IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"1550-Nm-Pumped InAs-Based Terahertz Modulator Integrated in a WR1.0 Waveguide","authors":"Julien Guise;Hajasoa Ratovo;Fernando Gonzalez-Posada Flores;Pierre Fehlen;Monique Thual;Jean-Claude Simon;Jeffrey Hesler;Theodore Reck;Laurent Cerutti;Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez;Philippe Nouvel;Annick Pénarier;Emmanuel Centeno;Thierry Taliercio;Stéphane Blin","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3652817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3652817","url":null,"abstract":"We present a terahertz intensity modulator optically controlled at 1550 nm and integrated within a standard hollow-core rectangular waveguide operating in the 0.75–1.1 THz frequency range (WR1.0 standard). The relevant figures of merit for the component are presented; including insertion losses below 5 dB, average modulation depth of 70%, and a modulation bandwidth of 15 MHz. An analytical model relating the photogenerated carrier lifetime to the modulator bandwidth is presented.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"406-416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Flat-Gain 255–315 GHz Power Amplifier With 15.5 dBm Maximum P$_{text{sat}}$ and 5.5% $eta _{c}$ in 130 nm Advanced SiGe BiCMOS Technology","authors":"Mohamed Hussein Eissa;Aniello Franzese;Batuhan Sutbas;Corrado Carta;Gerhard Kahmen","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3663271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3663271","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a two-way J-band power amplifier (PA) with a flat-gain response and high saturated output power (P<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{text{sat}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>). The PA is manufactured in an advanced IHP 130-nm BiCMOS technology with experimental <inline-formula><tex-math>$f_{T}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math>$f_{text{max}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> of 470 and 650 GHz, respectively. The PA is designed to achieve the state-of-the-art P<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{text{sat}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and collector efficiency (<inline-formula><tex-math>$eta _{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) across a wide bandwidth while maintaining a flat-gain response. The design methodology to achieve these goals is presented. The PA consists of three-cascaded amplification stages with gain staggered interstage matching. The distribution and combining passives also serve as the matching networks for the amplification stages. The fabricated PA was measured demonstrating a maximum collector efficiency of 5.5% at a saturated output power of 15.5 dBm. These results were achieved with a small-signal gain of 20 dB, a flat gain response of <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>0.6 dB from 255 to 315 GHz. With 0.16 mm<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{text{2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> of occupied silicon area, this design is well suited for J-band transmitting arrays for communication and sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"438-441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3676639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3676639","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11474713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-Structured Polyethylene Windows for Low-Loss Transmission in Wideband Cryogenic Terahertz Systems","authors":"François Joint;Igor Lapkin;Pierre-Baptiste Vigneron;Emilie Hérault;Denis Meledin;Alexei Pavolotsky;Magnus Strandberg;Sven Erik Ferm;Mathias Fredrixon;Leif Helldner;Erik Sundin;Victor Belitsky;Vincent Desmaris","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3655493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3655493","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a broadband vacuum window and infrared filter based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) for millimeter-wave receivers operating across ALMA Band 6 and 7 (211–373 GHz). The window incorporates pyramidal anti-reflection structures, machined directly into the polyethylene using computer numerical control (CNC) machining, which provide impedance matching over a broad frequency range. The structured UHMWPE method is implemented in two distinct components: a vacuum window and a cryogenic infrared filter. This surface-structuring approach provides mechanical robustness, cryogenic compatibility, and low insertion loss. We characterize the transmission properties using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy, which demonstrates reflection below 5% across the full band. Complementary heterodyne measurements confirm improved receiver noise performance. These results establish 3D-structured UHMWPE as a promising platform for broadband cryogenic optics in high-sensitivity THz instrumentation.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"449-456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11358766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Gain Transmitarray Lens Antenna Transceiver for Terahertz Communications","authors":"Zebin Huang;Qun Zhang;Feifan Han;Hao Wang;Shuyi Chen;Weichao Li;Xiongbin Yu;Xiaofeng Tao","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3638129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3638129","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a high gain and broadband transmitarray (TA) lens antenna transceiver for point-to-point high data rate terahertz (THz) wireless communication link. The THz transceiver employs a standard feed horn integrated with a 3-D-printed bracket to enhance the gain and bandwidth of the TA lens antenna, where the TA lens antenna adopts a “sandwich” architecture composed of a V-shaped copper rotator, a dielectric substrate, and a grating. The resonant design of unit cells facilitates full phase control across 0 to 360° by polarization conversion at frequencies between 0.20 and 0.26 THz. Experimental results indicate the fabricated TA lens antenna attains a peak gain of 36.1 dBi and aperture efficiency of 54.45% at 0.244 THz, with a 3-dB bandwidth exceeding 33 GHz. We successfully employed the TA lens antenna to a THz wireless communication experiment. We achieved a single-carrier modulation 100 Gbps data link at a symbol rate of 20 Gbaud for 32-quadrature amplitude modulation (32-QAM), and achieved a bit-error rate of 1.5 × 10⁻² without forward-error correction. This proposed TA lens antenna transceiver offers a high-gain, compact solution for achieving high data rate THz communications.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"417-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Efficiency, Coupler-Based D-Band InP PA Stages With Output Power Above 16.4 dBm","authors":"Dongyang Yan;Adam Cooman;Mark Ingels;Yang Zhang;Piet Wambacq","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3654237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3654237","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a systematic design and comparison of D-band differential power amplifier (PA) stages in a 250-nm InP HBT technology, focusing on enhancing efficiency and stability. We introduce a horizontal-finger common-base layout that achieves robust stability without the performance trade-offs of conventional stabilization techniques. Two coupler-based output matching networks—a transformer-like coupler (TLC) and a straight-line coupler (SLC)—are implemented to evaluate the trade-offs between single-unit performance and power combining scalability. The TLC-based PA achieves a 33.6% collector efficiency (CE) with 17.5 dBm saturated output power (Psat) at 140 GHz, maintaining >25% CE across 120–150 GHz. The SLC-based PA demonstrates an alternative path optimized for series power combining. This work provides design insights into stable power cores and efficient combining topologies for future THz.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"442-446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expand Your Network","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3678675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3678675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"498-498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11474714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Band Topological Filter Antenna on a Silicon Chip for Terahertz Wireless Communication","authors":"Sonu Kumar;Manoj Gupta;Thomas Caiwei Tan;Arokiaswami Alphones;Ranjan Singh","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3637118","url":null,"abstract":"Topological edge states have emerged as a promising solution for integrated devices at microwave and terahertz (THz) frequencies due to their low-loss wave propagation characteristics. In this article, we propose an on-chip THz topological dual-band filter antenna on the silicon platform for high-speed communication, sensing, and imaging applications. The design leverages the topological phenomenon of valley photonic crystals to integrate filtering and radiating functionalities into a single structure. By carefully engineering the edge state bands, the design supports distinct frequency edge states that enable dual-band operation between 340 and 374 GHz (lower band: 340–355 GHz; higher band: 363–374 GHz) with an incorporation of an 8 GHz guard band. The single-fed filter antenna achieves a realized gain of 12 dBi at 350 GHz in the lower band and 10.5 dBi at 365 GHz in the higher band, with reduced coupling losses. The structure exhibits a flat group delay of 1 ns in free space over a wide bandwidth, making it suitable for high-speed wireless communication. This work showcases the potential of dual-band filter antenna design for 6G communication systems and THz sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin Superconducting Films as Reflectors for High-$Q$ Terahertz Fabry–Pérot Resonators","authors":"A. Terentiev;A. Melentev;A. G. Shishkin;M. S. Sidelnikov;Z. V. Gagkaeva;V. S. Stolyarov;B. P. Gorshunov;E. S. Zhukova","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3648678","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we fabricate Fabry–Pérot resonators by depositing superconducting Mo&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.6}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;Re&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.4}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; films with thicknesses of 10, 20, and 30 nm (critical temperatures &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$T_{c} = 6.7$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;, 7.4, and 7.7 K, respectively) on both sides of plane-parallel slabs of highly resistive silicon. Using time-domain and coherent source spectroscopy, we determine the terahertz spectra of the complex ac conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the films from the measured transmission coefficient spectra of the resonators in the range of 3–50 cm&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$^{-1}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; (90 GHz to 1.5 THz) at temperatures of 2.5–300 K. The obtained frequency and temperature dependences of the conductivity and permittivity spectra are well described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) theory within single-gap approximation. We extract and analyze the temperature dependencies of the superconducting energy gap, the London penetration depth, and the superconducting condensate plasma frequency. The ratio &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$2Delta (0)/k_{B} T_{c} approx 4.05$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; is found to be slightly higher than the BCS weak-coupling value of 3.52, indicating a moderately strong coupling regime in the studied Mo&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.6}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;Re&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.4}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; films. The critical temperature &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$T_{c}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; and the zero-temperature superconducting energy gap &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$2Delta (0)$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; are found to decrease with decreasing film thickness, a behavior that is associated with the reduction of the superconducting order parameter due to the contribution of surface states to the free energy. The dramatic increase in the reflectivity of the Mo&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.6}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;Re&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$_{0.4}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; films and drop in losses in the superconducting state lead to a significant improvement in the performance of the Fabry–Pérot resonators, expressed in the enhanced quality factor &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$Q$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; and the finesse &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$F$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; of the interferometric resonances. For example, at &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$T = 2.5$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; K, the resonator with the 30-nm-thick films exhibits &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$Q = 830$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; (resonances at 5.8 and 8.8 cm&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$^{-1}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;) and &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$F = 580$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; (resonance at &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$approx 3$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; cm&lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$^{-1}$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;; full width at half ma","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"393-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concept Study of the Heterodyne Spectroscopy Instrument (HSI) for the Proposed Far-IR Spectroscopy Space Telescope (FIRSST)","authors":"Martina C. Wiedner;Andrey Baryshev;Paul Grimes;Victor Belitsky;Vincent Desmaris;Yan Delorme;Juan-Daniel Gallego;Cristina García-Miró;Uma Gorti;Paul Hartogh;Cornelia E. Honingh;Bernd Klein;Jean-Michel Krieg;Gary Melnick;Sebastiano Ligori;Boon-Kok Tan;Bertrand Thomas;Volker Tolls;Jeanne Treuttel;Jérôme Valentin;David L. Clements;Ray Blundell;Asantha Cooray;Meredith MacGregor;Ronald J. Vervack","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3671953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2026.3671953","url":null,"abstract":"The heterodyne spectroscopy instrument (HSI) is a focal plane array receiver (FPA) for the Far-IR Spectroscopy Space Telescope (FIRSST), a proposal submitted to NASA’s astrophysics probe explorer call. Though FIRSST was not selected for further study, the receiver design allowed us to quantitatively demonstrate that small (few to few tens of pixels) heterodyne FPAs are now feasible for space missions, that they can be built with high technology readiness level components, are reliable and fit within the mass/volume/power constraints of medium to large missions. The design also identified the challenges and critical design considerations, in particular great care needs to be taken to minimize the cryogenic heat load of the cryogenic IF amplifiers and to keep the power consumption of the spectrometer backends low. The HSI was designed primarily to study the trail of water from the interstellar medium to planets and to observe the important low-lying transitions of water and its isotopes between 500 and 2000 GHz undetectable from the ground due to Earth’s atmosphere. HSI has a spectral resolving power of up to 10⁷ (0.03 km/s), ideal for kinematic studies or line tomography. HSI has six 5-pixel-arrays covering 3 frequency bands and 2 linear polarizations. The concept study showed that heterodyne array receivers such as HSI can be built today even for fast missions and that they are powerful and versatile instruments, with low-risk technology capable of opening up the THz sky at very high spectral resolving power for new discoveries.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"16 4","pages":"487-495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}