Nasir Assad, Hina Ahmad, Azhar Abbas, Muhammad Fayyaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad Naeem-Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Sher, Tehreem Riaz, Marzia Batool Laila, Iram Zahra, Farhad Ullah, Yasir Assad
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Equisetum diffusum: Characterization, Antibacterial Potential, Effects on Plant Growth.","authors":"Nasir Assad, Hina Ahmad, Azhar Abbas, Muhammad Fayyaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad Naeem-Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Sher, Tehreem Riaz, Marzia Batool Laila, Iram Zahra, Farhad Ullah, Yasir Assad","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Equisetum diffusum (D ED) aqueous extract and evaluates their nanofertilizer and antibacterial potential. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, DLS, TGA, and DSC, confirming their stability, spherical morphology, and high purity. The UV-Vis spectrum established a peak at 371 nm, and SEM analysis revealed an average particle size of 18.66 nm. The zeta potential measurement of -52.34 mV indicated excellent dispersion stability. The impact of SeNPs on plant growth was assessed through a five-week experiment with tomato plants. Plants treated with low and medium concentrations of SeNPs (Group 3 and 4) showed significant improvements in growth parameters, with 120.75 % and 120.03 %, respectively, compared to 101.37 % in the negative control. Leaf length and width also demonstrated notable enhancements. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs was tested against phytopathogens, Xanthomonas spp Citrus limetta and Solanum lycopersicum, along with human pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The SeNPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects, with zones of inhibition measuring 26, 21, 31, 24, 36, and 24 mm, respectively. The MIC values ranged from 20 to 30 μL, and MBC values ranged from 30 to 40 μL. These results show the potential of biogenic SeNPs as effective nanofertilizer that enhance crop productivity and as antibacterial agents, offering a sustainable and environmental friendly alternative for agricultural and microbial management applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Size-Dependent Effects of Phyllanthus niruri Nanoemulsions on Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity and Cellular Responses in TM4 Sertoli Cells.","authors":"Ebrahim Sadaqa, Diky Mudhakir","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The therapeutic benefits of Phyllanthus niruri (PN) are well-known, particularly in traditional medicine. Nanoemulsion technology has enhanced its bioavailability and efficacy, but potential nanotoxic effects, especially on male reproductive health, are not fully understood. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of Phyllanthus niruri nanoemulsions (PNNE) of different sizes on TM4 Sertoli cells, focusing on their effects on the blood-testis barrier (BTB). PNNE of two distinct sizes, were prepared using spontaneous emulsification. The cytotoxicity of these formulations was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated through an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the expression of BTB proteins, claudin 11 and connexin 43, was examined via immunofluorescence analysis. PNNE were synthesized with droplet sizes of 16.9 ± 3.31 nm and 163.7 ± 8.53 nm. The smaller PNNE exhibited higher cytotoxicity (IC50 = 160.6 ± 8.3 μg/mL) compared to the larger PNNE (IC50 = 324.4 ± 12.5 μg/mL) and caused more significant DNA damage, as evidenced by the comet assay Both sizes led to a reduction in BTB protein expression, with the smaller nanoparticles causing more pronounced disruption. The study highlights the crucial role of nanoparticle size in determining the biological effects of PNNE on TM4 Sertoli cells. Smaller PNNE were found to be more detrimental to BTB integrity and cellular health, emphasizing the need for careful size optimization in the development of nanoemulsion-based therapies. These findings contribute to the understanding of nanotoxicity in the context of male reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vlasta Demeckova, Veronika Demcakova, Jana Sedlakova-Kadukova
{"title":"Differences in immunological impact of chemically and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles.","authors":"Vlasta Demeckova, Veronika Demcakova, Jana Sedlakova-Kadukova","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3564822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3564822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for their antimicrobial properties but pose risks like environmental contamination and potential harm to human health. Nanoparticles' small size facilitates translocation within the body, often bringing them into contact with blood. Most toxicological research focuses on chemically synthesized AgNPs (CAgNPs) and their effects on microbes and animal cells. Fewer studies explore biologically synthesized AgNPs (BAgNPs) on animal cells, and their impact on blood components is uncertain with varied findings due to differences in size and stability. This study examined BAgNPs' effects on blood components in healthy and diseased states, using algae Parachlorella kessleri for synthesis. Nanoparticle size and morphology were assessed via TEM and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Exposure to BAgNPs resulted in an increased number of echinocytes, reduced neutrophils, and decreased leukocyte viability. Unlike CAgNPs, BAgNPs did not increase macrophage proliferation. Differences in biological properties between BAgNPs and CAgNPs stem from their colloidal stability in varying environments. CAgNPs, stabilized electrostatically, exhibited greater aggregation in environments with higher salinity and lower pH, diminishing their biological effects in human blood. Hence, electrostatically stabilized chemically produced AgNPs may not be suitable for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hoang Phuong Uyen Nguyen, Hoang Van Huy Dai, Anh Hue Luong, Wei-Chih Lin
{"title":"Biosynthesis of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Platostoma palustre Aqueous Extract for Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Hoang Phuong Uyen Nguyen, Hoang Van Huy Dai, Anh Hue Luong, Wei-Chih Lin","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3563382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3563382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study highlights the structural, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), synthesized successfully using Hsiantsao aqueous extract as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional chemical methods. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was assessed through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The XRD spectra of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are showed size average of 7 nm and 24-44 nm, respectively. AgNPs demonstrated notable antioxidant properties, achieving 70%±0.68 DPPH scavenging and 75%±0.82 ABTS inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL. ZnONPs showed superior efficacy, with 47.43%± 0.68 DPPH scavenging and 80%±0.82 ABTS inhibition, as well as robust reducing power in the FRAP assay, comparable to standard ascorbic acid. Antibacterial assays revealed that AgNPs were particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, while ZnONPs exhibited activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative strains. Additionally, ZnONPs demonstrated exceptional anti-inflammatory potential, inhibiting protein denaturation by up to 91% at 0.01 mg/mL. These structural and functional characteristics position AgNPs and ZnONPs as promising candidates for biomedical applications. These findings underscore the versatility of AgNPs and ZnONPs in advancing modern healthcare solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of ZnO/Graphene Thin Film Alcohol Sensor.","authors":"Routu Santosh, Anuriddh Bahadur Yadav, Ball Mukund Mani Tripathi, Rahul Checker, Pankaj Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3563456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3563456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experimental and theoretical realization of 10% graphene doped ZnO/Graphene thin film alcohol sensor has been reported. The alcohol sensor has been fabricated by sol-gel method and theoretically verified by DFT-based first principle calculations. The quality of the fabricated device has been studied using SEM and UV measurements. To determine its figures-of-merit, the conductivity, transfer characteristics, and response measurements have been analyzed. In addition, the device has undergone three different exposures of alcohol concentrations such as Brandy, Whiskey, and Rum with varying exposure times.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Linear Machine Learning Method Based on DNA Hybridization Reaction Circuit","authors":"Chengye Zou;Qiang Zhang;Bin Wang;Changjun Zhou;Yongwei Yang;Xuncai Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3559480","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3559480","url":null,"abstract":"DNA hybridization reaction is a significant technology in the field of semi-synthetic biology and holds great potential for use in biological computation. In this study, we propose a novel machine learning model based on a DNA hybridization reaction circuit. This circuit comprises a computation training component, a test component, and a learning algorithm. Compared to conventional machine learning models based on semiconductors, the proposed machine learning model harnesses the power of DNA hybridization reaction, with the learning algorithm implemented based on the unique properties of DNA computation, enabling parallel computation for the acquisition of learning results. In contrast to existing machine learning models based on DNA circuits, our proposed model constitutes a complete synthetic biology computation system, and utilizes the “dual-rail” mechanism to achieve the DNA compilation of the learning algorithm, which allows the weights to be updated to negative values. The proposed machine learning model based on DNA hybridization reaction demonstrates the ability to predict and fit linear functions. As such, this study is expected to make significant contributions to the development of machine learning through DNA hybridization reaction circuits.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"374-385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3551711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3551711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10941706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced Redundant Residue Number System Codes for Reliable Diffusive Molecular Communication","authors":"Liwei Mu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553183","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553183","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an improved redundant residue number system (RRNS) encoding method to enhance the reliability of information transmission in diffusive molecular communication (DMC). In addressing the 2-1 mapping issue in RRNS encoding, we propose a simplified low-mapping solution that effectively avoids the 2-1 mapping problem, thereby simplifying the decoding process. Leveraging the superior performance of the low-mapping algorithm, we further developed a direct decision algorithm that further simplifies the decoding algorithm by omitting the traditional minimum distance decision-making steps. Furthermore, this study delves into the impact of modulus selection on RRNS decoding performance and provides guidelines for optimizing code construction. Through simulation experiments on DMC channels, we have validated the effectiveness of the proposed RRNS encoding method, especially when employing binary concentration shift keying (BCSK) modulation and considering intersymbol interference (ISI). The simulation results show that the proposed encoding method not only significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER) but also fully meets the requirements of DMC systems, offering a promising new direction for the development of molecular communication technology. With these improvements, our method not only enhances the reliability of information transmission in DMC systems but also lays a solid foundation for future research and applications in molecular communication technology.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"366-373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Heteroatom-Doped Polymer-Coated Nanomaterials for Slow and Controlled Drug Release in the Physiological Microenvironment","authors":"Nargish Parvin;Tapas Kumar Mandal;Sang Woo Joo","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy. The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). The drug delivery capabilities of PEG@NP-CDs were assessed, and their sensitivity to variations in pH value was studied. The hydrothermal reaction successfully yielded NP-CDs with distinctive fluorescence properties, exhibiting green fluorescence at 430 nm and varying emission peaks depending on the excitation wavelength used. The subsequent coating of NP-CDs with carboxyl-mounted PEG resulted in PEG@NP-CDs, which demonstrated biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery applications. The MTT assay confirmed the high biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs, rendering them suitable for biomedical applications. The study successfully developed a straightforward method to synthesize CDs doped with nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited green fluorescence and sensitivity to excitation wavelengths. These nanomaterials have potential for imaging living tissue cells and achieving slow drug release. Their drug delivery capabilities, especially pH sensitivity, make them promising for targeted therapy, particularly in tumors. The biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs further supports their safe biomedical use. Overall, PEG@NP-CDs offer a valuable tool for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery, with promising applications in tumor detection and therapy.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"395-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}