Horticultural Plant Journal最新文献

{"title":"VqBGH52 enhances the accumulation of trans-resveratrol through hydrolysis of trans-piceid and resistance to powdery mildew in Chinese wild grapevine","authors":"Zhi Li, Wenzhe Liu, Yuejin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"Powdery mildew poses a significant threat to grapevine cultivation worldwide, resulting in increased production costs. <ce:italic>Vitis quinquangularis</ce:italic> accession ‘Danfeng-2’ accumulates high concentrations of stilbenes and exhibits resistance to powdery mildew. This study investigates the regulatory mechanisms of stilbene accumulation and disease-resistance in ‘Danfeng-2’ and <ce:italic>V. vinifera</ce:italic> cultivar ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapevine following inoculation with <ce:italic>Erysiphe necator</ce:italic>. ‘Danfeng-2’ accumulates high levels of stilbenes at 3 days post-inoculation (dpi), whereas ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ reaches peak accumulation by 5 dpi. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the upregulation of the gene <ce:italic>VqBGH52</ce:italic> in ‘Danfeng-2’ specifically at 3 dpi, suggesting its role in disease resistance. The prokaryotically expressed VqBGH52 and VvBGH52 proteins efficiently hydrolyze <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-piceid into <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-resveratrol. These results are consistent with findings that genetically transformed lines overexpressing <ce:italic>VqBGH52</ce:italic> exhibit enhanced resistance to <ce:italic>E. necator</ce:italic>, along with increased levels of <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-resveratrol, ε-viniferin, and pterostilbene, and reduced levels of <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-piceid. To uncover the mechanisms of the distinct expression of <ce:italic>VqBGH52</ce:italic>, we characterized its promoter and found that it contains an additional 1492-bp fragment compared to the <ce:italic>VvBGH52</ce:italic> promoter. This fragment is associated with the rapid response of <ce:italic>VqBGH52</ce:italic> upon <ce:italic>E. necator</ce:italic> inoculation in ‘Danfeng-2’, as well as the induction of disease resistance genes and those responding to SA, flg22, and chitin treatments. In conclusion, VqBGH52 hydrolyzes <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-piceid to generate <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-resveratrol, which subsequently serves as a substrate for producing toxic stilbenes such as ε-viniferin and pterostilbene. These findings elucidate the metabolic mechanisms through which <ce:italic>VqBGH52</ce:italic> contributes to powdery mildew resistance by converting <ce:italic>trans</ce:italic>-piceid into toxic stilbenes.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BjuBBX6-1 interacts with BjuNF-YB2/3 to regulate flowering time and drought tolerance in Brassica juncea","authors":"Xianjun Feng, Jingfei Li, Zhuoran Tang, Jiaxing Ge, Dayong Wei, Zhimin Wang, Qinglin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"An inappropriate flowering time and drought stress resistance in <ce:italic>Brassica juncea</ce:italic> (mustard) will decrease its yield and quality. B-box (BBX) transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of flowering and drought tolerance, but the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of the BBX family—especially BjuBBX6—remain largely unknown in <ce:italic>Brassica juncea</ce:italic>. In this study, we cloned the <ce:italic>BjuBBX6-1</ce:italic> gene from <ce:italic>Brassica juncea</ce:italic> and found that it was expressed mainly in flowers and leaves. BjuBBX6-1 was localized in the nucleus and had transcriptional activation activity. Overexpressing <ce:italic>BjuBBX6-1</ce:italic> caused earlier flowering compared with the wild type, while <ce:italic>BjuBBX6-1</ce:italic> silencing in RNAi lines led to later flowering. BjuBBX6-1 interacted with flowering factors BjuNF-YB2 and BjuNF-YB3 and subsequently bound to the promoters of its downstream genes to promote <ce:italic>BjuABI2</ce:italic> expression. However, it repressed <ce:italic>BjuFLC</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>BjuGLK</ce:italic> expression, resulting in earlier flowering. Under drought stress, overexpressing <ce:italic>BjuBBX6-1</ce:italic> plants reduced chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, while silencing <ce:italic>BjuBBX6-1</ce:italic> plants exhibited the opposite trend. The results indicate that BjuBBX6-1 negatively regulates drought tolerance in <ce:italic>Brassica juncea</ce:italic>. This study lays a theoretical foundation for in-depth research on the molecular mechanism of the BBX family in flowering regulation and drought tolerance breeding of <ce:italic>Brassica juncea</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of CsRNF144 as a key gene regulating di-hydroxy catechins accumulation in Camellia tachangensis through genome-wide association studies","authors":"Yuting OuYang, Kaixin Rao, Limin He, Qinfei Song, Xiaojing Wang, Biao Xiong, Suzhen Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Tea is a widely consumed and nutritious beverage, rich in amino acids, caffeine, and catechins, which contribute to its taste and health-promoting properties. While much research has focused on catechins, which are essential for black tea quality, di-hydroxy catechins have received less attention. The genetic mechanisms that regulate the accumulation of these specific still need to be better understood, creating a gap in breeding strategies aimed at enhancing tea quality. This study conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 329 tea accessions from three species (<ce:italic>Camellia tachangensis</ce:italic> F. C. Zhang, <ce:italic>Camellia sinensis</ce:italic> var. <ce:italic>sinensis</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>Camellia gymnogyna</ce:italic> Chang) to address this gap, identifying significant variation in di-hydroxy catechin content. <ce:italic>C. tachangensis</ce:italic> displayed notably higher di-hydroxy catechin levels, and 44 significant SNPs and 5 candidate genes were identified. Functional analysis, including overexpression in tobacco and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AsODN) experiments, showed that <ce:italic>CsRNF144</ce:italic> plays a critical role in this process. Overexpression of <ce:italic>CsRNF144</ce:italic> led to increased di-hydroxy catechin content, while AsODN interference in <ce:italic>C. tachangensis</ce:italic> significantly reduced di-hydroxy catechin levels, confirming the gene’s involvement in efficient accumulation. These findings identified a gene involved in the efficient accumulation of di-hydroxy catechins in <ce:italic>C. tachangensis</ce:italic> and provide a theoretical foundation for future tea breeding programs aimed at enhancing flavor. Additionally, the results emphasize the importance of protecting and developing wild tea accessions, which could serve as valuable genetic resources for improving cultivated varieties.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological, transcriptomic, and gene functional analyses of bulbil initiation and development of Lilium lancifolium","authors":"Xuemin Zhang, Jiahui Liang, Mingfang Zhang, Wenqiang Pan, Mengdi Wang, Zhiyi Yue, Zhixuan Zhang, Jian Wu, Xiuhai Zhang, Yunpeng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"The bulbil, originating in the leaf axil of <ce:italic>Lilium lancifolium</ce:italic>, functions as a vital reproductive organ for bulbous propagation. The mechanism of bulbil formation, however, is still unclear. In this study, we conducted histological, transcriptomic, and gene function analyses on leaf axil samples throughout bulbil formation. Histological analysis revealed that the bulbils arose from the axillary meristem and bulbil formation undergoes a two-step process: initiation and development. During the bulbil initiation stage, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily enriched in phytohormone-related pathways, especially auxin. Through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), the individual silencing phenotypes of nine genes derived from four hormones imply that decreased auxin and ethylene signaling, paired with increased cytokinin and gibberellin, may contribute to bulbil initiation. Among the numerous differentially expressed transcription factors, <ce:italic>LlMYB119</ce:italic> may play a role as a candidate gene in auxin-regulated bulbil initiation, as confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and VIGS. During bulbil development, DEGs showed significant enrichment in carbohydrate metabolism, as well as phytohormone signal transduction. Silencing seven specific genes involved in auxin and ethylene signaling, cytokinin and gibberellin biosynthesis, as well as carbohydrate metabolism, resulted in inhibition of axillary organ development. In summary, this study offers a rich pool of candidate genes, enhancing our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying bulbil initiation and development, and holding significant commercial potential for the advancement of new reproductive organs in <ce:italic>L. lancifolium</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AaEIL2 and AaERF059 are involved in fruit coloration and ripening by crossly regulating ethylene and auxin signal pathway in Actinidia arguta","authors":"Yukuo Li, Zhe Song, Xu Zhan, Miaomiao Lin, Xiaohan Li, Ran Wang, Leiming Sun, Hong Gu, Feng Wei, Jinbao Fang, Xiujuan Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"In kiwifruit (<ce:italic>Actinidia arguta</ce:italic>), fruit coloration is typically accompanied by ripening; however, the intrinsic connection between these two processes remains unclear. In this study, we found that ethylene and auxin accelerated and suppressed fruit coloration and ripening, respectively, in <ce:italic>A. arguta</ce:italic>. ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 2 (AaEIL2) and ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AaERF059) were mined and identified using yeast two-hybrid library screening and transcriptome analysis. AaEIL2, specifically induced to high expression by ethylene, was confirmed as a transcription factor that positively regulates coloration and ripening by targeting <ce:italic>AaLDOX</ce:italic> (leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis) and <ce:italic>AaPG18</ce:italic> (polygalacturonase involved in cell wall degradation) based on its subcellular localization in <ce:italic>Arabidopsis</ce:italic> protoplasts, stable genetic transformation in transgenic tomato, and yeast one-hybrid and luciferase activity assays. AaERF059 also responds to ethylene and regulates ethylene-/auxin-mediated fruit coloration and ripening by targeting the downstream genes <ce:italic>AaACS2</ce:italic> (ACC synthase, which is involved in ethylene biosynthesis) and <ce:italic>AaGH3</ce:italic> (Gretchen-Hagen 3, which is involved in the auxin pathway). Overall, AaEIL2 and AaERF059 regulate ethylene-and auxin-mediated fruit coloration and ripening by maintaining a dynamic balance in a positive and negative regulatory manner. Our results not only identified key genes but also established an intrinsic connection between fruit coloration and ripening in <ce:italic>A. arguta</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MADS-box BSISTER transcription factors up-regulate proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in grapevine","authors":"Yujin Tang, Ling Wang, Congbo Huang, Ting Zhao, Yan Li, Chaohong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a group of oligomeric flavonoids also known as condensed tannins. PAs in human diet have antioxidant and health-promoting effects. BSISTER (BS) promotes the accumulation of PAs, but its direct target gene and regulation mechanism in PAs biosynthesis are not clear. Here, we reported <ce:italic>VviBS1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>VviBS2</ce:italic> genes, which bind directly to the promoter of PA synthesis key genes <ce:italic>VviANR</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>ANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE</ce:italic>) and <ce:italic>VviLAR</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>LEUCOANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE</ce:italic>) and up-regulate their expression to promote the PAs biosynthesis in grapevine. <ce:italic>VviBS1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>VviBS2</ce:italic> partially rescued the transparent testa phenotype of an <ce:italic>Arabidopsis tt16</ce:italic> mutant. Overexpression of <ce:italic>BS1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>BS2</ce:italic> in grapevine callus increased the content of PAs, as well as the expression of specific genes related to PA synthesis. VviBS1 and VviBS2 proteins bound directly to the promoter regions of the key PA synthesis genes <ce:italic>VviANR1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>VviANR2</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>VviLAR1</ce:italic>. Overexpression of <ce:italic>VviBS1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>VviBS2</ce:italic> promotes <ce:italic>VviANR1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>VviANR2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>VviLAR1</ce:italic> expression and PAs biosynthesis. Some BS1- and BS2-interacting MADS-box proteins have an effect on PAs biosynthesis. This study provides insight into the regulatory mechanisms of PAs biosynthesis in grapevine, which could be effectively employed for metabolic engineering to increase PA content.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GWAS reveals the genetic basis and genomic regions underlying four active compounds in chrysanthemum","authors":"Xuefeng Zhang, Xinyi Ning, Yuhua He, Jiangshuo Su, Shiyun Wen, Zhaowen Lu, Wei Sun, Haibin Wang, Zhiyong Guan, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen, Fei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemum is rich in active compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, and its dried head flowers are commonly used for tea and medicinal purposes. However, the genetic determinism underlying chrysanthemum active compounds remains elusive. In this study, we evaluated a panel of 137 chrysanthemum accessions for total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, and isochlorogenic acid A across two consecutive years. The four active compounds exhibited considerable variation, with a coefficient of variation ranging from 44.96 % to 76.30 %. Significant differences were observed in genotype and environments, and the broad-sense heritability was estimated at 0.5–0.63 for all examined traits. Significant pair-wise correlation was found between the four active compounds. Several accessions showing the highest active compounds were figured out for breeding use by integrating the membership function and hierarchical cluster analysis methods. Based on the 327 042 high-quality SNPs, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) captured 59 significant SNPs for the four active compounds, of which 24 elite alleles exhibited pyramiding effects. A total of 18 potential candidate genes were mined, among which <ce:italic>evm.model.scaffold_1149.273</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>QUA1</ce:italic>) has one linkage disequilibrium (LD) block corresponding to Hap4 with the highest luteolin content. The findings are beneficial to understanding the genetic basis of the active compounds and provide parental materials and valuable markers for the genetic improvement of active compounds in chrysanthemum.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CsTCP13-CsKNAT1-CsKNAT6 module regulates leaf width through influencing gibberellin biosynthesis in citrus","authors":"Donghai Liu, Lele Chu, Haiqiang Liu, Shariq Mahmood Alam, Yongzhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf morphology is an important agronomic trait that affects photosynthetic efficiency and plant architecture. Some KNOXI (Class I KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX) or CIN-TCP (CINCINNATA-LIKE TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS) transcription factors control leaf development by influencing GA (gibberellin) content. However, the knowledge about their interaction in regulating leaf morphogenesis is still scarce, especially in woody fruit plants such as citrus. In this study, we found that the expression of <ce:italic>CsTCP13</ce:italic> (a citrus <ce:italic>CIN-TCP</ce:italic> gene) dramatically decreased with a decreasing leaf length-width ratio in citrus. Transiently silencing <ce:italic>CsTCP13</ce:italic> in citrus produced wider leaves and significantly decreased <ce:italic>CsGA20ox1</ce:italic> (a key citrus <ce:italic>GA20-oxidase</ce:italic> gene for GA biosynthesis) expression and GAs (GA<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>, GA<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>, and GA<ce:inf loc=\"post\">7</ce:inf>) contents. Conversely, stable overexpression of <ce:italic>CsTCP13</ce:italic> in tobacco generated narrower leaves and significantly increased <ce:italic>GA20ox1</ce:italic> expression and GA<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1</ce:inf> content; it also significantly shortened the distance between veins and reduced the number of epidermal cells per unit area of leaf. Moreover, transactivation assays showed that CsTCP13 had transcriptional activation, and yeast two-hybrid, split-luciferase complementation, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed that CsTCP13 interacted with CsKNAT1 (a citrus KNOXI protein). Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays validated that CsTCP13 promoted while CsKNAT1 and its interacting protein CsKNAT6 inhibited <ce:italic>CsGA20ox1</ce:italic> expression by binding to its promoter. Interestingly, CsKNAT1 or the CsKNAT1-CsKNAT6 complex interacted with CsTCP13 to attenuate its promotion effect on <ce:italic>CsGA20ox1</ce:italic> expression. Taken together, our findings revealed a novel regulatory mechanism that CsTCP13 regulates citrus leaf width through directly influencing <ce:italic>CsGA20ox1</ce:italic> expression and then GA content, which can be negatively affected by the interaction with CsKNAT1 or the CsKNAT1-CsKNAT6 complex.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated expression of CsCit and CsALMT9-like plays a key role in lowering citrate and increasing malate accumulation in Citrus tamurana × natsudaidai ‘Haruka’ fruit","authors":"Shariq Mahmood Alam, Donghai Liu, Yin Luo, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Han Han, Fatima Zaman, Muhammad Ateeq, Yongzhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"Organic acid composition has a major influence on fruit taste and quality. In general, the fruits of common citrus varieties accumulate more citrate than malate. Here, we report that a citrus variety, ‘Haruka’ (<ce:italic>Citrus tamurana</ce:italic> × <ce:italic>natsudaidai</ce:italic>), accumulates more malate than citrate at the ripening stage. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Organic acid profiles were compared between ‘Haruka’ fruits and a common Ponkan cultivar, ‘Huagan 2’ (<ce:italic>Citrus reticulata</ce:italic>), during fruit development and ripening. We found that ‘Haruka’ fruit accumulated 75 % less citrate than ‘Huagan 2’ fruit and that the malate content was nearly 3-fold greater in ‘Haruka’ fruit than in ‘Huagan 2’ fruit. In addition, 12 aluminum-activated malate transporter (<ce:italic>ALMT</ce:italic>) genes were identified in the citrus genome, with <ce:italic>CsALMT9-like</ce:italic> being predominantly expressed in ‘Haruka’ fruit juice sacs. An analysis of genes associated with the accumulation of malate revealed that the expression levels of genes encoding a P-type proton pump (<ce:italic>CsPH8</ce:italic>), a citrate/H<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> symporter (<ce:italic>CsCit</ce:italic>), and <ce:italic>CsALMT9-like</ce:italic> were significantly greater in ‘Haruka’ fruit than in ‘Huagan 2’ fruit. Moreover, <ce:italic>CsCit</ce:italic> overexpression significantly decreased the citrate content, whereas overexpressing and silencing <ce:italic>CsALMT9-like</ce:italic> significantly increased and decreased the malate content. In addition, shading significantly increased the expression of <ce:italic>CsPH8</ce:italic> but reduced the expression of <ce:italic>CsCit</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>CsALMT9-like</ce:italic> and significantly increased the citrate content but decreased the malate content, further confirming that <ce:italic>CsCit</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>CsALMT9-like</ce:italic> regulate the accumulation of citrate and malate in ‘Haruka’ fruit, respectively. Taken together, these data indicate that the relatively low citrate content of ‘Haruka’ is mainly due to increases in <ce:italic>CsCit</ce:italic> expression and that the relatively high malate content of ‘Haruka’ is mainly due to increases in <ce:italic>CsALMT9</ce:italic>-<ce:italic>like</ce:italic> expression. This study provides insight into the mechanisms that influence malate content in citrus fruit.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and morpho-physiological attributes of drought resistance in Capsicum accessions","authors":"Kyu Kyu Thin, Soobin Lee, Je Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress is one of the factors limiting pepper production in water-stressed regions. It affects growth and development by inducing morphological, biochemical, and physiological changes. Breeding drought-resistant varieties is a sustainable strategy to mitigate drought, therefore, reliable evaluation systems are essential to identify drought-resistant pepper accessions. In this study, 100 pepper accessions were screened for drought resistance under highly controlled conditions at the vegetative stage. Selected accessions exhibited a significantly higher recovery rate after water-deficiency and showed durable resistance under greenhouse conditions. Correlation analysis between drought resistance with morphological and physiological traits showed that the recovery rate was positively correlated with root length and relative water content, and negatively correlated with plant height and leaf area. Gene expression analysis showed that the drought-resistant accession exhibited higher expression levels of drought-responsive genes under drought stress. Among the accessions, anthocyanin-accumulating peppers showed more significant drought resistance compared to other accessions. When the MYB transcription factor <ce:italic>An2</ce:italic>, the genetic determinant of anthocyanin accumulation, was silenced, drought resistance was significantly reduced. Drought-resistant accessions with favorable adaptive traits identified in this study will be valuable in various breeding programs to generate new pepper cultivars to cope with climate change.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}