhusari;Prabhat Kumar Sharma;Avinash G. Keskar","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3679584","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3679584","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyze molecular communication (MC) channels governed by spatio-temporal anomalous diffusion (STAD), a phenomenon commonly observed in complex biological environments such as intracellular transport and microfluidic systems. We consider that information molecules (IMs) undergo anomalous diffusion while the mobile nanomachines, transmitter (TX) and passive observer follow Brownian mobility. A unified mathematical framework is developed to characterize this time varying stochastic channel via the channel impulse response (CIR) across diverse observer geometries: point and bar shaped in one-dimensional (1-D) settings, and cuboidal, spherical, and cylindrical in three-dimensional (3-D) environments. Classical diffusion is included as a special case of the STAD model. Performance is evaluated using average error probability (AEP), receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC) metrics to study the impact of mobility and space–time anomalies. Analytical results are validated through Monte Carlo simulations, offering insights relevant to nano-bio communication and drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 3","pages":"371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147591767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MSGTrans: circRNA-Disease Association Prediction With Cluster-Based Negative Sampling and Multi-Scale Graph Transformer","authors":"Jing Yang;Xiujuan Lei","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3679349","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2026.3679349","url":null,"abstract":"Circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute significantly to various biological processes, with their stable structures and regulatory functions, circRNAs are gaining attention for their biomarker potential and therapeutic applications in human diseases. However, the wet-lab experiments for identifying the associations between circRNAs and diseases are time-consuming and expensive, necessitating the development of efficient computational methods. Here, a novel computational method, MSGTrans, is developed for predicting circRNA-disease associations, specifically, the model integrates multi-source nodes and cluster-based negative sampling is applied to address the imbalance of associations, then multi-scale graph transformers and cross-scale attention mechanism are designed to capture both local and global features of nodes, finally, LightGBM is introduced to predict the associations between circRNAs and diseases. Experimental results demonstrate that MSGTrans outperforms several state-of-the-art methods, offering reliable circRNA candidates for specific diseases.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 3","pages":"381-390"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147591718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}