HIV Research & Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of 48 weeks of BIC/F/TAF and DRV/c/F/TAF on platelet function in the context of rapid ART start.","authors":"Akif A Khawaja, Gary Whitlock, Sarah Fidler, Alfredo Soler-Carracedo, Merle Henderson, Graham P Taylor, Marta Boffito, Michael Emerson","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2447015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25787489.2024.2447015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The BIC-T&T study aimed to determine the efficacy of bictegravir<b>/</b>emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/F/TAF) and darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine<b>/</b>tenofovir alafenamide (DRV/c/F/TAF) at suppressing viral load in a two-arm, open-label, multi-centre, randomised trial under a UK test-and-treat setting. This sub-study aimed to evaluate potential off-target cardiovascular impact by examining <i>ex vivo</i> platelet function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Platelets were isolated by centrifugation of citrated blood from participants attending Chelsea and Westminster Hospital or St Mary's Hospital at Week 48 following enrolment. Platelet activation was assessed by real-time flow cytometry to examine integrin activation and granule release and platelet aggregation was evaluated by light transmission aggregometry. Statistical significance was determined by 2-way ANOVA with a Šidák's multiple comparisons post-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis of 21 participants was performed at Week 48 (96% male and 48% white; mean (range) age was 37 (23-78) years). No difference between arms was observed in ADP-, collagen- or thrombin receptor activator for peptide (TRAP)-6-evoked platelet α_IIbβ₃ integrin activation, granule release or platelet aggregation in response to any of the agonists tested. Despite differences in the demographics between treatment arms, the presence of an unboosted integrase inhibitor or boosted protease inhibitor in a test-and-treat setting did not impact platelet function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides no evidence of differences in downstream platelet responses between participants taking BIC/F/TAF compared to DRV/c/F/TAF following 48 wk of treatment. Further data are required to explore whether there are biologically significant off-target effects, including effects on platelets and other components of the cardiovascular system between these two test-and-treat regimens.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>NCT04653194.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"26 1","pages":"2447015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A closer look: factors impacting HIV durable viral suppression among a cohort of clinic attendees in Trinidad & Tobago.","authors":"Elena Cyrus, Deidre A Okeke, Omari Lavia, Mary Jo Trepka, Allysha Maragh-Bass, Lunthita Duthely, Michael Sciauodone, Jeffrey Edwards","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2443886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25787489.2024.2443886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Trinidad and Tobago, high HIV prevalence among key populations necessitates studying factors that impact durable viral suppression (DVS), crucial for effective HIV management and reducing transmission among at-risk networks. This study investigates these factors using clinical data from a major HIV care clinic in the Caribbean.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 533 adult people with HIV (people) at MRFTT from 2017 to 2021 assessed the proportion achieving DVS, defined as a sustained viral load <200 copies/ml over one year. Initial univariate analysis characterized individuals with DVS, followed by bivariate analysis to explore socio-demographic differences. Significant variables from bivariate analysis were examined in a regression model to identify DVS covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the sample was 45 years (SD = 10.88), with 52.0% male and 72.1% of African descent. 31.5% achieved durable viral suppression (DVS). Those with DVS were predominantly women (54.1%), older (mean age 45, SD = 11.32), with more frequent clinic visits over five years (mean = 101, SD = 33.26). Regression analysis showed that women (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 0.99-2.07), individuals on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) (>5 years) (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.03-2.66), and those with extended clinic enrolment (>5 years) (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.08-3.06) had higher odds of achieving DVS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only a third of the study sample achieved DVS, with men less likely to reach this goal. Lesser engagement in care correlated with lower DVS rates. Further research into social and structural barriers to clinic attendance, particularly among younger men, is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"26 1","pages":"2443886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity of provider preferences for HIV Care Coordination Program features: latent class analysis of a discrete choice experiment.","authors":"Chunki Fong, Madellena Conte, Rebecca Zimba, Jennifer Carmona, Gina Gambone, Abigail Baim-Lance, McKaylee Robertson, Mary Irvine, Denis Nash","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The PROMISE study assessed revisions designed to facilitate implementation of an HIV care coordination program (CCP) addressing gaps in care and treatment engagement among people living with HIV in New York City (NYC). Through latent class analysis (LCA) of a discrete choice experiment (DCE), we explored heterogeneity of provider preferences regarding CCP features. From January-March 2020, 152 NYC CCP providers completed a DCE with 3-4 levels on each of 4 program attributes: 1) Help with Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), 2) Help with Primary Care Appointments, 3) Help with Issues Other than Primary Care, and 4) Where Program Visits Happen. We used LCA to assess patterns of preference, and choice simulation to estimate providers' endorsement of hypothetical CCPs. LCA identified three subgroups. The two larger subgroups (<i>n</i> = 133) endorsed more intensive individual program features, including directly observed therapy, home visits, and appointment reminders with accompaniment of clients to their appointments. The smallest subgroup (<i>n</i> = 19) endorsed medication reminders only, appointment reminders without accompaniment, and meeting at the program location rather than clients' homes. Choice simulation analysis affirmed the highest degree of endorsement (62%) for hypothetical programs combining the intensive features described above. Results indicated providers' preference for intensive program features and also reinforced the need for flexible service delivery options. Provider perspectives on service delivery approaches can inform program adjustments for successful long-term implementation, which in turn can improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2300923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10978435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction: Impact TB co-infections on immune tolerance among people living with HIV: a systematic review.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2416301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25787489.2024.2416301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2416301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance and factors associated with high viral load among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Irene Maseke, Agricola Joachim, Doreen Kamori, Ahmed Abade, Nyambura Moremi, Mtebe Majigo","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2400827","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2400827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resistance to antiretrovirals against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a threat to zero transmission of HIV by 2030. Few studies have been conducted on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) mutations targeting adolescents. We determined the prevalence, pattern of HIVDR mutations, and factors associated with unsuppressed HIV viral load among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From March to June 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study at the Infectious Disease Clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. HIV-1 viral load was tested using m2000rt Real-Time HIV-1 assay. A sample with a viral load equal or more than 1,000 copies/ml was tested for HIVDR mutations. We determined the factors associated with unsuppressed viral load using logistic regression. A <i>p</i>-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 131 participants with a median age (interquartile range) of 15 (13-18) years. Of all, 24(18.3%) had a viral load above 1000 copies/ml. HIVDR mutations were found in 19/24(68.4%). Mutation to protease inhibitors, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were 1(5.2%), 9(47.4%), and 11(57.9%), respectively. Non-antiretroviral therapy and orphanages were independently associated with unsuppressed viral load.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of HIVDR and unsuppressed HIV viral load among adolescents are relatively high. The use of non-antiretroviral therapy and orphanage influenced the persistence of high viral load. Strategies for surveillance of HIVDR early warning signs should be devised among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2400827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General and healthcare-related HIV stigma among cisgender Brazilian women: the role of socioeconomic vulnerability.","authors":"Angelo Brandelli Costa, Murilo Martins da Silva, Lara Wiehe Chaves, Milena Gelain, Isadora Graeff Bins-Ely, Felipe Alckmin-Carvalho, Guilherme Welter Wendt","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2361179","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2361179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV-related stigma is associated with worse health outcomes and lower adherence to antiretroviral therapy. There is limited data on the stigma faced by Latin American cisgender women, although they are among the populations most affected by HIV. This study aims to provide insight into the Stigma Index Brazil, with the objective of estimating the prevalence of HIV-related stigma among cisgender women in Brazil and to investigate the role of low socioeconomic status in stigma experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional community-based study. A total of 30 people with HIV were trained to recruit participants from their peer networks; 1,768 people with HIV from all regions of Brazil participated in the study, of which 566 participants were cisgender women. We used the Stigma Index, an instrument that assesses global trends in HIV-related stigma from the perspective of people with HIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 70% of participants reported some form of HIV-related stigma. The most prevalent forms were discriminatory comments or gossiping (51.26%) and verbal harassment (30.99%). More than 20% experienced any health care related HIV-stigma in the last 12 months, the most frequent being the avoidance of physical contact (10.02%). Women in social vulnerability faced more stigma compared to the group without social vulnerability, both in general contexts (75.79% vs 64.32%; χ2 = 8.67, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and in healthcare contexts (24.12% vs 16.02%; χ2 = 4.06, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a high prevalence of stigma associated with HIV faced by Brazilian women from all regions of the country, both in everyday life and in healthcare contexts. Evidence-based interventions to reduce stigma in the general population, and specific mental health care aimed at women with HIV in Brazil, especially among those with greater socioeconomic vulnerability, are urgent.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2361179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating knowledge, practice, and attitude of Syrian population on sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus.","authors":"Sarya Swed, Hidar Alibrahim, Khaled Albakri, Mohammed Amir Rais, Safwan Al-Rassas, Wael Hafez, Bisher Sawaf, Mohammad Badr Almoshantaf, Mohamed Elsayed, Ebraheem Albazee, Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema, Wehba Hraiz, Fatima Taieb, Venus Hussain Ameen, Amine Rakab, Talha Bin Emran, Elrashed AbdElrahim, Hamid Osman, Refat Khan Pathan, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2356409","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2356409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause severe and fatal complications; knowledge about these diseases is essential for promoting safe sex practices and modifying behaviours that are harmful to one's health. This study investigates Syrian people's understanding, attitudes, and behaviors towards HIV/AIDS and STIs, aiming to identify factors promoting safe sex practices and modifying harmful behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This online cross-sectional study was conducted in Syria between 3 September and 23 November 2022, involving all 18+ individuals. The questionnaire was adapted from a previous study containing 74 questions from five sections: socio-demographic information, knowledge and practice regarding STIs, knowledge and practice regarding HIV/AIDS, attitude towards HIV/AIDS, and attitude regarding STIs and analyzed using descriptive and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study involved 1073 participants mostly aged between 18-30, with 55.3% females. Over half had good awareness of STIs and HIV/AIDS, with 55% and 63% respectively. Specifically, the overall knowledge level of STI type, signs/symptoms, risks of transmission, preventive methods, and complications for untreated STIs were (45.7%), (52.9%), (58.1%), (66.1%), and (59.6%), respectively. Medical field respondents had higher knowledge of HIV (P-value < 0.05, OR = 2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that Syrian people have a knowledge level of STIs and HIV was moderate. However, the attitude toward STIs was negative, as less than half of the participants had a good attitude. It is essential to solve these knowledge gaps, especially in low-income countries such as Syria.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2356409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight change with antiretroviral switch from integrase inhibitor or tenofovir alafenamide-based to Doravirine-Based regimens in people with HIV.","authors":"Arianna E Kousari, Melissa P Wilson, Kellie L Hawkins, Mohamed Mehdi Bandali, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Edward M Gardner, Kristine M Erlandson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight gain has been well-described with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Doravirine (DOR) has been identified as a relatively \"weight-neutral\" drug; however, there is little data describing its effect on weight change in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review of weight change among people with HIV changing from an INSTI- to a non-INSTI regimen with DOR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the time of ART switch, among 49 people with HIV, the mean age was 47 years, 24% were female, and 75% had HIV-1 viral load <200 copies/mL. Most (55%) people with HIV were taking bictegravir/TAF/emtricitabine prior to the switch. Although 84% switched due to concerns about weight gain, only 16% had a weight gain of ≥10% in the year preceding, and 49% had no substantial change in weight. 86% switched to DOR/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. A weight decrease (-2.6% [95% CI: -5.1, -0.1%, <i>p</i> = .041] was seen over the year following the ART switch. Weight change prior to switch was greatest in the year 2021 compared to 2019, 2020, and 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, modest changes in weight were seen following ART switch from INSTI-based regimen to a DOR-based, non-INSTI regimen. Further investigations with larger people with HIV cohorts will be helpful to guide clinical practice, while the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on weight change should also be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2339576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial and socioeconomic changes among low-income people with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Miami-Dade County, Florida: racial/ethnic and gender differences.","authors":"Sofia B Fernandez, Rahel Dawit, Ekpereka Sandra Nawfal, Melissa K Ward, Daisy Ramírez-Ortiz, Diana M Sheehan, Mary Jo Trepka","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2363129","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2363129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 profoundly and uniquely impacted people with HIV. People with HIV experienced significant psychosocial and socioeconomic impacts, yet a limited amount of research has explored potential differences across gender and racial/ethnic groups of people with HIV.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine psychosocial and socioeconomic stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of people with HIV in South Florida and to determine if the types of stressors varied across gender and racial/ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey with Miami-Dade County, Ryan White Program recipients. Outcomes included mental health, socioeconomic, drug/alcohol, and care responsibility/social support changes. Weighted descriptive analyses provided an overview of stressors by gender and racial/ethnic group and logistic regressions estimated associations between demographics and stressors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 291 participants, 39% were Non-Hispanic Black, 18% were Haitian, and 43% were Hispanic. Adjusting for age, sex, language, and foreign-born status, Hispanics were more likely to report several worsened mental health (i.e. increased loneliness, anxiety) and socioeconomic stressors (i.e. decreased income). Spanish speakers were more likely to report not getting the social support they needed. Women were more likely to report spending more time caring for children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight ways in which cultural and gender expectations impacted experiences across people with HIV and suggest strategies to inform interventions and resources during lingering and future public health emergencies. Results suggest that public health emergencies have different impacts on different communities. Without acknowledging and responding to differences, we risk losing strides towards progress in health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2363129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11256985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and challenges for the integration of managing non-communicable diseases within HIV care and treatment services in Tanzania.","authors":"Anzibert Andrew Rugakingira, Emili Yondu, Joseph Matobo Thobias, Ikunda Dionis, Costantine Chasama Kamata, Manase Kilonzi, Emmy Metta, Nathanael Sirili","doi":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2398869","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25787489.2024.2398869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People living with HIV and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are reported to experience challenges in accessing affordable and high-quality NCD care services. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends care integration of NCDs within the HIV services in resource-limited regions. The available opportunities and challenges need to be understood and addressed for an effective integration process. This study explored opportunities and challenges for integrating NCDs within HIV care and treatment services in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exploratory qualitative case study was conducted in Tanzania between April and July 2022. A total of 22 key informants working at the ministerial level, supervising the provision of healthcare services in Tanzania, were recruited purposefully for in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was employed during the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several opportunities were identified in the study for HIV/NCD services integration including the existence of an integration policy, the availability of regulations and guidelines, the existence of donor support, the presence of physical space and reliable information and communication systems, human resources adequacy, and political will to support the process. However, participants voiced concerns over the costs related to service integration, difficulties in reallocating donor funds, and hesitance of the healthcare providers as likely challenges to effective integration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study underscore that the effective and sustainable care integration of NCDs within HIV services relies on the availability of policy, funds, infrastructures, human resources, and stakeholders' willingness to support the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":13165,"journal":{"name":"HIV Research & Clinical Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"2398869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}