{"title":"Flexible Restart Mechanism for Successive Cancellation Flip Decoding of Polar Codes","authors":"Xue Xiyue;He Meilin;Guo Rui","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3465393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3465393","url":null,"abstract":"Polar codes can achieve near-capacity performance under low-complexity successive cancellation (SC) decoding. However, short to medium-length block codes exhibit insufficient error-correction performance with the SC algorithm, which limits their practical applications. Although the successive cancellation flip (SCF) decoder improves SC performance, its variable execution time poses challenges in certain scenarios. The simplified restart mechanism (SRM) reduces the execution time of SCF decoders through conditional restart of the additional trials from the second half of the codeword. However, regardless of the position of the flipped bit on the RHS, additional decoding trials can only start from a fixed restart position, which limits efficiency improvements. This letter proposes a flexible restart mechanism (FRM), introducing multiple optional restart positions to further optimize the simplified restart mechanism, reducing both execution time and its variability. In simulations, we used P(1024, 128) and P(2048, 256) polar codes to compare the performance of SCF decoders embedding with FRM and SRM. The results indicate that, compared to the SCF decoder, the SCF decoder with FRM reduces average execution time, average additional execution time, execution time variance, and median additional execution time by 14.95%, 63.42%, 86.55%, and 58.20%, respectively. Compared to the SCF decoder embedding with SRM, FRM achieves improvements in these metrics by 5.15%, 23.14%, 20.24%, and 29.71%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2459-2463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subcarrier Interleaved Index Modulation Assisted OFDM Backscatter Communication","authors":"Dongdong Mou;Lixia Xiao;Miaoran Peng;Jiaxi Zhou;Guanghua Liu;Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467669","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose a subcarrier interleaved index modulation assisted orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SIIM-OFDM) scheme for backscatter system. Specifically, the tag data vector, modulated with subcarrier index modulation (IM), is reconstructed leveraging the combined permutation and Hadamard matrix to mitigate the sensitivity of the inter-carrier interference. Then we derive the average bit error probability (ABEP) for the SIIM-OFDM backscattered signal and analyze the asymptotic detection performance bound of the proposed system. Furthermore, a hardware verification prototype is built to validate the proposed scheme. Experimental results and simulations validate that the proposed SIIM-OFDM backscatter achieves significant performance gains compared to the existing schemes.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2533-2537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuai Lyu;Yao Sun;Linke Guo;Xiaoyong Yuan;Fang Fang;Lan Zhang;Xianbin Wang
{"title":"Improving Channel Resilience for Task-Oriented Semantic Communications: A Unified Information Bottleneck Approach","authors":"Shuai Lyu;Yao Sun;Linke Guo;Xiaoyong Yuan;Fang Fang;Lan Zhang;Xianbin Wang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466995","url":null,"abstract":"Task-oriented semantic communications (TSC) enhance radio resource efficiency by transmitting task-relevant semantic information. However, current research often overlooks the inherent semantic distinctions among encoded features. Due to unavoidable channel variations from time and frequency-selective fading, semantically sensitive feature units could be more susceptible to erroneous inference if corrupted by dynamic channels. Therefore, this letter introduces a unified channel-resilient TSC framework via information bottleneck. This framework complements existing TSC approaches by controlling information flow to capture fine-grained feature-level semantic robustness. Experiments on a case study for real-time subchannel allocation validate the framework’s effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2623-2627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impulsive Noise Suppression Network for Power Line Communication","authors":"Shuiqing Ouyang;Guojin Liu;Tiancong Huang;Yuanbo Liu;Weiyang Xu;Yucheng Wu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466893","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes a multi-features space domain fusion network (MFSDF-Net) to address impulsive noise suppression issues in power line communication (PLC) systems. As an end-to-end model, the proposed deep learning algorithm eliminates the need for designing null subcarriers in the original signals and fitting the data distribution at the receiver side. By utilizing parallel convolutional kernels to extract and fuse details from different domains of the signals, MFSDF-Net effectively captures dynamic changes. This enables it to more accurately and effectively identify and suppress impulsive noise, thus addressing the shortcomings of existing algorithms that inadequately identify impulsive noise and exhibit the bit error ratio (BER) floor effect. Simulation results show that with perfect channel estimation, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a BER of 1e-5 is 18 dB for this model, compared to 26 dB or higher for others, indicating an 8 dB improvement. With imperfect channel estimation, this model achieves an SNR of 30 dB at a BER of 1e-5, while other algorithms exhibit a BER floor effect.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2628-2632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gangfei Hu;Yukun Yang;Pingping Shang;Yuyang Peng;Poongundran Selvaprabhu;Han Hai
{"title":"Low-Complexity Huffman Coding-Based Adaptive Spatial Modulation","authors":"Gangfei Hu;Yukun Yang;Pingping Shang;Yuyang Peng;Poongundran Selvaprabhu;Han Hai","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467169","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive spatial modulation (ASM) is a novel technology in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which dynamically adjusts the modulation order of the transmit antenna based on the constantly changing channel state information (CSI). The combination of ASM and Huffman coding, using the Huffman method, allows for flexible spatial symbols to provide different activation probabilities for the transmit antenna. However, the exhaustive search conducted by Huffman-ASM requires a large number of candidate combinations to identify the optimal modulation combination. This results in high computational complexity and a heavy feedback burden. To address the challenge, this letter proposes a low-complexity algorithm based on the Huffman-ASM scheme. This scheme does not include all candidate combinations in the calculation but directly selects several optimal candidate combinations based on channel gain sorting; therefore, it reduces system complexity and alleviates the burden on the feedback path. The simulation results indicate that, compared to the conventional scheme, the proposed scheme exhibits only a slight decrease in performance while significantly reducing computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2468-2472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Robust Physical Layer Key Generation Algorithm for Ultra-Wideband Ranging Process","authors":"Jianghao Wu;Haoyu Wu;Yun Chen","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466954","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has been widely used for low-cost accurate ranging and positioning. To ensure communication security, a secret key must be derived before every ranging session. However, this process introduces significant latency and requires additional hardware. Therefore, this letter proposes a low-cost physical layer key generation algorithm that leverages the characteristics of multi-path channels for authentication and encryption. By effectively utilizing channel impulse response (CIR) and channel features, the proposed approach significantly reduces the key disagreement rate (KDR). Moreover, a scrambled timestamp sequence (STS) assisted error correction method is also proposed to further reduce the KDR. Simulation results demonstrate that, for a 128-bit physical key, the proposed scheme achieves a 0.5% KDR and over 83% STS matching rate at a 10 dB Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). By utilizing several generation processes, the proposed algorithm can efficiently generate the physical layer key during the ranging session.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2478-2482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast Adaptive Intelligent Beam Training Method for mmWave Networks","authors":"Ziyan Lin;Jiamin Li;Pengcheng Zhu;Dongming Wang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3467100","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we consider a downlink millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission model with the objective of efficiently reducing beam training overhead and maximizing long-term average spectral efficiency. We propose a fast adaptive intelligent beam training algorithm based on a model-agnostic meta-reinforcement learning framework to interactively extract statistical information from mmWave environments and promptly detect beam failure by leveraging the spatial sparsity of mmWave channels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits rapid adaptability to dynamic communication environments and significantly enhances the spectral efficiency compared to existing algorithms.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2618-2622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nway Nway Ei;Kitae Kim;Yan Kyaw Tun;Zhu Han;Choong Seon Hong
{"title":"Data Service Maximization in Space-Air-Ground Integrated 6G Networks","authors":"Nway Nway Ei;Kitae Kim;Yan Kyaw Tun;Zhu Han;Choong Seon Hong","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3465500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3465500","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks has emerged as a promising paradigm to fulfill the constantly growing demand for connectivity, low transmission delay, and quality of services (QoS). This integration brings together the strengths of the reliability of terrestrial networks, broad coverage and service continuity of non-terrestrial networks like low earth orbit satellites (LEOSats), etc. In this work, we study a data service maximization problem in space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) where the ground base stations (GBSs) and LEOSats cooperatively serve the coexisting aerial users (AUs) and ground users (GUs). Then, by considering the spectrum scarcity, interference, and QoS requirements of the users, we jointly optimize the user association, AU’s trajectory, and power allocation. To address the formulated mixed-integer non-convex problem, we decompose it into two subproblems: 1) user association problem and 2) trajectory and power allocation problem. We formulate the user association problem as a binary integer programming problem and solve it by using the Gurobi optimizer. Meanwhile, the trajectory and power allocation problem is solved by the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) method to cope with the problem’s non-convexity and dynamic network environments. Then, the two subproblems are alternately solved by the proposed block coordinate descent algorithm. By comparing with the baselines in the existing literature, extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2598-2602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Doppler Shift Compensation Assisted by RIS Systems in High-Mobility Communications","authors":"Pedro H. C. de Souza;Luciano Mendes","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3466562","url":null,"abstract":"The Doppler shift in the signal frequency caused by the relative movement of the receiver is considered to be detrimental for communication systems. Although this problem has been studied extensively, it is still relevant given the renewed interest on high-mobility communications. On the other hand, novel solutions such as the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can be repurposed for tackling the Doppler shift in high-mobility communication systems. Despite not being its usual primary goal, we show in this work that the RIS can compensate the Doppler shift at a small cost in performance.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2658-2662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Communications Based on Probabilistic Constellation Shaping: Optimal Detection and Performance Analysis","authors":"Jingcan Chen;Yuankun Tang;Miaowen Wen;Liping Li","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3464695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3464695","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) has been shown to be effective for molecular communications. Reed-Solomon coded PCS (RS-PCS) is one of the promising realizations proposed recently that combines PCS and channel coding through a parallel transmitter structure. However, the current receiver designed for RS-PCS often misdetects the intra-sequence interference (IEI), resulting in a performance gap. To address this shortcoming, we propose two performance-enhanced detectors. The first one combines increase detection algorithm (IDA) and RS-PCS to enhance the accuracy of IEI detection. The second one is the joint maximum-likelihood detection (joint ML) that has the optimal performance in terms of bit error rate (BER), which is derived theoretically. Simulation results verify their better performance than existing RS-PCS schemes.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2508-2512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}