{"title":"Experimental Study on Underwater Cylindrical Acoustic Wave Generated by High-Voltage Pulse Excited Cable","authors":"Linwei Li;Jianglong Zheng;Jinxing Xie;Xiaoxin Huang;Biao Jiang;Yunge Zhang;Yifan Huang","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3337908","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3337908","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a method for using a conventional high-voltage cable as a transducer and exciting it with a pulse power supply to generate perfect cylindrical acoustic waves in water. The experimental results prove that the acoustic pulse strictly follows the propagation law of cylindrical waves. There is a slight fluctuation of sound pressure in the direction parallel to the cable and no directivity in the plane perpendicular to the cable. Under excitation energy of 1000 J, the duration of the acoustic pulse generated by a 12-m cable is about 500 \u0000<italic>μ</i>\u0000s, the dominant frequency is around 3000 Hz, the effective source level reaches 195 dB, and the energy conversion efficiency is 0.012%. This method breaks through the traditional mode of forming a line source by combining point sources. The vibration and acoustic radiation along the cable are continuous, and the cylindrical waves are very stable. Based on the comparative analysis of marine single-channel seismic exploration, line source shows the potential to change the traditional method based on point source and spherical wave theory. It provides a new method for simplifying the survey system and improving exploration accuracy.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"487-495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingwei Yin;Guangjun Zhu;Xiao Han;Longxiang Guo;Lin Li;Wei Ge
{"title":"Temporal Correlation and Message-Passing-Based Sparse Bayesian Learning Channel Estimation for Underwater Acoustic Communications","authors":"Jingwei Yin;Guangjun Zhu;Xiao Han;Longxiang Guo;Lin Li;Wei Ge","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3330523","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3330523","url":null,"abstract":"To mitigate the error propagation of single-carrier time-domain equalization (SC-TDE) with insufficient observation data, this article proposes a low-complexity message-passing-based SC-TDE algorithm. First, the temporal correlation (TC) between subblocks is exploited to improve the performance of conventional message-passing-based sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) when the data are insufficient. The proposed algorithm then models the channel estimation process as a hidden Markov model. It captures the TC property by utilizing a first-order autoregressive model, thus supporting the current subblock with a priori information from the previous subblock. By using belief propagation (BP), the TC and BP-based SBL algorithm (TC-BP-SBL) is derived, which is then approximated to obtain the TC and approximation-message-passing-based SBL (TC-AMP-SBL) with lower computational complexity. Finally, taking advantage of AMP and expectation propagation (EP), a two-layer iterative equalization algorithm is introduced for joint message passing. The inner iteration uses AMP for symbol estimation, and the outer iteration improves the equalization performance by EP based on deterministic approximate variational inference. The proposed algorithm is validated using data collected during the 11th Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition. The results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the computational complexity of SC-TDE and effectively mitigate error propagation when the observation data are insufficient.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"522-541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qianqian Zou;Chao Zhou;Chunhui Zhu;Zhuoliang Zhang;Junfeng Fan
{"title":"Discrete Vortex Method-Based Fish-Like Locomotion Modeling","authors":"Qianqian Zou;Chao Zhou;Chunhui Zhu;Zhuoliang Zhang;Junfeng Fan","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3338926","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3338926","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, fish can achieve efficient swimming through vortex control, which is also a crucial factor in the propulsion of biomimetic robotic fish. Existing analytical models of robotic fish generally do not consider vortices. In addition, numerical methods for solving fluid dynamics are complex and computationally intensive. In this article, based on the discrete vortex method (DVM), the point vortex circulation caused by tail oscillation is calculated and an accurate and efficient dynamic model for robotic fish is established. Specifically, for a single-joint robotic fish, the hydrodynamic forces on the tail are analyzed using the DVM and calculated using the unsteady Bernoulli equation. And for the fish head, the simplified Morison equation is adopted to analyze the inertial forces and drag forces. Then, the dynamics of the entire robotic fish are derived using the Newton-Euler method, allowing for the calculation of position, velocity, forces, and wake circulation at each moment. As a result, the vortex structure obtained from the proposed method exhibits characteristics of a reverse Karman vortex street, similar to previous DPIV results and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Furthermore, the simulated speeds closely match the experimental results with an average absolute error of 16.73%, which reduces the error by 2.95% compared to the conventional quasi-steady lift and drag model. Meanwhile, our method requires much less time consumption compared to the CFD method, making it convenient for application in the control and optimization of robotic fish.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"390-402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interference-Constrained Scheduling of a Cognitive Multihop Underwater Acoustic Network","authors":"Chen Peng;Urbashi Mitra","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3336462","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3336462","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates optimal scheduling for a cognitive multihop underwater acoustic network (UAN) with a primary user interference constraint. The network consists of primary and secondary users, with multihop transmission adopted for both user types to provide reliable communications. Critical characteristics of underwater acoustic channels, including significant propagation delay, distance-and-frequency dependent attenuation, half-duplex modem, and interhop interference, are taken into account in the design and analysis. In particular, time-slot allocation is found to be more effective than frequency-slot allocation due to the underwater channel model. The goal of the network scheduling problem is to maximize the end-to-end throughput of the overall system while limiting the throughput loss of primary users. Both centralized and decentralized approaches are considered. A partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP) framework is applied to formulate the optimization problem, and an optimal dynamic programming algorithm is derived. However, the optimal dynamic programming (DP) solution is computationally intractable. Key properties are shown for the objective function, enabling the design of approximate schemes with significant complexity reduction. Numerical results show that the proposed schemes significantly increase system throughput while maintaining the primary throughput loss constraint. Under certain traffic conditions, the throughput gain over frequency-slot allocation schemes can be as high as 50%.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"507-521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138603208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Receiver Enhancement for Differentially Encoded Underwater Acoustic OFDM Incorporating Amplitude and Phase Mismatches","authors":"Lei Wan;Ming Zhao","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3323050","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3323050","url":null,"abstract":"Differential phase shift keying encoded underwater acoustic orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems have been extensively investigated in recent years due to their robust performance and efficient use of bandwidth with no overhead on pilot subcarriers for channel estimation. Conventional differential detection schemes usually assume that the channel frequency responses on consecutive OFDM subcarriers are identical, which would not be true for practical underwater acoustic channels. To address this issue, this article presents an advanced symbol demodulator consisting of two key modules. First, the receiver estimates the amplitude and phase mismatches on neighboring subcarriers, which utilizes the finite-alphabet property of the signal constellation and hence does not incur any pilot overhead. Second, with the estimated amplitude and phase mismatches, the receiver computes the bit likelihood ratio based on the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) Principle. The proposed detection schemes are further extended to multisymbol differential detection involving measurements on more than two neighboring subcarriers for differential decoding. Simulation and sea trial data decoding results demonstrate considerable performance improvement of the proposed schemes over conventional detection schemes.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"553-565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vector-Approximate-Message-Passing-Based Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Underwater Acoustic Communications","authors":"Wenxuan Chen;Jun Tao;Lu Ma;Gang Qiao","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3337349","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3337349","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate channel estimation (CE) is critical to the performance of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, especially under multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scenarios. In this article, we explore vector approximate message passing (VAMP) coupled with expectation-maximization (EM) to obtain CE for MIMO OFDM UWA communications. The EM-VAMP-CE scheme is developed by employing a Bernoulli–Gaussian (BG) prior distribution for the channel impulse response, and hyperparameters of the BG prior distribution are learned via the EM algorithm. The performance of the EM-VAMP-CE is evaluated through both synthesized data and real data collected in two at-sea UWA communication experiments. It is shown that the EM-VAMP-CE achieves better performance–complexity tradeoff compared with the existing CE methods.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"496-506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximum Information Transfer and Minimum Loss Dehazing for Underwater Image Restoration","authors":"Fei Li;Xiaomao Li;Yan Peng;Bin Li;Yang Zhai","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3334478","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3334478","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater images typically exhibit color distortion and poor visibility due to light absorption and scattering. Currently, existing methods always overcompensate for degraded color and contrast due to a lack of adaptation, which results in an unnatural appearance and contrast loss. This article combines the merits of conventional color transfer technology and dehazing to improve underwater image quality while addressing the aforementioned problems. Specifically, a maximum information transfer method that does not require a reference image to adaptively correct the color of an input image is first proposed. Built on maximizing contrast while minimizing contrast loss, an adaptive full dynamic range mapping (AFDRM) strategy is then proposed to guide dehazing to restore the visibility. Our method can produce vivid results without introducing over enhancement and is applicable to a variety of underwater environments. Furthermore, with our sufficient and reasonable proof, our method is extended and applied to low-light image enhancement (LLIE) by fine-tuning parameters in this article. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves superior color correction and contrast enhancement, as well as remarkable performance in underwater applications and low-light scenes, even for foggy images taken at nighttime and daytime.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"622-636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Towliat;Zheng Guo;Leonard J. Cimini;Xiang-Gen Xia;Aijun Song
{"title":"Joint Equalization and Self-Interference Cancellation for Underwater Acoustic In-Band Full-Duplex Communication","authors":"Mohammad Towliat;Zheng Guo;Leonard J. Cimini;Xiang-Gen Xia;Aijun Song","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3332237","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3332237","url":null,"abstract":"In-band full-duplex (IBFD) communication in underwater acoustic channels is challenged by strong and time-varying self-interference (SI). To detect data symbols, the receiver needs to suppress the SI and equalize the resultant signal to compensate for the intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by the remote transmission (RT) channel. In this article, we develop a new receiver that combines adaptive decision feedback equalizer and SI cancellation (ADFE-SIC) to jointly eliminate the ISI and SI. A recursive least squares algorithm adaptively estimates the filters in ADFE-SIC. By conducting simulations and experimental tests, we show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional approach in which equalization and SI cancellation tasks are performed separately and the filter configuration is based on prior estimations of the SI and the RT channels.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"542-552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"End-to-End Geoacoustic Inversion With Neural Networks in Shallow Water Using a Single Hydrophone","authors":"Ariel Vardi;Julien Bonnel","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3331423","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3331423","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a deep learning (DL) method to perform joint source detection and environmental inversion of low-frequency dispersed impulse signals recorded on a single hydrophone, in a fully automated way, with the inversion part covering both source localization (range and depth) and geoacoustic inversion (with the seabed modeled as a single sediment layer over a basement). The benchmark used for testing the resulting DL models are signals that were generated by navy explosives [signal underwater sound (SUS) charges] deployed during the Seabed Characterization Experiment 2022 performed in the New England Mud-patch (NEMP) off the coast of Massachusetts. A DL model based on a 1-D convolutional neural network is trained using simulated data. The resulting model is used to automatically process 816 h of acoustic data containing 289 SUS events. All the SUS events are detected (with no false positives), localized with a mean error of 400 m, and used to invert for seafloor geoacoustic parameters. The predicted parameters are in agreement with results obtained using classical inversion schemes. Using a trained DL model requires little to no computation time and power, compared to classical methods, which employ high-cost computational schemes. This advantage enables efficient inversion of enough SUS events (289) to spatially cover the NEMP, and inversion results suggest spatial variability in the mud sound speed.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"380-389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Special Issue on Advanced Machine Learning Methodologies for Underwater Image and Video Processing and Analysis","authors":"Chongyi Li;Haiyong Zheng;Runmin Cong;Saeed Anwar;Sam Kwong","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2023.3325680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2023.3325680","url":null,"abstract":"In the realm of ocean engineering, underwater images and videos serve as vital carriers of information. However, the challenging conditions of underwater imaging often lead to quality degradation in captured content. These degradations, encompassing issues, such as diminished contrast, color casts, blurred details, and uneven brightness, not only hinder human perception but also present formidable obstacles for leveraging underwater media in ocean engineering applications. Despite advancements in the processing and analysis of underwater images and videos, the methodologies employed thus far have proven to be less than optimal. Furthermore, the direct application of established in-air techniques to underwater scenarios remains problematic due to the distinct attributes of underwater imaging, notably the effects of light selective absorption and scattering. As a result, there is a pressing need for fresh theories, methodologies, and applications that cater specifically to the challenges of processing and analyzing underwater visual content. Recent progress in advanced machine learning methodologies provides an avenue of promise, offering novel insights and approaches to address the issues of underwater images and videos.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"224-225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10428683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139719775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}