IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation最新文献_第4页

A High-Efficiency Reconfigurable Bidirectional Array Antenna Based on Transmit–Reflect Switchable Metasurface 基于透射-反射可切换元表面的高效可重构双向阵列天线

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3575265

Fan Qin;Jinyang Bi;Jiao Ma;Chao Gu;Hailin Zhang;Wenchi Cheng;Steven Gao

{"title":"A High-Efficiency Reconfigurable Bidirectional Array Antenna Based on Transmit–Reflect Switchable Metasurface","authors":"Fan Qin;Jinyang Bi;Jiao Ma;Chao Gu;Hailin Zhang;Wenchi Cheng;Steven Gao","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3575265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3575265","url":null,"abstract":"This communication proposes a reconfigurable bidirectional array antenna with high efficiency by employing a novel transmit-reflect switchable metasurface (TRSM) with 360° continuous phase coverage. To realize electromagnetic (EM) wave manipulation, a transmit-reflect switch layer (TRSL) incorporating p-i-n diodes is introduced as the middle layer of TRSM, sandwiched by two transmission metasurfaces (TMs). By <sc>on</small>/<sc>off</small> the switches, the TRSL functions as a mesh-type ground or a polarization-filtering layer, exhibiting a reconfigurable reflective or transmissive property to the incident wave. Furthermore, the TRSM achieves 360° phase compensation and directive beam formation through combined operation of upper and lower TMs. This structure enables bidirectional radiation at a single frequency and polarization. To minimize structural complexity, an enhanced TRSM design was developed and optimized to achieve a 50% reduction in the number of p-i-n diodes. Since the independent control of bidirectional radiation by TRSL does not interfere with the phase-tuning function of two TMs, the TRSM achieves 360° phase compensation and minimizes quantization errors. Moreover, the use of p-i-n diodes, which are not directly integrated with the radiating elements, reduces insertion loss. Hence, the TRSM maintains a high aperture efficiency. A prototype was fabricated and measured to demonstrate a successful realization of the upward and downward directive beams with peak gains of 22.3 and 22.1 dBi and aperture efficiencies of 47.2% and 43.8% The proposed antenna design presents notable advantages, such as high gain, high aperture efficiency, cost-effectiveness, a simplified configuration, and electronic beam control functionality.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"7051-7056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical and Analytical Methods for Complex Electromagnetic Media 复杂电磁介质的数值与解析方法

IF 4.6 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3571635

引用次数: 0

Microwave, mm and THz Imaging and Sensing Systems and Technologies for Medical Applications 微波，毫米和太赫兹成像和传感系统和技术的医疗应用

IF 4.6 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3571633

引用次数: 0

Analysis and Suppression of Electromagnetic Coupling Interference Through Ceramic Substrate in SiP With Multicavity Shielding 多腔屏蔽SiP中陶瓷基板电磁耦合干扰分析与抑制

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3575244

Yaya Liang;Pan Ren;Chulin Wang;Jingxuan Xia;Xuan Zhao;Pingan Du

{"title":"Analysis and Suppression of Electromagnetic Coupling Interference Through Ceramic Substrate in SiP With Multicavity Shielding","authors":"Yaya Liang;Pan Ren;Chulin Wang;Jingxuan Xia;Xuan Zhao;Pingan Du","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3575244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3575244","url":null,"abstract":"Multicavity shielding technology is widely used to suppress electromagnetic radiation interference between multiple chips in system in package (SiP). However, slots formed by the patterned top metal layer of ceramic substrate can lead to electromagnetic radiation leakage into the substrate, thereby exciting resonance in ceramic substrate with high-permittivity. This article analyzes the electromagnetic leakage caused by slots and identifies the ceramic substrate as a coupling path for interfering electromagnetic waves. The primary resonant mode of ceramic substrate, TE<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{mn(p+delta)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, is identified as the key factor degrading the shielding effectiveness of multicavity shielding in SiP. Further analysis reveals that the quality factor (<italic>Q</i>) of the substrate can be reduced through dimensional and material optimizations, thereby mitigating coupling interference. However, it remains challenging to entirely block the coupling energy. To suppress coupling interference, a novel composite shielding structure based on substrate integrated cavity (SIC) and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) is proposed. The EBG, constructed along the SIC walls, forms a 3-D EBG through horizontally periodic metal patches and vertically via arrays. Compared to 2-D EBG, this architecture enables multilayer resonance suppression within the substrate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed EBG-SIC achieves broadband suppression across 5.73–11.5 GHz within the SIC resonant cavity, and the shielding effect is verified through near-field scan experiments.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6574-6583"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Publication Information IEEE天线与传播学报出版信息

IF 4.6 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3571631

引用次数: 0

Low-Profile Transparent Ultrabroad Dual-Transmission-Band Frequency Selective Rasorber Using Low-Resistive ITO Film 采用低阻ITO薄膜的低轮廓透明超远双传输带频率选择反射器

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3575291

Xia Ma;Yanni Wang;Chenjiang Guo;Jun Ding;Xiaoyan Pang;Xiaojun Huang;Zhi Ning Chen

{"title":"Low-Profile Transparent Ultrabroad Dual-Transmission-Band Frequency Selective Rasorber Using Low-Resistive ITO Film","authors":"Xia Ma;Yanni Wang;Chenjiang Guo;Jun Ding;Xiaoyan Pang;Xiaojun Huang;Zhi Ning Chen","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3575291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3575291","url":null,"abstract":"This communication presents a design method to use low-resistive indium tin oxide (ITO) film for forming a low-profile and transparent dual-polarized frequency selective rasorber (FSR) with two ultrabroad transmission bands. The FSR designed by stacking two lossless dual-passband Frequency-selective surface (FSS) with a 2-mm air gap achieves two absorption bands by means of the interlayer coupling effect between the top and bottom FSS. The designed FSR realizes two broad transmission bands of 4.16–11.35 GHz (92.7%) and 18.89–30.06 GHz (45.6%), respectively while two broad absorption bands cover 13.54–16.58 GHz (20.2%) and 31.33–35.81 GHz (13.4%), respectively. A prototype of the proposed FSR is fabricated to verify its absorption and transmission performance, and the working principle is analyzed by combining the equivalent circuit model (ECM) with the surface current distribution. The proposed FSR exhibits the potential to reduce the out-of-band radar cross section (RCS), with its optical transparency showing promise for window applications.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"7039-7044"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Numerical Study of Efficient Leapfrog CD-HIE-FDTD Method With CFS-PML Technique 基于CFS-PML技术的高效跨越式cd - hi - fdtd方法的数值研究

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574871

Guilin Hou;Yi Chen;Guoda Xie;Wenjie Ding;Yingsong Li;Zhixiang Huang

{"title":"A Numerical Study of Efficient Leapfrog CD-HIE-FDTD Method With CFS-PML Technique","authors":"Guilin Hou;Yi Chen;Guoda Xie;Wenjie Ding;Yingsong Li;Zhixiang Huang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574871","url":null,"abstract":"The recently proposed complying-divergence implicit finite-difference time-domain (CDI-FDTD) method was demonstrated with relatively superior numerical performance, especially with the unconditional stability of implicit methods and the complying-divergence property. In addition, the complying-divergence property was also extended to and successful utilized in semi-implicit FDTD methods for significantly more efficient and accurate electromagnetic (EM) computations with models containing fine structures in one or two directions. This work offers an effective implementation of the complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer (CFS-PML) based on a one-step leapfrog complying-divergence-hybrid implicit-explicit FDTD (CD-HIE-FDTD) method with more robust simulations to address more complicated open-domain EM challenges. The stretching factors are initially introduced into Maxwell’s equations to derive a compact 1st-order differential matrix form. Subsequently, the matrix is subjected to space-time operator splitting to establish a complying-divergence framework with a two-step iterative solution. For more numerical efficiency, we utilize the leapfrog time-stepping strategy to eliminate intermediate variables and get a one-step iterative solution. Moreover, for the aforementioned computational framework, we offer an analysis for the terms of numerical stability and complying-divergence property. Meanwhile, the various examples given in this work also verify the correctness and efficacy of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6670-6685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jensen–Shannon Divergence Hypothesis Test for Determining Reverberation Chamber Field Distribution 确定混响室场分布的Jensen-Shannon散度假设检验

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921

Wei Xue;Jing Sun;Falu Liang;Jing Hou;Yan Yang;Weiping Shang;Xiaoming Chen;Gabriele Gradoni;Yi Huang

{"title":"Jensen–Shannon Divergence Hypothesis Test for Determining Reverberation Chamber Field Distribution","authors":"Wei Xue;Jing Sun;Falu Liang;Jing Hou;Yan Yang;Weiping Shang;Xiaoming Chen;Gabriele Gradoni;Yi Huang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921","url":null,"abstract":"Since the field distribution within a reverberation chamber (RC) depends on multiple factors, ascertaining the exact distribution is rather complicated. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) and Anderson–Darling (AD) are conventional hypothesis tests applied to field determination. However, both KS and AD tests may struggle to determine the most suitable distribution model in some practical scenarios. In this work, the Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD) hypothesis test is proposed to address this issue. The performances of KS, AD, and JSD tests are fully studied through extensive simulations and measurements. It is found that the JSD test outperforms KS and AD tests in most cases, which indicates that the JSD test has a wider application range. The effects caused by various factors on the performances of KS, AD, and JSD tests are analyzed, and guidelines for balancing the complexity and performance are given as well. In addition, the practical uses and potential challenges of JSD are discussed. Our findings provide a promising solution to the field determinations and enrich the hypothesis test framework in the antenna and propagation community.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6855-6870"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Forward 3-D Scattering Center Modeling Approach of Complex Targets With Deep Cavities for SAR Image Interpretation 面向SAR图像解译的深空复杂目标前向三维散射中心建模方法

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861

Wan-Cong Li;Si-Yuan He;Wei-Hao Huang;Jin Hu;Yun-Hua Zhang;Xiao-Yong Du

{"title":"A Forward 3-D Scattering Center Modeling Approach of Complex Targets With Deep Cavities for SAR Image Interpretation","authors":"Wan-Cong Li;Si-Yuan He;Wei-Hao Huang;Jin Hu;Yun-Hua Zhang;Xiao-Yong Du","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861","url":null,"abstract":"The structure with multiple reflections is commonly observed in radar targets and can form dominant scattering sources. However, their scattering centers (SCs) tend to deviate from the expected target region and display instability with changing observation angles, complicating SC analysis and interpretation. To elucidate the mapping relationship between apparent SC and target geometry with multiple reflections, this article proposes a forward approach to establish the 3-D parametric SC model for complex targets, particularly those with deep cavities. The forward-constructed model is a concise combination of clear physical parameters that are characterized by robust inferential and descriptive capabilities. Specifically, we first utilize ray tracing and clustering techniques to discretize the scattering of a target into several component-level scattering sources. Then, for each source, a set of physically relevant parameters is calculated in a forward (cause-to-effect) manner, incorporating a deeper understanding of the high-frequency mechanisms. This direct quantitative deductive modeling approach allows for the simultaneous attachment of scattering mechanisms and target information to the SC model. Meanwhile, the physical formation process of the SC type (localized or distributed) and 3-D position is explicated in multiple scattering scenarios. Finally, the efficacy of this forward modeling is validated through comparisons between the model-reconstructed and high-frequency (or full-wave) simulated high-resolution range profiles (HRRPs) or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of cavities and complex targets. In addition, those numerical examples also demonstrate the interpretation capabilities of the proposed forward model.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6546-6561"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and Analysis of Underwater Wireless Optical Propagation Channels in SIMO-EGG Systems With Arbitrary Receiver Array Geometries 具有任意接收阵列的SIMO-EGG系统水下无线光传播信道建模与分析

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880

Fan Yang;Miaomiao Yi;Shuigen Zhang

{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of Underwater Wireless Optical Propagation Channels in SIMO-EGG Systems With Arbitrary Receiver Array Geometries","authors":"Fan Yang;Miaomiao Yi;Shuigen Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a piecewise Gaussian beam spread function with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ N $ </tex-math></inline-formula> segments (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) to characterize the optical propagation channels in single-input multiple-output (SIMO) underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems, with a particular focus on scenarios involving receiver array of various geometries. This model employs a piecewise Gaussian function to flexibly describe the spatial relationship between the optical beam and receiver array of various geometries. It is highly effective in capturing the spatial differences among the receiver array and their impact on system performance when receivers are independent and nonidentically distributed. Comparisons with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations demonstrate that the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> model achieves high consistency in predicting system performance, such as outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER), across different water qualities, receiver jitter levels, and configurations of independent nonidentically distributed receivers, thereby verifying its robustness and accuracy under complex conditions. In terms of OP, the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> model significantly outperforms the traditional Beer-Lambert (BL) model, with differences reaching tens of dB under severe receiver jitter. These findings are crucial for the efficient and precise design of physical and network layer algorithms for the underwater Internet of Things (UIoT).","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6731-6743"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0