Ngoc M. Ngo;Trung T. Nguyen;Phuc H. Nguyen;Van-Dinh Nguyen
{"title":"Energy-Aware Resource Allocation for Energy Harvesting Powered Wireless Sensor Nodes","authors":"Ngoc M. Ngo;Trung T. Nguyen;Phuc H. Nguyen;Van-Dinh Nguyen","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529729","url":null,"abstract":"Low harvested energy poses a significant challenge to sustaining continuous communication in energy harvesting (EH)-powered wireless sensor networks. This is mainly due to intermittent and limited power availability from radio frequency signals. In this letter, we introduce a novel energy-aware resource allocation problem aimed at enabling the asynchronous accumulate-then-transmit protocol, offering an alternative to the extensively studied harvest-then-transmit approach. Specifically, we jointly optimize power allocation and time fraction dedicated to EH to maximize the average long-term system throughput, accounting for both data and energy queue lengths. By leveraging inner approximation and network utility maximization techniques, we develop a simple yet efficient iterative algorithm that guarantees at least a local optimum and achieves long-term utility improvement. Numerical results highlight the proposed approach’s effectiveness in terms of both queue length and sustained system throughput.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"542-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-Frequency Domain PTRS Aided OTFS Phase Noise Compensation","authors":"Yu Liang;Xiangjun Li;Pingzhi Fan","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529310","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal time frequency Space (OTFS) modulation was developed to mitigate the adverse effects of Doppler shifts. However, accurately estimating phase noise within the delay-Doppler (DD) domain remains a formidable challenge. This letter delves into the compensation of carrier phase error (CPE) and its impact on OTFS modulation performance. To achieve this, a time-frequency (TF) domain-aided phase noise estimation scheme is proposed. First, a superimposed pilot scheme is introduced, in which the superimposed phase-tapped reference symbols (PTRS) are employed in the TF domain for estimating the CPE. Subsequently, a method that utilizes pilots in the DD domain to estimate the DD domain channel, and PTRSs in the TF domain to estimate the CPE is proposed. Through an iterative algorithm bridging these domains, the proposed scheme adeptly compensates for CPE in the DD domain. Simulation results demonstrate superior performance in terms of normalized mean squared error (NMSE) and bit error rate (BER), particularly in scenarios involving oscillator phase noise in both 28 GHz and 70 GHz systems.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"527-531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Secrecy Capacity in Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems Using Pilot-Based Codebook Artificial Noise","authors":"Yebo Gu;Haozhen Qu;Tao Shen","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3529214","url":null,"abstract":"This letter investigates the use of pilot-based codebook artificial noise (PCAN) in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems to enhance physical layer security. ISAC technology integrates communication and sensing through shared resources, emphasizing the need for secure strategies. PCAN allows the receiver to extract information from the pilot codebook, effectively removing interference and increasing secrecy capacity. The non-convex secrecy capacity optimization problem is addressed by decomposing it into simpler subproblems. A semidefinite relaxation (SDR) and alternating optimization algorithm is proposed to maximize secrecy capacity while maintaining sensing accuracy. Simulation results show significant improvements, particularly at low and moderate Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), with consistent gains at high SNRs. This work underscores the role of optimization techniques in enhancing secure communication and balancing secrecy with sensing performance in ISAC systems.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"522-526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Active and Passive Beamforming Optimization for Beyond Diagonal RIS-Aided Multi-User Communications","authors":"Xiaohua Zhou;Tianyu Fang;Yijie Mao","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3528968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3528968","url":null,"abstract":"Benefiting from its capability to generalize existing reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) architectures and provide additional design flexibility via interactions between RIS elements, beyond-diagonal RIS (BD-RIS) has attracted considerable research interests recently. However, due to the symmetric and unitary passive beamforming constraint imposed on BD-RIS, existing joint active and passive beamforming optimization algorithms for BD-RIS either exhibit high computational complexity to achieve near optimal solutions or rely on heuristic algorithms with substantial performance loss. In this letter, we address this issue by proposing an efficient optimization framework for BD-RIS assisted multi-user multi-antenna communication networks. Specifically, we solve the weighted sum rate maximization problem by introducing a novel beamforming optimization algorithm that alternately optimizes active and passive beamforming matrices using iterative closed-form solutions. Numerical results demonstrate that our algorithm significantly reduces computational complexity while ensuring a sub-optimal solution.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"517-521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Admission Control and Power Minimization in IRS-Assisted Networks","authors":"Weijie Xiong;Jingran Lin;Zhiling Xiao;Qiang Li;Yuhan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3528041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3528041","url":null,"abstract":"Joint admission control and power minimization are critical challenges in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted networks. Traditional methods often rely on <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ l_{1} $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm approximations and alternating optimization (AO) techniques, which suffer from high computational complexity and lack robust convergence guarantees. To address these limitations, we propose a sigmoid-based approximation of the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ l_{0} $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm AC indicator, enabling a more efficient and tractable reformulation of the problem. Additionally, we introduce a penalty dual decomposition (PDD) algorithm to jointly optimize beamforming and admission control, ensuring convergence to a stationary solution. This approach reduces computational complexity and supports distributed implementation. Moreover, it outperforms existing methods by achieving lower power consumption, accommodating more users, and reducing computational time.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"512-516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhicheng Liu;Liuquan Yao;Shuai Yuan;Guiying Yan;Zhiming Ma;Yuting Liu
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Perturbation-Enhanced SC Decoders","authors":"Zhicheng Liu;Liuquan Yao;Shuai Yuan;Guiying Yan;Zhiming Ma;Yuting Liu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527693","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we analyze the delay probability of the first error position in perturbation-enhanced Successive cancellation (SC) decoding for polar codes. Our findings reveal that, asymptotically, an SC decoder’s performance does not degrade after one perturbation, and it improves with a probability of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$frac {1}{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. This analysis explains the sustained performance gains of perturbation-enhanced SC decoding as code length increases.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"507-511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Complexity Covariance Matrix Reconstruction Method for Wideband Adaptive Beamforming","authors":"Mengyao Yang;Peng Chen;Tao Luo;Mengjiang Sun","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527636","url":null,"abstract":"The existing wideband adaptive beamforming algorithms suffer severe performance degradation due to overmuch constraints and high computational complexity. Besides, the desired signal is contained in the received signals, which leads to the phenomenon of self-canceling during the beamforming-based interference suppression. In this letter, a covariance matrix reconstruction-based wideband adaptive beamforming algorithm is proposed to maintain excellent interference suppression performance with low computational complexity. Different from the prior methods, a frequency-angle conversion for wideband beamforming is proposed to convert the wideband signal into several narrowband signals. Thus, an interference-plus-noise covariance matrix (IPNCM) for wideband beamforming can be reconstructed by strategies from narrowband beamforming. Meanwhile, a Gauss-Legendre quadrature (GLQ) is introduced to approximate the integral operation, which provides high accuracy and low computational complexity compared to the polynomial summation. Furthermore, a spatial response variation (SRV) constraint is introduced to reduce the number of constraints and obtain more degrees of freedom to promote interference suppression ability. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed beamformer with low computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"502-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Order Code Shift Keying for Ambient Backscatter Communications","authors":"Jixiang Chen;Quansheng Guan;Yue Rong;Chuanlin Liu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3527463","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) is a new advanced technology that utilizes ambient radio frequency signals to enable the communications of battery-free devices and has attracted much attention recently. Existing works develop the high-order modulation in signal domains including the time domain, the frequency domain and the space domain. However, the work in the code domain for AmBC remains missing. In this letter, we extend the high-order modulation to the code domain, i.e., high-order code shift keying (CSK). However, the detection that correlates the received signals with the candidate code cannot work due to the unknown source signals. To detect the active code index, the correlation energy detection (CED) is proposed in which the received signal energy instead of the amplitude is utilized. In this process, CED does not need the channel state information and source power knowledge. Simulation results show that the proposed CED can handle the complex source signal and achieve a desirable bit error rate (BER). The second-order CSK without the training sequences outperforms the on-off keying modulation with training sequences in terms of BER.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"497-501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianpeng Zou;Zheng Shi;Binggui Zhou;Yaru Fu;Hong Wang;Weiqiang Tan
{"title":"Throughput Maximization of HARQ-IR for ISAC","authors":"Jianpeng Zou;Zheng Shi;Binggui Zhou;Yaru Fu;Hong Wang;Weiqiang Tan","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3526865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3526865","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, hybrid automatic retransmission request with incremental redundancy (HARQ-IR) is applied to assist integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). The long term average throughput (LTAT) of HARQ-IR-assisted ISAC is maximized via power allocation while ensuring both communication and sensing reliability as well as total average power budget. Since the LTAT maximization is a non-convex problem, the asymptotic outage approximation is leveraged for problem relaxation. Subsequently, successive convex approximation (SCA) is exploited to convert it into a successive geometric programming (GP) problem. However, the GP-based solution underestimates the LTAT due to the large approximation error of the asymptotic outage probability at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To address this issue, the original problem is transformed to a Markov decision process, which can be solved with deep reinforcement learning (DRL), e.g., deep deterministic policy gradient. Numerical results show that the DRL-based method delivers comparable performance to the GP-based one at high SNR while performing much better than the GP-based method at low SNR, albeit at the cost of higher complexity.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"492-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}