Autism Research最新文献_第5页

Is it still autism? The increasing broadening of the autism spectrum 还是自闭症吗？自闭症谱系的不断扩大。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3282

Marco O. Bertelli, Veronica Boniotti, Katrina Scior

{"title":"Is it still autism? The increasing broadening of the autism spectrum","authors":"Marco O. Bertelli, Veronica Boniotti, Katrina Scior","doi":"10.1002/aur.3282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3282","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical significance of a broad autism phenotype (BAP) seems to be increasingly supported by growing reports of high prevalence of subthreshold autism spectrum disorder (sASD) or autistic traits (AT) in various demographic samples, particularly in individuals with psychiatric conditions. We question this increasing extension of the autism spectrum and its potential negative consequences for clinical services, research, cultural attitudes, and resource allocation, as well as alternative explanations of what is currently attributed to sASD and AT.In modern psychiatry the diagnostic threshold is paramount and associated with a significant impairment of functioning, implying that symptom specificity is more relevant than sensitivity. Within a syndrome, symptoms have to be present together, with the parts related to and interconnected with the whole. Single autism symptomatic dimensions have low syndromic specificity and can be observed in many different mental disorders. For instance, communication problems may present in communication disorders, social-cognitive difficulties can be found in schizophrenia, and rigid and/or repetitive behaviors can be found in obsessive compulsive disorder. One alternative interpretation of AT and/or sASD relates to personality traits. For example, within the Big 5 Model, low openness is associated with a dislike of change and a narrow range of interests, low extraversion with social withdrawal and coldness, and low agreeableness with disinterest in others and disregard for their feelings.These risks of overreliance on non-specific aspects of autism are particularly likely to occur with screening checklists, self-assessment, or assessment by a lay interviewer with only limited expertise in clinical assessment.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure and dynamics of anxiety in people with ASD and ID: A network analysis ASD和ID患者焦虑的结构和动态：一个网络分析。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3285

Gema P. Sáez-Suanes

引用次数: 0

The potential of exercise to benefit and harm social-cognitive abilities 运动对社会认知能力的潜在益处和危害。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3288

Sebastian Ludyga, Markus Gerber

引用次数: 0

Children's social preference for teachers versus peers in autism inclusion classrooms: An objective perspective 自闭症包容课堂中儿童对老师和同伴的社会偏好：一个客观的视角。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3276

Madison Drye, Chitra Banarjee, Lynn Perry, Alyssa Viggiano, Dwight Irvin, Daniel Messinger

{"title":"Children's social preference for teachers versus peers in autism inclusion classrooms: An objective perspective","authors":"Madison Drye, Chitra Banarjee, Lynn Perry, Alyssa Viggiano, Dwight Irvin, Daniel Messinger","doi":"10.1002/aur.3276","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3276","url":null,"abstract":"In inclusive preschools, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities (DD) are less socially engaged with peers than are typically developing (TD) children. However, there is limited objective information describing how children with ASD engage with teachers, or how teacher engagement compares to engagement with peers. We tracked over 750 hours' worth of children's (N = 77; NASD = 24, NDD = 23, NTD = 30; Mage = 43.98 months) and teachers' (N = 12) locations and orientations across eight inclusion preschool classrooms to quantify child-teacher and child-peer social preference. Social approach velocity and time in social contact were computed for each child and compared across social partners to index children's preference for teachers over peers. Children with ASD approached teachers–-but not peers—more quickly than children with TD, and children with ASD were approached more quickly by teachers and more slowly by peers than children with TD. Children with ASD spent less time in social contact with peers and did not differ from children with TD in their time in social contact with teachers. Overall, children with ASD showed a greater preference for approaching, being approached by, and being in social contact with teachers (relative to peers) than children with TD. No significant differences emerged between children with DD and children with TD. In conclusion, children with ASD exhibited a stronger preference for engaging with teachers over peers, re-emphasizing the need for classroom-based interventions that support the peer interactions of children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"179-194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exercise and autism spectrum disorder: Further considerations on cognitive and emotional impacts 运动与自闭症谱系障碍：对认知和情绪影响的进一步考虑。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3279

Lizhen Huang, Mingbang Wang, Wenxian Huang, Minyu Zhang, Wei He

引用次数: 0

Assessing the causal association between celiac disease and autism spectrum disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization approach 评估乳糜泻与自闭症谱系障碍之间的因果关系：双样本孟德尔随机化方法。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3257

Abiodun Fatoba, Claire Simpson

{"title":"Assessing the causal association between celiac disease and autism spectrum disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization approach","authors":"Abiodun Fatoba, Claire Simpson","doi":"10.1002/aur.3257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3257","url":null,"abstract":"The association between celiac disease (CD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains inconclusive. Reports from different observational studies have become controversial, necessitating exploration of the causal relationship between CD and ASD. To assess true causality, this study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal association between CD and ASD. Summary-level data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the European population were used to select instrument variables (IVs) at genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10−8). The strength of IVs was also evaluated with F-statistics. The inverse variance weighted method (IVW) was the primary MR analysis, supported by other MR tests such as the weighted median method and weighted mode. The presence of horizontal pleiotropy was tested with MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO while other sensitivity analyses such as heterogeneity, leave-one-out analysis, and scatterplot were used to assess the validity of our MR results. Our study did not show an association between CD and ASD (OR, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.935–1.057; p = 0.859). There was also no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (MR-Egger intercept = 0.015; p-value = 0.223) and heterogeneity (Q = 14.029; p-value = 0.051). These results were also complemented by the leave-one-out analyses, forest plot, and scatter plot, which showed that none of the SNPs influenced the result. The result of this study shows that CD is not causally associated with ASD.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who, when, where, and why: A systematic review of “late diagnosis” in autism 谁、何时、何地、为何？自闭症 "晚期诊断 "的系统回顾。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3278

Alison S. Russell, Tyler C. McFayden, Margaret McAllister, Kimberly Liles, Sophie Bittner, John F. Strang, Clare Harrop

{"title":"Who, when, where, and why: A systematic review of “late diagnosis” in autism","authors":"Alison S. Russell, Tyler C. McFayden, Margaret McAllister, Kimberly Liles, Sophie Bittner, John F. Strang, Clare Harrop","doi":"10.1002/aur.3278","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3278","url":null,"abstract":"An autism diagnosis can be a critical milestone toward effective and affirming support. Despite the sharp increase in the number of studies focused on late diagnosis over the last 15 years, there remains no consensus as to what constitutes a late diagnosis of autism, with cutoffs ranging from infancy to middle adulthood. This preregistered systematic review evaluated (a) the field's current quantification of late diagnosis in autism, (b) how the threshold for late diagnosis varies as a function of demographic and population factors, and (c) trends over time. Of the 11,697 records retrieved, N = 420 articles met inclusion criteria and were extracted. Articles spanned 35 years (1989–2024) and included participants from every continent except Antarctica. Only 34.7% of included studies provided a clear threshold for “late diagnosis” (n = 146/420). Late diagnosis cutoffs averaged 11.53 years (range = 2–55 years; median = 6.5 years) with a bimodal distribution (3 and 18 years). The threshold for late diagnosis varied by participant location, F(5,140) = 10.4, p < 0.0001, and sample age, F(5,140) = 20.1, p < 0.0001. Several key rationales for age determinations emerged, including access to services, considerations for adult diagnoses, and data driven approaches. What authors consider to be a “late” diagnosis of autism varies greatly according to research context. Justifications for a specific late-diagnosis age cutoff varied, underscoring the need for authors to contextualize their conceptualizations.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"22-36"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Heterogeneity of Self-Injurious Behaviors in Autistic Youth: Patterns, Predictors, and Implications for Intervention 探索自闭症青少年自伤行为的异质性：自闭症青少年自伤行为的异质性探索：模式、预测因素和干预意义》（Patterns, Predictors, and Implications for Intervention.

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3269

Emily F. Ferguson, Emily Spackman, Ru Ying Cai, Antonio Y. Hardan, Mirko Uljarević

{"title":"Exploring the Heterogeneity of Self-Injurious Behaviors in Autistic Youth: Patterns, Predictors, and Implications for Intervention","authors":"Emily F. Ferguson, Emily Spackman, Ru Ying Cai, Antonio Y. Hardan, Mirko Uljarević","doi":"10.1002/aur.3269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3269","url":null,"abstract":"Self-injurious behaviors (SIB) encompass a heterogeneous set of self-inflicted aggressive behaviors that are highly prevalent in autistic youth. Existing research on SIB in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been limited by significant methodological and conceptual inconsistencies. Thus, the current study leveraged item-level data capturing the severity of unique SIB topographies to further understanding of factors associated with distinct SIB in a sample of 582 autistic youth (Mage = 12.12, SDage = 3.68; range: 3–19 years; 13% females). Results suggest variation in severity endorsements for specific SIB topographies amongst autistic youth, such that 30%–50% of caregivers endorsed slight to very serious concern regarding the SIB topographies of bites nails/skin/fingers, scratches self, hits head/face/neck, bangs head against things, and picks skin. Generalized additive models demonstrated distinct patterns of associations between each SIB topography and dysregulation, sensory hypersensitivity, age, sex, IQ, and language level. Findings underscore the importance of exploring SIB as a multifaceted construct to capture unique correlates of distinct SIB that vary in severity and functional impact, which is critical for the development of effective interventions. This study represents an important step towards more individualized characterization of SIB and support for diverse presentations of these behaviors in autistic youth.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"133-151"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orienting to and away from the eyes in infants at high likelihood for autism when scanning faces 自闭症高风险婴儿在扫描面孔时的眼睛朝向和远离。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3270

Qiandong Wang, Ying Han, Yixiao Hu, Xue Li, Jing Liu, Hui Fang, Tianbi Li, Yanmei Chang, Li Yi

{"title":"Orienting to and away from the eyes in infants at high likelihood for autism when scanning faces","authors":"Qiandong Wang, Ying Han, Yixiao Hu, Xue Li, Jing Liu, Hui Fang, Tianbi Li, Yanmei Chang, Li Yi","doi":"10.1002/aur.3270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.3270","url":null,"abstract":"This study employed eye-tracking technology to investigate the mechanisms underlying reduced gaze towards the eyes in infants at high likelihood (HL) for autism, specifically examining whether it results from avoidance triggered by heightened arousal when looking at the eyes or due to indifference to the eyes (i.e., unwilling to orient to the eyes). Infants at HL for autism and typically developing (TD) infants aged within 24 months were tested. In the experiment, participants' gaze was initially guided to the eye or mouth region immediately before the onset of the face. Latency to orient away from the guided regions, latency to orient to the eyes, and the location of the secondary fixation following the onset of the face were measured. The results showed that: (1) The HL infants looked less at eyes than TD infants; (2) Compared with TD infants, HL infants oriented towards eyes more slowly after being guided to the mouth; (3) After being guided to the eyes, HL infants' secondary fixation fell less in the eye region, and their latency to orient away from the eyes was also tended to be shorter. These results suggest that reduced eye-looking time was presented in HL infants, which was further explained by both eye avoidance and indifference to the eyes. Our study contributes theoretically to understanding the atypical face scanning pattern in autistic people and its related underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, our study provides important insights into the development of early screening tools and intervention protocols for autistic people.","PeriodicalId":131,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"166-178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paradoxical relationship between cognitive abilities and camouflaging: Insights from ADHD and autism and its implications for neurodiversity research 认知能力与伪装之间的矛盾关系：多动症和自闭症的启示及其对神经多样性研究的影响。

IF 5.3 2区医学

Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3268

Tina Taherkhani, Amir Hossein Memari

引用次数: 0