HIV Research & Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Psychosocial and socioeconomic changes among low-income people with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Miami-Dade County, Florida: racial/ethnic and gender differences.","authors":"Sofia B Fernandez, Rahel Dawit, Ekpereka Sandra Nawfal, Melissa K Ward, Daisy Ramírez-Ortiz, Diana M Sheehan, Mary Jo Trepka","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2363129","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2363129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 profoundly and uniquely impacted people with HIV. People with HIV experienced significant psychosocial and socioeconomic impacts, yet a limited amount of research has explored potential differences across gender and racial/ethnic groups of people with HIV.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine psychosocial and socioeconomic stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of people with HIV in South Florida and to determine if the types of stressors varied across gender and racial/ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey with Miami-Dade County, Ryan White Program recipients. Outcomes included mental health, socioeconomic, drug/alcohol, and care responsibility/social support changes. Weighted descriptive analyses provided an overview of stressors by gender and racial/ethnic group and logistic regressions estimated associations between demographics and stressors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 291 participants, 39% were Non-Hispanic Black, 18% were Haitian, and 43% were Hispanic. Adjusting for age, sex, language, and foreign-born status, Hispanics were more likely to report several worsened mental health (i.e. increased loneliness, anxiety) and socioeconomic stressors (i.e. decreased income). Spanish speakers were more likely to report not getting the social support they needed. Women were more likely to report spending more time caring for children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight ways in which cultural and gender expectations impacted experiences across people with HIV and suggest strategies to inform interventions and resources during lingering and future public health emergencies. Results suggest that public health emergencies have different impacts on different communities. Without acknowledging and responding to differences, we risk losing strides towards progress in health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2363129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11256985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and challenges for the integration of managing non-communicable diseases within HIV care and treatment services in Tanzania.","authors":"Anzibert Andrew Rugakingira, Emili Yondu, Joseph Matobo Thobias, Ikunda Dionis, Costantine Chasama Kamata, Manase Kilonzi, Emmy Metta, Nathanael Sirili","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2398869","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2398869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People living with HIV and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are reported to experience challenges in accessing affordable and high-quality NCD care services. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends care integration of NCDs within the HIV services in resource-limited regions. The available opportunities and challenges need to be understood and addressed for an effective integration process. This study explored opportunities and challenges for integrating NCDs within HIV care and treatment services in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exploratory qualitative case study was conducted in Tanzania between April and July 2022. A total of 22 key informants working at the ministerial level, supervising the provision of healthcare services in Tanzania, were recruited purposefully for in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was employed during the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several opportunities were identified in the study for HIV/NCD services integration including the existence of an integration policy, the availability of regulations and guidelines, the existence of donor support, the presence of physical space and reliable information and communication systems, human resources adequacy, and political will to support the process. However, participants voiced concerns over the costs related to service integration, difficulties in reallocating donor funds, and hesitance of the healthcare providers as likely challenges to effective integration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study underscore that the effective and sustainable care integration of NCDs within HIV services relies on the availability of policy, funds, infrastructures, human resources, and stakeholders' willingness to support the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2398869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An HIV long-term survivor and activist's perspective on HIV cure-related research - Nelson vergel.","authors":"Nelson Vergel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2328408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140193686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and incidence rates of tuberculosis in people with HIV during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic: a single center retrospective analysis.","authors":"Bhurapol Prommongkol, Opass Putcharoen, Samadhi Patamatamkul","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant risk to people with HIV (PWH), with heightened incidence and prevalence rates, especially in countries with a high TB burden. This study assesses the prevalence and incidence rates of TB among PWH during the COVID-19 pandemic, and on treatment outcomes in TB-HIV co-infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted at Suddhavej Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, from January 2020 to September 2023, involving newly diagnosed adult PWH. Data were collected on TB prevalence and incidence rates, with TB cases categorized as definite or possible. The primary outcomes were TB prevalence and incidence rates per 100,000 person-years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 171 newly diagnosed PWH, the prevalence of TB was 5.85%, with an incidence rate of 4,568.71 per 100,000 person-years. All but one TB cases were diagnosed before antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. There was no incident TB during the follow-up period during ART. Nearly half of the TB cases required therapeutic trials without microbiological confirmation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed a high prevalence and incidence rate of TB among PWH during the COVID-19 pandemic, comparable to pre-pandemic rates in Thailand. The findings highlight the necessity of comprehensive TB screening prior to ART initiation and the cautious implementation of universal TB preventive therapy. The use of molecular diagnostics, in addition to symptom screening, can enhance TB diagnosis among PWH, though accessibility remains an issue in many regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2348935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to HIV rapid start among New Jersey providers.","authors":"Debbie Y Mohammed, Russell Brewer, Jason Leider, Eugene Martin, Sunny Choe","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2402140","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2402140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid Start ensures that persons with HIV initiate antiretroviral therapy in less than seven days after diagnosis. Benefits of Rapid Start include timely linkage to medical care, viral suppression in a shorter time and improved retention to medical care. Despite these benefits, there is a slow uptake of Rapid Start, in New Jersey.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identify barriers to Rapid Start among New Jersey providers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic survey, consisting of 28 questions, with the following domains was administered to New Jersey providers, using Qualtrics: provider and practice characteristics (10), knowledge (1), barriers (8) and attitudes to diverse patient types (9). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics due to small numbers over strata. Approval to conduct the survey was obtained from the William Paterson University Institutional Review Board.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 69 responses to the survey. Providers were at least 45 years old (48%), female (44/60, 73%), nurse practitioners or physician assistants (41/59, 69%). Overall, 44/63 (70%) providers did not correctly identify that integrase inhibitors had the lowest prevalence of transmitted drug resistance. Newly diagnosed patients were referred for medical care in 37 (65%) of the medical sites. Only providers from Ryan White (federally funded clinics for persons with HIV) (64%) and non-Ryan White (73%) public sites reported co-located HIV testing sites. Seventy percent of medical sites offered same-day medical appointments. However, a lower proportion of private (62%), public Ryan White (55%), and other medical sites (36%) offered same-day appointments compared to public non-Ryan White sites (82%). Despite having staff available 40 h per week (91%), only 55% of Ryan White sites offered extended office hours in the early morning, evenings, or on Saturdays. When compared to providers in public non-Ryan White sites, a lower proportion of providers in Ryan White sites were comfortable doing Rapid Start either on the day of or within one week of diagnosis, 82% and 72%, respectively, or starting antiretroviral therapy before genotype results were available, 55% and 46%, respectively. Overall, providers were not comfortable with Rapid Start for persons engaging in condomless sex (60%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Policy and administrative decisions are needed to eliminate barriers at the clinic level. An HIV clinical scholar program, to increase providers knowledge, may increase uptake of Rapid Start.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2402140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the IDCaRe team: an integrated and culturally-affirming approach to improving health engagement for HIV-positive veterans.","authors":"James Michael Brennan, Madison B Bailey, William Hua","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2404333","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2404333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has been at the forefront of offering integrated and patient-centered care to address the complex needs of more than 30,000 Veterans with HIV in the United States of America. These Veterans present with diverse cultural identities, personal values, and goals pertinent to their care, and they are often managing multiple comorbid chronic conditions, mental health diagnoses, and psychosocial stressors alongside HIV. The quality of their care has often been affected by stigma, minority stress, and the quality of the patient-provider relationship and associated collaborations over treatment approaches and goals, which has a direct effect on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>At San Francisco VA Health Care System, the Infectious Disease Care and Resilience (IDCaRe) team was established to improve outcomes for Veterans with acute needs or persistent difficulties in care delivery and efficacy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A five-step model to address complex needs in HIV care was adapted from existing literature and evidence base, combined with a culturally-aligned, interdisciplinary care orientation. This model was implemented with patients determined to be at high-risk for poor health engagement. A representative composite case study demonstrates the process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three Veterans underwent the intervention with results presented. Lessons learned and future discussions are also discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IDCaRe model has promise as an integrated, patient-centered, behaviorally-grounded intervention for improving HIV-related care outcomes for Veterans with complex needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2404333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors driving decisions in the use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: a real-world study in the United States.","authors":"Yohance Whiteside, Abigail McMillan, Fritha Hennessy, Phoebe Salmon, Tim Holbrook, Bekana K Tadese","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2382552","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2382552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the United States (US) remains below target, despite reported high efficacy in prevention of HIV infection and being considered as a strategy for ending new HIV transmissions. Here, we sought to investigate drivers for PrEP use and barriers to increased uptake using real-world data. <b>Methods:</b> Data were drawn from the Adelphi PrEP Disease Specific Programme^™, a cross-sectional survey of PrEP users and PrEP non-users at risk for HIV and their physicians in the US between August 2021 and March 2022. Physicians reported demographic data, clinical characteristics, and motivations for prescribing PrEP. PrEP users and non-users reported reasons for or against PrEP use, respectively. Bivariate analyses were performed to compare characteris tics of users and non-users. <b>Results:</b> In total, 61 physicians reported data on 480 PrEP users and 121 non-users. Mean ± standard deviation of age of users and non-users was 35.3 ± 10.8 and 32.5 ± 10.8 years, respectively. Majority were male and men who have sex with men. Overall, 90.0% of users were taking PrEP daily and reported fear of contracting HIV (79.0%) and having at-risk behaviors as the main drivers of PrEP usage. About half of non-users (49.0%) were reported by physicians as choosing not to start PrEP due to not wanting long-term medication. PrEP stigma was a concern for both users (50.0%) and non-users (65.0%). More than half felt that remembering to take PrEP (57.0%) and the required level of monitoring (63.0%) were burdensome. <b>Conclusions:</b> Almost half of people at risk for HIV were not taking PrEP due to not wanting long-term daily medication and about half of current PrEP users were not completely adherent. The most common reason for suboptimal adherence was forgetting to take medication. This study highlighted drivers for PrEP uptake from physician, PrEP user, and non-user perspectives as well as the attributes needed in PrEP products to aid increased PrEP uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2382552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting with HIV: a patient's view on updated infant feeding guidelines in the US.","authors":"Ciarra Covin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2357871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond community engagement: perspectives on the meaningful involvement of people with HIV and affected communities (MIPA) in HIV cure research in The Netherlands.","authors":"Tamika A Marcos, Kai J Jonas, Maaike A J Noorman, Chantal den Daas, John B F de Wit, Sarah E Stutterheim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meaningful involvement of people with HIV and affected communities in HIV cure research is essential to ensuring that cure research efforts are conducted transparently, socially justly, and ethically. This study set out to investigate how people with HIV and affected communities are involved in cure research in the Netherlands and explore what can be done to optimize involvement and engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-five semi-structured online, telephone, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with people with HIV (<i>N</i> = 30), key populations (<i>N</i> = 35), and key informants (KI; <i>N</i> = 20) in the field of HIV. The interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Awareness of the meaningful involvement of people with HIV (MIPA) efforts was low among people with HIV and key populations, which contrasted with KI, who exhibited greater awareness. People with HIV and KI emphasized the importance of MIPA in ensuring the representation of lived experiences in HIV cure research and fostering trust between communities and researchers. Practical implementations of MIPA were unclear, ultimately resulting in difficulties defining MIPA beyond clinical trial participation. People with HIV and key populations also doubted their skills and self-efficacy to make meaningful contributions when confronted with involvement beyond participating in research and clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIPA is crucial for improving the quality, transparency, and ethical conduct of HIV cure research. It emphasizes the need for increased awareness and funding, standardized guidelines to ensure meaningful involvement, and combat tokenism and misconceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2335454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the lived experience research priorities for improving health-related quality of life in people living with HIV with cognitive impairment.","authors":"Kate Alford, Jaime H Vera, John Hammond, Stephanie Daley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People living with HIV experience higher rates of cognitive impairment (CI), and at younger ages, than the general population. These individuals report poor health-related quality of life (HRQL), however, interventions aimed at assisting people living with HIV to live well with CI do not currently exist and represent an important un-met need in this population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the lived experience research priorities for improving HRQL and identify interventions to support priority areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Research Advisory Group was established with 15 lived experience, academic, healthcare, and third sector professionals. Additionally, two semi-structured focus groups were undertaken, with health and third sector professionals and people living with HIV with CI. Participants were asked to rank factors impacting HRQL, identified in prior research, in terms of priority and intervention development. Findings were analysed using a combination of conventional and summative content analysis. Study findings were feedback to our Research Advisory Group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five people living with HIV with CI, recruited through third sector agencies [Male 80%; median age 59 (range 56-78); White British 60%; homosexual 60%], and three healthcare and third sector participants (66% third sector professionals from two local HIV charities; 33% HIV-specific clinical psychologist) took part in two focus groups and ranked interventions targeting improvement in physical function, social connectedness, cognition and perceived control over cognitive health as priority areas. Findings were then fed back to the Research Advisory Group who recommended the development of an illness-specific cognitive rehabilitation programme and improved information provision as important avenues for intervention development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the absence of meaningful patient and public involvement, intervention, and support guidelines for people living with HIV with CI, this provides a roadmap for future research in this important and growing area of HIV clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2358724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}