IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Expand Your Network","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3678675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3678675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"498-498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11474714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Band Topological Filter Antenna on a Silicon Chip for Terahertz Wireless Communication","authors":"Sonu Kumar;Manoj Gupta;Thomas Caiwei Tan;Arokiaswami Alphones;Ranjan Singh","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637118","url":null,"abstract":"Topological edge states have emerged as a promising solution for integrated devices at microwave and terahertz (THz) frequencies due to their low-loss wave propagation characteristics. In this article, we propose an on-chip THz topological dual-band filter antenna on the silicon platform for high-speed communication, sensing, and imaging applications. The design leverages the topological phenomenon of valley photonic crystals to integrate filtering and radiating functionalities into a single structure. By carefully engineering the edge state bands, the design supports distinct frequency edge states that enable dual-band operation between 340 and 374 GHz (lower band: 340–355 GHz; higher band: 363–374 GHz) with an incorporation of an 8 GHz guard band. The single-fed filter antenna achieves a realized gain of 12 dBi at 350 GHz in the lower band and 10.5 dBi at 365 GHz in the higher band, with reduced coupling losses. The structure exhibits a flat group delay of 1 ns in free space over a wide bandwidth, making it suitable for high-speed wireless communication. This work showcases the potential of dual-band filter antenna design for 6G communication systems and THz sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin Superconducting Films as Reflectors for High-$Q$ Terahertz Fabry–Pérot Resonators","authors":"A. Terentiev;A. Melentev;A. G. Shishkin;M. S. Sidelnikov;Z. V. Gagkaeva;V. S. Stolyarov;B. P. Gorshunov;E. S. Zhukova","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648678","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we fabricate Fabry–Pérot resonators by depositing superconducting Mo<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.6}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Re<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> films with thicknesses of 10, 20, and 30 nm (critical temperatures <inline-formula><tex-math>$T_{c} = 6.7$</tex-math></inline-formula>, 7.4, and 7.7 K, respectively) on both sides of plane-parallel slabs of highly resistive silicon. Using time-domain and coherent source spectroscopy, we determine the terahertz spectra of the complex ac conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the films from the measured transmission coefficient spectra of the resonators in the range of 3–50 cm<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> (90 GHz to 1.5 THz) at temperatures of 2.5–300 K. The obtained frequency and temperature dependences of the conductivity and permittivity spectra are well described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) theory within single-gap approximation. We extract and analyze the temperature dependencies of the superconducting energy gap, the London penetration depth, and the superconducting condensate plasma frequency. The ratio <inline-formula><tex-math>$2Delta (0)/k_{B} T_{c} approx 4.05$</tex-math></inline-formula> is found to be slightly higher than the BCS weak-coupling value of 3.52, indicating a moderately strong coupling regime in the studied Mo<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.6}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Re<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> films. The critical temperature <inline-formula><tex-math>$T_{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and the zero-temperature superconducting energy gap <inline-formula><tex-math>$2Delta (0)$</tex-math></inline-formula> are found to decrease with decreasing film thickness, a behavior that is associated with the reduction of the superconducting order parameter due to the contribution of surface states to the free energy. The dramatic increase in the reflectivity of the Mo<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.6}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Re<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{0.4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> films and drop in losses in the superconducting state lead to a significant improvement in the performance of the Fabry–Pérot resonators, expressed in the enhanced quality factor <inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula> and the finesse <inline-formula><tex-math>$F$</tex-math></inline-formula> of the interferometric resonances. For example, at <inline-formula><tex-math>$T = 2.5$</tex-math></inline-formula> K, the resonator with the 30-nm-thick films exhibits <inline-formula><tex-math>$Q = 830$</tex-math></inline-formula> (resonances at 5.8 and 8.8 cm<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula><tex-math>$F = 580$</tex-math></inline-formula> (resonance at <inline-formula><tex-math>$approx 3$</tex-math></inline-formula> cm<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula>; full width at half ma","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"393-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concept Study of the Heterodyne Spectroscopy Instrument (HSI) for the Proposed Far-IR Spectroscopy Space Telescope (FIRSST)","authors":"Martina C. Wiedner;Andrey Baryshev;Paul Grimes;Victor Belitsky;Vincent Desmaris;Yan Delorme;Juan-Daniel Gallego;Cristina García-Miró;Uma Gorti;Paul Hartogh;Cornelia E. Honingh;Bernd Klein;Jean-Michel Krieg;Gary Melnick;Sebastiano Ligori;Boon-Kok Tan;Bertrand Thomas;Volker Tolls;Jeanne Treuttel;Jérôme Valentin;David L. Clements;Ray Blundell;Asantha Cooray;Meredith MacGregor;Ronald J. Vervack","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3671953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3671953","url":null,"abstract":"The heterodyne spectroscopy instrument (HSI) is a focal plane array receiver (FPA) for the Far-IR Spectroscopy Space Telescope (FIRSST), a proposal submitted to NASA’s astrophysics probe explorer call. Though FIRSST was not selected for further study, the receiver design allowed us to quantitatively demonstrate that small (few to few tens of pixels) heterodyne FPAs are now feasible for space missions, that they can be built with high technology readiness level components, are reliable and fit within the mass/volume/power constraints of medium to large missions. The design also identified the challenges and critical design considerations, in particular great care needs to be taken to minimize the cryogenic heat load of the cryogenic IF amplifiers and to keep the power consumption of the spectrometer backends low. The HSI was designed primarily to study the trail of water from the interstellar medium to planets and to observe the important low-lying transitions of water and its isotopes between 500 and 2000 GHz undetectable from the ground due to Earth’s atmosphere. HSI has a spectral resolving power of up to 10⁷ (0.03 km/s), ideal for kinematic studies or line tomography. HSI has six 5-pixel-arrays covering 3 frequency bands and 2 linear polarizations. The concept study showed that heterodyne array receivers such as HSI can be built today even for fast missions and that they are powerful and versatile instruments, with low-risk technology capable of opening up the THz sky at very high spectral resolving power for new discoveries.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"487-495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perturbed Resonance Frequency Analysis for Imaging Epidermal Thickness and Water Content Using Terahertz Spectroscopy","authors":"Pouyan Rezapoor;Aleksi Tamminen;Juha Ala-Laurinaho;Dan Ruan;Zachary Taylor","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637149","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we propose a novel perturbed resonance frequency analysis method where the modified, THz frequency, Fabry–Pérot resonances of a tissue loaded quartz window are used to quantify superficial skin layer thickness and water content. The superficial layer is treated as an unknown matching layer between the quartz window and deep epidermis and resolution of the longitudinal modes provides a unique mapping from resonance frequency and width to layer water content and thickness. The approach is experimentally validated with a telecentric beam scanning system coupled to VNA extender operating in the 330–500 GHz band. The system is used to observe the dynamic effects of stinging nettle exposure on in vivo human skin over a 52 × 52 mm² field-of-view. Spectroscopic imaging revealed an immediate decrease in resonance frequency and width of up to 15 GHz and 20 GHz, respectively, compared to unperturbed skin, which maps to a 30 <inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m increase in thickness and 25% decrease in water content. This immediate response was followed by a gradual recovery to pre-exposed values. These findings demonstrate additional dielectric window utility in terahertz biomedical spectroscopy in imaging beyond the standard field flattening and system calibration roles.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11268937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Terahertz-Detection Sensitivity of $8 times 8$ FET Arrays Through Liquid-Nitrogen Cooling in a Compact Low-Noise Cryostat","authors":"Jakob Holstein;Nicholas K. North;Arne Hof;Sanchit Kondawar;Dmytro B. But;Mohammed Salih;Lianhe Li;Edmund H. Linfield;A. Giles Davies;Joshua R. Freeman;Alexander Valavanis;Alvydas Lisauskas;Hartmut G. Roskos","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3665013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3665013","url":null,"abstract":"We show that the sensitivity of antenna-coupled field-effect transistors (FETs) to terahertz (THz) radiation improves continuously with decreasing temperature. The noise-equivalent power (NEP) of 540 GHz patch-antenna-coupled FETs decreases as temperature reduces to <inline-formula><tex-math>$20 ,{mathrm{K}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. We project NEP values approaching 1–2pW/<inline-formula><tex-math>$sqrt{mathrm{Hz}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> under efficient power coupling conditions (e.g., using a superstrate Si-lens), which is comparable to superconducting niobium transition-edge sensorsat <inline-formula><tex-math>$4 ,{mathrm{K}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Building on these findings, a compact, low-noise, liquid-nitrogen-cooled (<inline-formula><tex-math>$77 ,{mathrm{K}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) FET-based direct (incoherent) THz-power sensing system for spectroscopy applications was realized. Here, an 8×8 pixel-binned detector array fabricated in a commercial 65-nm Si-CMOS process, was optimized for operation in the 2.85–<inline-formula><tex-math>$3.4 ,mathrm{THz}$</tex-math></inline-formula> band. Characterization was performed in the focal plane of a 2.85-THz quantum-cascade laser delivering <inline-formula><tex-math>$sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>2 mW of THz power. A linear dynamic range exceeding <inline-formula><tex-math>$67 ,{mathrm{dB}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> was achieved without saturation (for 1 Hz-detection bandwidth). The system provides a <inline-formula><tex-math>$-3 ,{mathrm{dB}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> readout bandwidth of <inline-formula><tex-math>$5 ,{mathrm{MHz}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, exceeding that of conventional thermal detectors (typically <inline-formula><tex-math>$1 ,{mathrm{kHz}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>). Combined with its broad temperature operability (20–<inline-formula><tex-math>$300 ,mathrm{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and compact design, the system is particularly well suited for space- and payload-constrained platforms such as balloon- and satellite-based missions, where deep cryogenic coolingis impractical.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"463-475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Create Change: IEEE","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3684285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3684285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 5","pages":"620-620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11494160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3682165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3682165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 5","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11494159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Broadband and High-Efficiency Microbump Antenna-on-Chip Based on Parasitic-Mode Control With Ultra-Thin Substrate","authors":"Xuan Liu;Huibo Wu;Yongjian Zhang;Wenhua Chen;Yue Li","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3668391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3668391","url":null,"abstract":"Microbump antenna offers a viable antenna-on-chip (AoC) solution to achieve high radiation efficiency using standard semiconductor processes. This letter presents a feasible method for broadening the bandwidth of terahertz microbump antenna while preserving its high efficiency. Instead of introducing additional microbump structures, two pairs of lossy parasitic strips are used to introduce high-efficiency parasitic resonance, while enabling differential mode in each strip pair to mitigate the in-band gain deterioration. The proposed antenna is fabricated using the 65 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and the standard flip-chip technology. Compared with the existing on-chip microbump antennas, the proposed method enhances the bandwidth from 2.8% to 5.7%, achieving an efficiency of 42% and a gain of 3.85 dBi on a substrate with a thickness of 0.006<italic>λ</i>₀, providing an implementable solution for high-performance AoCs for subterahertz integrated circuits.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 5","pages":"607-611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Low-Complexity Neural Equalizer for Nonlinear Compensation in Photonics-Assisted Terahertz Wireless Links Beyond 500 GHz","authors":"Liang Zhao;Yanyi Wang;Dongju Du;Yingxiong Song;Zhengxuan Li;Nan Ye;Qianwu Zhang;Junjie Zhang;Min Zhu;Jiao Zhang;Mingxu Wang;Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648184","url":null,"abstract":"Photonics-assisted terahertz (THz) communication beyond 500 GHz has emerged as a key enabler for future 6G wireless networks, but faces critical signal impairments such as phase noise, intersymbol interference (ISI), and nonlinear distortion caused by optoelectronic devices. The deep convolutional neural network (Deep-CNN) equalizers have been utilized at the receiver digital signal processing to mitigate signal impairments. However, traditional Deep-CNN equalizers face the issue of high computational complexity. Thus, we propose and demonstrate a low-complexity nonlinear equalizer CNN-biGRU-Attention-pruning (CNN-biGRU-A-P) for a THz wireless communication beyond 500 GHz. We introduce <inline-formula><tex-math>$mathcal {L}_{1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> -structured pruning, knowledge distillation, and the AdamW optimizer into the model to significantly reduce computational complexity and parameter count, while keeping the accuracy degradation within 3%. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the traditional Deep-CNN, the proposed CNN-biGRU-A-P reduces computational complexity by 96.8% and achieves a gain in receiver sensitivity of 0.5–0.8 dB. Meanwhile, the number of parameters of CNN-biGRU-A-P is reduced by 93.2% compared to the traditional Deep-CNN. The proposed CNN-biGRU-A-P nonlinear equalizer maintains high performance while significantly reducing computational complexity, thereby offering an efficient approach to mitigating nonlinear impairments in THz wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 5","pages":"525-537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}