Horticultural Plant Journal最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive report on glucosinolate involvement in abiotic stress responses in Brassicaceae family","authors":"Maaz Ullah, Maria Batool, Ali Mahmoud El-Badri, Muhammad Ikram, Lei Zheng, Burhan Khalid, Ibrahim Abd El Khalek Abd El Mola Mohamed, Lijin Chang, Bo Wang, Jie Kuai, Zhenghua Xu, Jie Zhao, Jing Wang, Guangsheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Being sessile organisms, plants confer various environmental challenges that effect their productivity. Secondary metabolites, including glucosinolate (GSLs), are synthesized in plants to counteract environmental stresses through indirect or direct defensive responses. GSLs are secondary metabolites containing nitrogen and sulfur abundantly found in Brassicaceae, playing pivotal roles in plant stress tolerance. Herein, we delve into emerging insights and unanswered questions regarding the regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis and their role in stress responses. This review offers comprehensive insights into the diversity and participation of GSLs in sensing osmotic stress and signaling responses during plant development under abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, we explore the promising research prospects for understanding GSL-mediated stress responses, providing a conceptual foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress response mediated by GSLs. Future research endeavors should focus on enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in <ce:italic>Brassica</ce:italic> plants by improving GSL responses through genetic engineering and omics approaches, thereby addressing global food security challenges. It is imperative to note that farmers in developing countries often overlook these methods and resort to agrochemicals to enhance plant growth under unfavorable conditions. Thus, environmentally friendly alternatives to plant-based metabolites, including glucosinolate, must be investigated for improving plant growth under unfavorable conditions using seed treatment or foliar application.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apple transcription factor MdDof43 promotes fruit softening by regulating cell wall-modifying genes Mdβ-Gal2 and Mdα-AF3","authors":"Huijuan Yang, Xuewei Liu, Wenzhao Hu, Zhen Yang, Zhengyang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"Apple (<ce:italic>Malus</ce:italic> × <ce:italic>domestica</ce:italic> Borkh.) fruit firmness is a crucial determinant of fruit quality and postharvest storage capacity. The DNA-binding one-finger (Dof) transcription factor family has been demonstrated to play a significant role in regulating fruit ripening and softening; however, the genome-wide role of Dofs in determining apple firmness remains unclear. Here, we examined the expression patterns of 50 <ce:italic>MdDofs</ce:italic> in two apple varieties, ‘Fuji’ and ‘Cripp's Pink’, known for their distinct fruit firmness and cell wall components during fruit development and ripening. We also clarified the function and regulatory network of the <ce:italic>MdDof43</ce:italic> in regulating apple fruit firmness. Functional validation indicated that <ce:italic>MdDof43</ce:italic> enhanced the water-soluble pectin content, increased neutral sugar loss, decreased hemicellulose content and fruit firmness in transgenic apple, calli and tomato. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that <ce:italic>MdDof43</ce:italic> overexpression induced the expression levels of many genes involved in the cell wall degradation in apple calli. DNA affinity purification and sequencing (DAP seq) demonstrated that MdDof43 directly binds to the promoters of <ce:italic>Mdβ-Gal2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Mdα-AF3,</ce:italic> two genes encoding pectin side-chain regulating enzymes. <ce:italic>In vitro</ce:italic> assays confirmed that MdDof43 positively regulates the expression of <ce:italic>Mdβ-Gal2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Mdα-AF3</ce:italic>, facilitating the degradation of cell wall components and promoting fruit softening. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of cell wall structures that contribute to apple fruit firmness, which has practical significance for fruit quality in breeding.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus velezensis activates beneficial soil microorganisms to promote the growth and health of cucumber after soil fumigation","authors":"Xuewen Xie, Lida Chen, Shicheng Liu, Lixia Yan, Na Li, Changzong Ding, Yanxia Shi, Ali Chai, Tengfei Fan, Baoju Li, Lei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber root rot, primarily caused by <ce:italic>Fusarium solani</ce:italic>, threatens global cucumber production through soil-borne infection, vascular wilt, and yield loss. Soil fumigation with Calcium cyanamide (CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) effectively suppresses soil-borne pathogens but may impair beneficial soil microbiota. This study investigated the synergistic effects of <ce:italic>Bacillus velezensis</ce:italic> (ZF336) inoculation on reactivating beneficial soil microbes after CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> fumigation and its role in controlling cucumber root rot caused by <ce:italic>F. solani</ce:italic>. The physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of the soil and the health of the cucumber plants were investigated. Our findings revealed the following: (I) The potential for hydrogen (pH) and the contents of organic matter (OM), nitrate nitrogen (NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>–N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>–N) significantly increased after combined CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> and ZF336 treatment. (II) Combined CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> and ZF336 treatment reduced the relative abundance of <ce:italic>Fusarium</ce:italic> and increased the relative abundances of the potentially beneficial bacteria <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Penicillium</ce:italic> in the soil. In addition, <ce:italic>B. velezensis</ce:italic> promoted the recovery of microbial communities after CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> disinfection. (III) Combined CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> and ZF336 treatment improved the activities of carbohydrate enzymes, effectively promoting soil carbon metabolism and increasing the cellulase, hemicellulose and lignin decomposition abilities. In conclusion, CaCN<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> combined with <ce:italic>B. velezensis</ce:italic> stimulated the soil microbial community structure and the activities of specific enzymes and is an effective way to control cucumber root rot disease and improve yield and soil quality.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FaMADS6 negatively regulates anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry by inhibiting FaMYB10 expression and ABA biosynthesis","authors":"Yang Zhang, Shuaishuai Wang, Xiaoshan Wang, Ting Qian, Yanan Sun, Mauren Jaudal, Ross G. Atkinson, Jing Zhao, Guanghui Zheng, Peipei Sun, Congbing Fang, Xingbin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"Anthocyanins are the main pigments in ripe strawberry fruits. <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic> and abscisic acid (ABA) are the two major regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the maturation process of strawberry fruits. However, the transcriptional regulation of <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic>, ABA biosynthesis, and anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry (<ce:italic>Fragaria × ananassa</ce:italic>) remain largely unknown. Here, a yeast one-hybrid screen using the <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic> promoter identified a class B MADS-domain transcription factor, FaMADS6 in strawberry. <ce:italic>FaMADS6</ce:italic> exhibited high expression at the early developmental stage but was hardly detected during maturation of strawberry fruit, a pattern opposite to accumulation of anthocyanins. Transcriptional upregulation of <ce:italic>FaMADS6</ce:italic> repressed anthocyanin accumulation and expression of <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic> and the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, <ce:italic>FaCHS</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>FaCHI</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>FaF3H</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>FaANS</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>FaUFGT</ce:italic>. In contrast, downregulation of <ce:italic>FaMADS6</ce:italic> promoted the expression of <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic> and the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. The promoters of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were not directly bound by FaMADS6, in contrast to <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic>. Analysis of the DNA binding sequences of FaMADS6 revealed that it also interacted with the promoters of <ce:italic>FaNCED2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>FaPYR1</ce:italic>, which are involved in the biosynthesis and perception of ABA. Overexpression of <ce:italic>FaMADS6</ce:italic> significantly suppressed <ce:italic>FaNCED2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>FaPYR1</ce:italic> and ABA synthesis in transgenic strawberry. Together, our findings suggest that FaMADS6 functions as a suppressor of anthocyanin accumulation by directly downregulating <ce:italic>FaMYB10</ce:italic> and ABA production during strawberry fruit maturation.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum-tolerant, growth-promoting rhizosphere bacteria improve growth and alleviate aluminum stress in tea plants","authors":"Xiaolan Jiang, Tianlin Shen, Menglin Han, Gao Chen, Sanyan Lai, Shuxiang Zhang, Weiwei Deng, Yumei Qian, Liping Gao, Tao Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum is toxic to most plants, but low concentrations of aluminum are conducive to the growth of tea plants. However, it is not clear whether aluminum treatment alters the rhizosphere microbiome of tea plants, especially growth-promoting rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to demonstrate that after aluminum treatment, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the rhizosphere bacterial community was the highest, with <ce:italic>Burkholderia</ce:italic> being enriched and the dominant strain. In addition, 53 strains of culturable rhizosphere bacteria, including 17 strains of Firmicutes, 23 strains of Proteobacteria, and 10 strains of Actinobacteria, were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants. Further analysis of the 53 rhizosphere bacterial strains revealed that 21 strains exhibited four growth-promoting abilities. Among them, <ce:italic>Bacillus NVLP_s</ce:italic> (FNVLP) exhibited the maximum indole-3-acetic acid production capacity. Additionally, 51 strains could tolerate an aluminum concentration of at least 1 mol·L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>, and <ce:italic>Sinomonas gamaensis</ce:italic> (ASG) exhibited the maximum aluminum tolerance ability, up to an aluminum concentration of 6 mmol·L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. Plant–bacteria interactions showed that ASG, FNVLP, <ce:italic>Paraburkholderia hospita</ce:italic> (PPH), and their synthetic community exhibited growth-promoting effects on rice roots. Furthermore, ASG, FNVLP, and PPH significantly alleviated aluminum stress in rice. Moreover, PPH and ASG promoted the growth of tea plants, especially the growth of lateral roots, irrespective of the presence of aluminum; and PPH inoculation enriched the <ce:italic>Burkholderia</ce:italic> community and improved carbohydrate metabolism and hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. Overall, a few bacterial strains with aluminum-tolerant and growth-promoting abilities were enriched in the rhizosphere and promoted the growth of tea plants after aluminum treatment. Thus, this study laid the foundation for further development and utilization of aluminum-tolerant, growth-promoting bacteria for the cultivation and management of tea plants.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The regulation and impact of mRNA m6A methylation during the expansion and ripening of tomato fruits under various abiotic stresses","authors":"Rongpeng Han, Thi Kim Hang Nguyen, Hunseung Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"N<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>-methyladenosine (m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A), the most prevalent modification observed in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs), plays a crucial role in plant development and abiotic stress responses. However, its role in tomato (<ce:italic>Solanum lycopersicum</ce:italic>) fruit expansion and ripening under abiotic stress remains unexplored. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the changes in m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A levels and the expression patterns of m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A-modified genes associated with fruit expansion and ripening processes of tomato plants exposed to drought, salt, heat, or cold stress. During fruit expansion under stress conditions, m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A methylation modulated the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle and auxin signaling pathways, leading to reduced fruit size. During fruit ripening under stress conditions, m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A methylation modulated the expression of genes associated with transcription factors, ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, and lycopene biosynthesis, accelerating fruit ripening under drought, salt, or heat stress, but delaying it under cold stress. Notably, m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A methylation modulated mRNA stability to regulate the transcript levels of key genes involved in tomato fruit expansion and ripening under stress conditions. Collectively, these results deepen our understanding of m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>A methylation's role in fruit expansion and ripening of tomatoes in response to abiotic stress, providing a firm foundation for further investigation of its critical regulatory functions.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals the key role of UDP-glycosyltransferase 73D1 (UGT73D1) in rose under UV-B irradiation","authors":"Haoran Ren, Yuming Liu, Muhammad Owais Shahid, Xianhan Qiu, Wenjing Yang, Patrick Choisy, Tao Xu, Dan Wang, Huijun Yan, Hao Zhang, Nan Ma, Junping Gao, Xiaofeng Zhou, Weikun Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet B (UV–B) light affects the accumulation of secondary metabolites, especially pharmacologically important flavonoids, in many plants. However, whether UV-B irradiation influences the metabolite composition of rose (<ce:italic>Rosa</ce:italic> spp.) remains largely unknown. To explore the effects of UV-B on rose metabolites, we compared the physiological phenotypes of two rose cultivars, <ce:italic>Rosa hybrida</ce:italic> ‘Jardin de Granville’ (JDG) and <ce:italic>Rosa damascena</ce:italic> Mill. (DMS), under UV-B irradiation. JDG was more tolerant to UV-B exposure than DMS, with lower hydrogen peroxide content and electrolyte permeability and higher soluble protein content in leaves. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this difference, we performed metabolome and transcriptome analyses of the two cultivars. Metabolome analysis showed that UV-B irradiation influenced the biosynthetic pathways for phenylpropanoid compounds, especially the flavonoid pathway, in both cultivars, resulting in significantly altered flavonol metabolite levels. RNA sequencing indicated that UV-B irradiation influenced plant hormone signaling and secondary metabolic pathways. Combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis highlighted key metabolites and associated genes in the flavonoid pathway that respond to UV-B irradiation. Simultaneously, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that <ce:italic>UDP glycosyltransferase 73D1</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>UGT73D1</ce:italic>) is crucial for flavonoid biosynthesis in rose under UV-B irradiation. Indeed, knocking down <ce:italic>UGT73D1</ce:italic> expression compromised the tolerance of rose to UV-B irradiation. Finally, dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that the transcription factor basic leucine-zipper 44 (bZIP44) enhances <ce:italic>UGT73D1</ce:italic> expression. Together, these results reveal that UV-B irradiation promotes flavonoid biosynthesis and metabolism in rose, providing an important theoretical foundation for cultivating rose germplasm with greater value for the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"StCIPK2–StCBL11 complex negatively modulates drought tolerance in potato plant by regulating oxidative resistance and ABA biosynthesis","authors":"Rui Ma, Weigang Liu, Shigui Li, Xi Zhu, Jiangwei Yang, Ning Zhang, Huaijun Si","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPK) play essential roles in regulating plant responses to various stresses. However, the molecular and functional properties of CBL–CIPK in drought response have been rarely characterised in potato plants. In this study, we subjected the potato ‘Atlantic’ cultivar (wild type [WT], <ce:italic>ami-</ce:italic>StCIPK2, and overexpression [OE] lines) to stress through ABA treatment, osmotic stress, and drought stress. We characterised the potato CBL-interacting protein kinase StCIPK2. We measured the relative water content, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, and H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>, proline, malondialdehyde, and soluble sugar levels as these are indices of drought tolerance. We estimated the stomatal movement and root growth phenotype (length of plant roots). Finally, we performed a protein interaction assay. We found that <ce:italic>StCIPK2</ce:italic> was effectively induced by multiple stressors and is highly homologous to <ce:italic>AtCIPK1</ce:italic>. Accordingly, <ce:italic>StCIPK2</ce:italic> overexpression decreased drought tolerance and ABA sensitivity in potato, whereas <ce:italic>StCIPK2</ce:italic> knock-down increased these responses. Moreover, StCIPK2 interacted with StCBL11 on the plasma membrane. Additionally, the drought tolerance indices showed that drought resistance and ABA sensitivity did not differ between <ce:italic>StCBL11</ce:italic>-OE and WT plants, and <ce:italic>StCBL11</ce:italic> overexpression in <ce:italic>StCIPK2</ce:italic> knock-down plants negated their drought resistance and ABA sensitivity. Overall, this study shows that the StCBL11–StCIPK2 module negatively regulates drought stress tolerance in potatoes, and it could be used in novel ways to improve stress regulation in potato plant.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CmaGA2ox2 is associated with dwarf plant architecture controlled by the single dominant CmaDw-1 locus in winter squash","authors":"Chenggang Xiang, Ying Duan, Qin Shu, Kailiang Bo, Yiqun Weng, Xiaolei Sui, Changlin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"Dwarf or semi-dwarf plant architecture characterized by reduced vine or internode length is a desirable trait for winter squash (<ce:italic>Cucurbita maxima</ce:italic>) production, but the regulatory mechanisms and specific genes responsible for this trait remain unidentified. In this study, we conducted map-based QTL cloning and functional characterization of a major-effect QTL, underlying the dwarf phenotype (short vine length) in the inbred line Agol. A near-isogenic line, SV105 carrying the wildtype long-stem allele in Agol background was developed. Comparative histological observations in the two NILs indicated that the dwarf phenotype is due to reduced cell elongation, and thus internode length during stem elongation. Genetic analysis in NIL-derived segregating populations confirmed that a single dominant gene, <ce:italic>CmaDw-1, controlled</ce:italic> the dwarf phenotype. Bulked segregant analysis and fine genetic mapping identified <ce:italic>CmaCh03G013990</ce:italic> as the sole candidate gene for <ce:italic>CmaDw-</ce:italic>1 that encodes gibberellin 2-oxidase 2 (CmaGA2ox2), a key enzyme in gibberellin (GA) metabolism. Sequence analysis revealed multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or Insert/Deletions (InDels) within the promoter and coding region of <ce:italic>CmaGA2ox2</ce:italic> that are associated with reduced stem elongation in Agol. Spatiotemporal expression analysis of <ce:italic>CmaGA2ox2</ce:italic> revealed its differential expression in the hypocotyls between NILs in the early development stage. Quantitation of endogenous GAs and exogenous phytohormone treatments in NILs and ectopic expression of <ce:italic>CmaDw-1</ce:italic> in <ce:italic>Arabidopsis</ce:italic> further support the critical role of <ce:italic>CmaGA2ox2</ce:italic> in stem elongation. This work provides the first molecular insights into the regulation of dwarf plant architecture in <ce:italic>C. maxima</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influences of citrus apoplast pH on Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri invasion and canker formation","authors":"Rongchun Ye, Zhengmin Yang, Lian Liu, Jian Han, Limei Tan, Songliang Jiang, Chenxing Hao, Xianfeng Ma, Ziniu Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"The pH plays a key role in the growth and colonization of plant pathogens as well as the onset and progression of the symptoms they cause within the host. Plants may quickly alter their apoplastic pH (pH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">apo</ce:inf>) to protect themselves against infection. However, pathogens can also alter the pH of their ambient environment to promote their own growth. Citrus canker is a serious plant disease caused by <ce:italic>Xanthomonas citri</ce:italic> subsp. <ce:italic>citri</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic>). This Gram-negative aerobic rod is usually cultured in Luria–Bertani (LB) medium at pH 7. However, little is known about the changes in pH both in this medium as <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> grows and in the leaf apoplast in response to <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> infection and colonization. Moreover, the differences in leaf apoplast pH between <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic>-resistant and <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic>-susceptible citrus genotypes are also unknown. Here, <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> grew well in liquid LB medium at initial pH 6–8 and the pathogen altered the medium pH to 6.8 ± 0.4. <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> growth declined at pH 5 and was zero at pH 3, 4, 9, and 10. In susceptible sweet orange infected with <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> inoculum, canker symptoms were inhibited at pH 3, 4, and 10 but did not differ in the range of pH 5–9. As expected, canker symptoms were absent at all inoculum pH in the resistant Citron C-05. For both genotypes, <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> only grew well in the leaves exposed to pH 5–8 inoculums. At four days post-inoculation (4 dpi), the foliar pH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">apo</ce:inf> of resistant Citron C-05 had rapidly declined from 5.6 to 4.4. At 2 dpi, the pH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">apo</ce:inf> of susceptible sweet orange had rapidly increased from 5.6 to 6.7, <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> grew quickly, and canker symptoms appeared. Plasma membrane (PM) H<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-ATPase activation with fusicoccin (FC) acidified the apoplast and upregulated the pathogenesis-related genes (<ce:italic>PRs</ce:italic>) in the sweet orange leaves. Hence, <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> colonization and canker development were inhibited. The results of this study revealed that apoplastic acidification is implicated in the resistance of Citron C-05 to <ce:italic>Xcc</ce:italic> infection and provided insight into the association between pH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">apo</ce:inf> regulation and resistance to bacterial pathogen invasion in plants.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}