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A Hybrid Attention and SE-Net Architecture for CFO Estimation in MIMO-OFDM Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems 一种用于MIMO-OFDM环境后向散射通信系统CFO估计的混合注意力和SE-Net体系结构
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3643479
Shivani Singh;Surya Pratap Singh;Sudhan Majhi;Udit Satija
{"title":"A Hybrid Attention and SE-Net Architecture for CFO Estimation in MIMO-OFDM Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems","authors":"Shivani Singh;Surya Pratap Singh;Sudhan Majhi;Udit Satija","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3643479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3643479","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient backscatter communication (ABC) is a promising technology for future wireless systems due to its ultra-low-power operation and simplicity. To further enhance its performance, multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) has been adopted in this work. However, carrier frequency offset (CFO) can disrupt the orthogonality of the MIMO-OFDM signal, which significantly degrades the performance of the reader’s receiver. To address this issue, we consider an asynchronous ABC system and propose a deep learning (DL) algorithm to estimate and compensate the CFO at the reader, ensuring reliable communication in MIMO-OFDM-based ABC systems. The proposed architecture integrates a hybrid attention mechanism, which captures inter-dependencies between the two types of extracted features, and a squeeze-and-excitation network that adaptively refines channel-wise feature responses. The proposed architecture can also work for conventional OFDM and MIMO-OFDM systems. Furthermore, to validate the model’s robustness and generalization capability, additional test datasets are generated for various modulation schemes and different 3GPP TR38.901 tapped delay line channel models. The simulation results indicate its outperformance over existing approaches and has lower computational complexity than the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"377-381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148488447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PhySNet: Physics-Inspired Spectral–Spatial Decoupled Attention for Radio Map Estimation 物理启发的频谱-空间解耦关注无线电地图估计
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3705413
Chunyan Qiu;Kangjun Liu;Songfeng Zhong;Yu Zhang;Xinhuai Wang;Ke Chen
{"title":"PhySNet: Physics-Inspired Spectral–Spatial Decoupled Attention for Radio Map Estimation","authors":"Chunyan Qiu;Kangjun Liu;Songfeng Zhong;Yu Zhang;Xinhuai Wang;Ke Chen","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3705413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3705413","url":null,"abstract":"Radio map estimation (RME) plays a critical role in spectrum management and network planning for 5G and beyond. In dense urban environments, however, the received signal strength (RSS) exhibits complex multi-scale characteristics, where smooth large-scale path loss coexists with sharp local variations caused by geometry-induced line-of-sight/non-line-of-sight (LOS/NLOS) transitions. Such heterogeneity poses a significant challenge for RME, especially under sparse sampling conditions. Existing interpolation- and learning-based methods often suffer from severe performance degradation, as they lack intrinsic physical propagation priors to effectively model these heterogeneous patterns. To address this challenge, we propose PhySNet, a physics-inspired framework that explicitly disentangles large-scale trends and local variations through FFT-based spectral decomposition. The resulting decoupled components are then utilized as physics-guided queries in a novel Spectral Cross-Window Attention (SCWA) mechanism, enabling efficient spatial feature aggregation. Subsequently, a spatially aware fusion network further refines the aggregated features by incorporating local environmental semantics. Experimental results on ray-tracing-based urban simulation datasets demonstrate that PhySNet consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of RMSE and spatial consistency, offering a robust and scalable solution for rapid radio map construction in complex electromagnetic environments.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"2426-2430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148488907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual-Carrier Modular Phased Arrays for Near-Field Links: Polarization-Aware QPSK and Performance Evaluation 用于近场链路的双载波模块化相控阵：偏振感知QPSK和性能评估
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3652084
Kosala Herath;Malin Premaratne;Sharadhi Gunathilake;Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas
{"title":"Dual-Carrier Modular Phased Arrays for Near-Field Links: Polarization-Aware QPSK and Performance Evaluation","authors":"Kosala Herath;Malin Premaratne;Sharadhi Gunathilake;Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3652084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3652084","url":null,"abstract":"This letter introduces a polarization-aware phase modulation scheme for dual-carrier modular phased arrays (MPAs) in near-field communications. Using electric dipole-based modeling and complete vector-field analysis, a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) method is realized through carrier-specific phase offsets. Beam-focusing patterns are examined under matched and orthogonal polarization modes with interference, revealing temporal constellation spinning. Simulations show that orthogonal polarization improves spectral efficiency and interference resilience, enabling secure and efficient near-field communications in future wireless networks.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"857-861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148488949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrated Sensing and Communication With Index Modulation Over Pinching Antennas 窄带天线索引调制集成传感与通信
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3647815
Min Liu;Yue Xiao;Jiangong Chen;Shuaixin Yang;Xia Lei;Ming Xiao
{"title":"Integrated Sensing and Communication With Index Modulation Over Pinching Antennas","authors":"Min Liu;Yue Xiao;Jiangong Chen;Shuaixin Yang;Xia Lei;Ming Xiao","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3647815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3647815","url":null,"abstract":"Pinching antennas, as a novel class of low-cost and flexibly controllable antenna systems, offer a promising solution for next-generation wireless applications. In this letter, we propose a pinching antenna-assisted integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework, where index modulation (IM) is employed for efficient data transmission. Simultaneously, the user leverages the line-of-sight (LoS) component to estimate its position, thereby enabling the ISAC functionality. Furthermore, to address the inherent computational challenges, the proposed scheme invokes variational inference for approximating the joint posterior distribution of user location and transmitted symbols. Meanwhile, the prior knowledge of the user’s spatial constraints is incorporated through a turbo-type iterative update mechanism, which significantly enhances the estimation accuracy. Finally, simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of both localization precision and detection reliability.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"737-741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148489540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variational Bayesian Sparse Decision-Feedback Equalization Based on RLS Algorithm in Underwater Acoustic Communications 基于RLS算法的变分贝叶斯稀疏决策反馈均衡在水声通信中的应用
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3649767
Yanbing Fu;Ruijie Shen;Xingbin Tu;Jiaxun Lu;Huajun Bai;Yan Wei;Fengzhong Qu
{"title":"Variational Bayesian Sparse Decision-Feedback Equalization Based on RLS Algorithm in Underwater Acoustic Communications","authors":"Yanbing Fu;Ruijie Shen;Xingbin Tu;Jiaxun Lu;Huajun Bai;Yan Wei;Fengzhong Qu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3649767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3649767","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes a variational Bayesian sparse decision-feedback equalizer (VB-SDFE) based on the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm for underwater acoustic communications. The method employs Bayesian inference to optimize the sparse pre-equalizer coefficients in overlapping subblocks and addresses the sensitivity of RLS-based decision-feedback equalizer (RLS-DFE) to channel variations. Key features include subblock processing with a forgetting factor, variational updates for sparsity control, and Doppler-resistant phase compensation. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm achieves superior and robust performance under different channel conditions. Sea trials demonstrate a 7.8-dB gain in SNR and error-free performance at 21.5 km.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"742-746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148489642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hybrid Spatial and Contextual Learning for Port Selection in Fluid Antenna Systems 流体天线系统中端口选择的混合空间和上下文学习
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3709008
Wenkai Yan;Kai Liang;Xinyu Wang;Jiaxin Liu;Gan Zheng;Kai-Kit Wong;Chan-Byoung Chae
{"title":"Hybrid Spatial and Contextual Learning for Port Selection in Fluid Antenna Systems","authors":"Wenkai Yan;Kai Liang;Xinyu Wang;Jiaxin Liu;Gan Zheng;Kai-Kit Wong;Chan-Byoung Chae","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3709008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3709008","url":null,"abstract":"This letter investigates fast antenna port selection in multiuser transmit-side multiple-input single-output (MISO) fluid antenna systems (Tx-MISO-FAS), where the combinatorial nature of the search space creates a fundamental tradeoff between optimality and latency. To address this challenge, we propose a hybrid spatial and contextual learning framework. Specifically, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) is employed to extract spatial features from instantaneous channel observations, while a frozen large language model (LLM) provides contextual guidance based on statistical descriptors. The two components are integrated through a residual connection to derive the final port selection decision. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves sum-rate performance close to that of the brute-force search and is highly competitive with the greedy method. Moreover, the execution latency can be reduced to approximately 1/150 of that of the greedy method.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"2455-2459"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148489680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Joint Physical Layer and Power Resource Scheduling for GEO Satellite Internet of Things Based on Channel Conditions 基于信道条件的GEO卫星物联网联合物理层与电力资源调度
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3624374
Chunlin Zhang;Yue Liu;Deqian Wang;Chao Yu;Haoran Zhang;Peijin Hu;Ke Wang
{"title":"Joint Physical Layer and Power Resource Scheduling for GEO Satellite Internet of Things Based on Channel Conditions","authors":"Chunlin Zhang;Yue Liu;Deqian Wang;Chao Yu;Haoran Zhang;Peijin Hu;Ke Wang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3624374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3624374","url":null,"abstract":"The application of resource allocating technology to multi-beams satellite system can effectively achieve higher throughput. This letter investigates the joint scheduling of physical layer and power resource for the Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite Internet of Things (IoT). We propose the resource scheduling model aimed at maximizing system throughput by taking into account the constraints of time, frequency, and power resources and parameter optimization of the IoT Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) channel conditions. For the multiple-choice multidimensional knapsack problem (MMKP), the non-convex optimization problem is decomposed into subproblems for each timeslot and selects the optimal set of IoT users. Specifically, we propose a joint physical layer and power resource allocation (JPPRA) algorithm based on channel conditions. Furthermore, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior system capacity than other scheduling schemes.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148489696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-Snapshot Deep Denoising for Channel Estimation in OTFS Modulated Systems 多快照深度去噪在OTFS调制系统中的信道估计
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3694255
Surbhi Gehlot;Siddhi Shinde;Suraj Srivastava;Sandeep Kumar Yadav
{"title":"Multi-Snapshot Deep Denoising for Channel Estimation in OTFS Modulated Systems","authors":"Surbhi Gehlot;Siddhi Shinde;Suraj Srivastava;Sandeep Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3694255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3694255","url":null,"abstract":"A deep denoising based channel estimation framework is proposed for orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulated systems, wherein channel state information (CSI) recovery is formulated as an image restoration problem. A salient attribute of the approach is the exploitation of structural invariance in the delay Doppler (DD) domain channel over a geometric coherence time, allowing multiple OTFS frames captured during this period to serve as noisy snapshots of the approximately identical channel. These snapshots jointly enhance the effectiveness of the proposed lightweight denoiser based on nonlinear activation free network (NAFNet). The method exhibits low computational complexity, operates reliably even at low pilot signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and can accommodate both fractional delay and fractional Doppler effects. Simulation results demonstrate significant performance gains over the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"2029-2033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148490572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Speed-Aware Asynchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Handover Parameter Adaptation in 5G and Beyond Networks 5G及以上网络中联合切换参数自适应的速度感知异步深度强化学习
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3669901
Chenhao Shi;Chiew Foong Kwong;Qianyu Liu;Zekai Huang;Zheng Chu;Theodoros A. Tsiftsis
{"title":"Speed-Aware Asynchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Handover Parameter Adaptation in 5G and Beyond Networks","authors":"Chenhao Shi;Chiew Foong Kwong;Qianyu Liu;Zekai Huang;Zheng Chu;Theodoros A. Tsiftsis","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3669901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3669901","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the explosive growth of data rates and traffic in 5G and beyond, network densification has emerged as a key solution. However, this approach presents significant challenges for mobility management, including high frequency of handovers (HOs), ping-pong effects, and HO failures. To address these problems, this letter proposes the speed-aware asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) HO algorithm to dynamically adjust two HO control parameters in Self-Organizing Networks (SON), i.e., HO Margin and Time-to-Trigger. Simulation results demonstrate that the speed-aware asynchronous RL approach achieves superior performance compared to speed-unaware one, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)-based and other RL-based approaches.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"1360-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11419116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148491044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age of Information Constrained Unsourced Random Access 信息约束的无源随机访问时代
IF 4.5 3区 计算机科学
IEEE Communications Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-09 DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3701665
Iman Pazouki;Dmitri Truhachev
{"title":"Age of Information Constrained Unsourced Random Access","authors":"Iman Pazouki;Dmitri Truhachev","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3701665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2026.3701665","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a session-based unsourced random access (URA) model with an explicit age of information (AoI) constraint. The formulation targets real-time massive Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications by allowing active users to transmit URA packets at a controllable transmission frequency to keep the receiver up-to-date throughout a finite-time session. We introduce the AoI constrained per-user per-session probability of error as the system performance metric, propose a performance analysis framework, and demonstrate a close match with the simulated performance for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh block fading channels. The results reveal key system tradeoffs for information freshness in the URA environment.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"2188-2192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148491056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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