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Validation of a Long-Wavelength, Near-Field Scattering Simulator Based on Boundary Relaxation 验证基于边界松弛的长波近场散射模拟器
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3484532
W. Clint Snider;Robert C. Moore
{"title":"Validation of a Long-Wavelength, Near-Field Scattering Simulator Based on Boundary Relaxation","authors":"W. Clint Snider;Robert C. Moore","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3484532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3484532","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a numerical model that calculates radio wave scattering from electrically small perfect electric conductors in the near-field of the scattering bodies. The tool is referred to as the long-wavelength, near-field scattering (LWNFS) model, and it is based on electrostatic and magnetostatic field solutions calculated using a boundary-relaxation technique at the edge of the numerical grid space. Electrostatic and magnetostatic solutions are used to approximate the solutions in the slow-time-varying limit. Field tests are performed and analyzed to assess the accuracy of the LWNFS model using measurements of very-low-frequency (VLF) transmitter signals scattered by electrically small metallic boxes with different shapes. Because the amplitudes of the VLF transmitter signals can vary over time, a validation technique using normalized field values is employed: measurements are interpreted using the normalized Stokes parameters of the VLF transmitter signals. Excellent agreement between experimental observations and the predictions of the LWNFS model is demonstrated for a variety of cases. Cases where the LWNFS model is not accurate are highlighted and sources of error are considered.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9355-9365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Compact Dual-Band Single-Feed Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna for Unidirectional Radiation Patterns
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3484150
Aritra Roy;Rozenn Allanic;Thierry Le Gouguec;Francois Gallee;Erwan Fourn;Anne-Charlotte Amiaud;Hervé Legay
{"title":"A Compact Dual-Band Single-Feed Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna for Unidirectional Radiation Patterns","authors":"Aritra Roy;Rozenn Allanic;Thierry Le Gouguec;Francois Gallee;Erwan Fourn;Anne-Charlotte Amiaud;Hervé Legay","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3484150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3484150","url":null,"abstract":"A dual-band slotted waveguide array (SWA) antenna is designed using a single waveguide by placing the radiating slots for 18 and 24 GHz on the same antenna aperture. These bands are excited using a single excitation point through a conventional waveguide feeding technique to radiate unidirectional radiation patterns of the same polarization. Theoretical analyses are carried out to study the conductance of the slots to understand their effects on the dual-band performance. Numerical analyses are performed to optimize the antenna by considering mutual coupling. The antenna is fabricated using stereolithography (SLA) and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) processes to compare its performance in different additive manufacturing techniques. In characterizing the fabricated prototype, an impedance matching of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$|S_{11}|lt -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 dB and the boresight antenna gains of 14 and 17.4 dBi are measured in these bands with unidirectional and linearly polarized radiation patterns. A quantitative comparison among dual-band SWA antennas is presented at the end of this article to highlight the uniqueness of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art solutions.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9095-9102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrections to “Directive Surface Plasmons on Tunable Two-Dimensional Hyperbolic Metasurfaces and Black Phosphorus: Green’s Function and Complex Plane Analysis”
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3484174
Seyyed Ali Hassani Gangaraj;Tony Low;Andrei Nemilentsau;George W. Hanson
{"title":"Corrections to “Directive Surface Plasmons on Tunable Two-Dimensional Hyperbolic Metasurfaces and Black Phosphorus: Green’s Function and Complex Plane Analysis”","authors":"Seyyed Ali Hassani Gangaraj;Tony Low;Andrei Nemilentsau;George W. Hanson","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3484174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3484174","url":null,"abstract":"Presents corrections to the paper, Directive Surface Plasmons on Tunable Two-Dimensional Hyperbolic Metasurfaces and Black Phosphorus: Green’s Function and Complex Plane Analysis","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9570-9570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 3-D-Printed mm-Wave Reflectarray With Coaxial Unit Cells
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3484148
Omar S. Hassan;Khamis H. Ali;Mohamed A. Abou-Khousa
{"title":"A 3-D-Printed mm-Wave Reflectarray With Coaxial Unit Cells","authors":"Omar S. Hassan;Khamis H. Ali;Mohamed A. Abou-Khousa","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3484148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3484148","url":null,"abstract":"A metallic 3-D-printed reflectarray (RA) based on a novel coaxial unit cell (UC) is presented herein for mm-wave applications. A full phase tuning range is achieved by varying the UC depth. The UC design allows for incident wave polarization independence and operability over a wide range of frequencies. A \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$16times 16$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 RA utilizing the proposed UC is designed, simulated, fabricated, and characterized. Furthermore, the RA performance is benchmarked against a conventional RA with printed square microstrip patch UC. The simulated and measured radiation patterns of both RAs in the E-plane demonstrate the achievement of accurate beam steering at the desired angle. The proposed RA is shown to have a higher gain (25.8 dBi) and efficiency (54%) compared to the conventional RA constructed using printed circuit technology. The proposed RA design is deemed promising for applications with stringent environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9251-9258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10736400","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quasi-Nondiffractive Multibeam Antennas Based on Phase Shift Surfaces
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3484170
Zhaoqiang Gao;Yi Chen Zhong;Yongtao Jia;Jiaqi Zhu;Zhongxun Liu;Ying Liu
{"title":"Quasi-Nondiffractive Multibeam Antennas Based on Phase Shift Surfaces","authors":"Zhaoqiang Gao;Yi Chen Zhong;Yongtao Jia;Jiaqi Zhu;Zhongxun Liu;Ying Liu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3484170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3484170","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a method of generating quasi-nondiffractive multibeam is proposed. The phase synthesis method of the far-field multibeam antenna is introduced into the near-field to generate a quasi-nondiffractive multibeam. The optimization based on the reference phase of each beam superposition can effectively suppress the sidelobe of each beam and improve the efficiency of directional power transmission. Even if the Bessel beams are close enough to cause an overlap of their outer rings, it does not affect their nondiffractive characteristics. Four quasi-nondiffractive multibeam antennas are designed, and the results of electromagnetic numerical simulation, full-wave simulation, and experiments are in good agreement. The scan angle, depth of field, and ratio of the electric field magnitudes of each beam can be controlled independently. The proposed antennas make it possible to apply quasi-nondiffractive beams in fields of multitarget wireless power transmission and multiregion signal coverage.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9050-9057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Order Resonating Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna Array Based on Contactless Air-Filled Substrate-Integrated Waveguide and Transition to Inverted Grounded Coplanar Gap Waveguide
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3483996
Xiaofei Zhao;Zehong Yan;Yingying Bi;Fangfang Fan;Dongquan Sun;Bing Wei;Enlin Wang;Zelong Wang;Rongsheng Li
{"title":"High-Order Resonating Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna Array Based on Contactless Air-Filled Substrate-Integrated Waveguide and Transition to Inverted Grounded Coplanar Gap Waveguide","authors":"Xiaofei Zhao;Zehong Yan;Yingying Bi;Fangfang Fan;Dongquan Sun;Bing Wei;Enlin Wang;Zelong Wang;Rongsheng Li","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3483996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3483996","url":null,"abstract":"A contactless planar slot antenna array is proposed in this article with high realized radiation efficiency. To simplify the feeding network, slot elements in the subarray are excited by the back cavity with a high-order resonating mode (the TE430 mode). To reduce the loss and increase the efficiency, the entire antenna array, including the resonating cavity and feeding network, is realized by low-loss contactless air-filled substrate-integrated waveguide (CLAF-SIW). In addition, an inverted grounded coplanar gap waveguide (IGCPGW) is first proposed for measurements using the contactless ridge substrate-integrated waveguide (CLRSIW) as the transition to connect the CLAF-SIW. An \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$8 times 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 slot array with \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2 times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 subarrays is fabricated and fastened only by metal screws. From 36.92 to 40 GHz, the measured reflection coefficient is better than −10 dB, and the realized radiation efficiency is greater than 78.6%. The measured peak realized radiation efficiency is 89.4% at 38 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"8991-9001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Adaptive Cross Approximation for the Magnetic Field Integral Equation
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3483296
Joshua M. Tetzner;Simon B. Adrian
{"title":"On the Adaptive Cross Approximation for the Magnetic Field Integral Equation","authors":"Joshua M. Tetzner;Simon B. Adrian","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3483296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3483296","url":null,"abstract":"We present an adaptive cross approximation (ACA) strategy for the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE), where an application of the standard ACA strategy can suffer from early convergence, in particular, due to block-structured interaction matrices associated with well-separated domains of the expansion and testing functions. Our scheme relies on a combination of three pivoting strategies, where the active strategy is determined by a convergence criterion that extends the standard criterion with a mean-based random-sampling criterion; the random samples give rise to one of the pivoting strategies, while the other two are based on (standard) partial pivoting and a geometry-based pivoting. In contrast to other techniques, the purely algebraic nature and the quasi-linear complexity of the ACA for electrically small problems are maintained. Numerical results show the effectiveness of our approach.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9366-9377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Millimeter-Wave Dual-Mode Low Divergence Angle OAM Antennas With High Mode Purity in Wide Bandwidth
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3483318
Zhiqiang Liu;Xue Ren;Shaowei Liao;Wenquan Che;Quan Xue
{"title":"Millimeter-Wave Dual-Mode Low Divergence Angle OAM Antennas With High Mode Purity in Wide Bandwidth","authors":"Zhiqiang Liu;Xue Ren;Shaowei Liao;Wenquan Che;Quan Xue","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3483318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3483318","url":null,"abstract":"This communication introduces a new design of millimeter-wave (mmWave) dual-mode, low divergence angle orbital angular momentum (OAM) antennas with high mode purity over a wide bandwidth. Conventional feeding networks for OAM antennas rely on varying transmission line lengths realizing phase shift, which struggles to maintain high mode purity over a wide bandwidth. Therefore, an innovative feeding network scheme is proposed, utilizing a wideband 90° cascaded hybrid coupler and reversible feeding direction of the microstrip-to-slot transition, achieving wideband 90° and 180° phase shifts, respectively, then ensuring wideband high mode purity. Then, ±1 and ±2 mode OAM antennas are designed, where the proposed feeding network excites a lens-loaded uniform circular array (UCA). To ensure high E-field rotational symmetry and thus high OAM mode purity, the aperture of the ±1 mode UCA is shaped by loading an overmoded circular waveguide with notches. Measurement shows that the proposed OAM antennas support two simultaneous modes, with mode purity exceeding 90% and divergence angles of about ±4°/±6° from 25 to 28 GHz (11.3%). Compared to other OAM antennas, these designs excel in terms of high mode purity over a wide bandwidth in the mmWave band, making them ideal for mmWave OAM measurements and wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9486-9491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Terahertz Time-Domain Characterization of Thin Conducting Films in Reflection Mode 反射模式下导电薄膜的太赫兹时域特性分析
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3482715
Dimitrios C. Zografopoulos;Irnik Dionisiev;Nikolay Minev;Gaetana Petrone;Francesco Maita;Luca Maiolo;Dimitre Dimitrov;Vera Marinova;Andrea Liscio;Valentina Mussi;Romeo Beccherelli;Walter Fuscaldo
{"title":"Terahertz Time-Domain Characterization of Thin Conducting Films in Reflection Mode","authors":"Dimitrios C. Zografopoulos;Irnik Dionisiev;Nikolay Minev;Gaetana Petrone;Francesco Maita;Luca Maiolo;Dimitre Dimitrov;Vera Marinova;Andrea Liscio;Valentina Mussi;Romeo Beccherelli;Walter Fuscaldo","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3482715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3482715","url":null,"abstract":"A protocol for the characterization of thin conducting films (TCSs) by means of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is thoroughly presented. By employing a Gires-Tournoisétalon configuration in the reflection mode, it is shown that amplitude-only measurements are sufficient to accurately characterize the sheet resistance of thin films at THz frequencies thanks to the high sensitivity of the proposed technique. A large series of samples of nanometric thickness that span a broad range of sheet resistance values are characterized: fluorine-doped zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, nanometric titanium and reduced graphene oxide films, and tungsten and platinum diselenide. In addition, a flexible THz perfect absorber based on a Salisbury screen is experimentally demonstrated in the context of the analysis. The results confirm that THz-TDS in the reflection mode provides a powerful tool for the fast and nondestructive characterization of TCSs, such as transparent conducting oxides and emerging 2-D materials.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9301-9316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10733828","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analytical Study of 2-D Beam Synthesis in Configurable Multiport Periodic Radiators 可配置多端口周期辐射器中的二维光束合成分析研究
IF 4.6 1区 计算机科学
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3482554
Sina Rezaeeahvanouee;Yahya Tousi
{"title":"Analytical Study of 2-D Beam Synthesis in Configurable Multiport Periodic Radiators","authors":"Sina Rezaeeahvanouee;Yahya Tousi","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3482554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3482554","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces the concept of a multiport periodic antenna (MPPA) for generic beam synthesis in 2-D apertures. We propose the use of a periodic structure based on a strategically designed unit cell excited at its boundaries forming a multiport traveling wave structure. We introduce an analytical method to predict the large-scale radiation properties of the antenna only based on the S-parameters of the unit cell and by incorporating Bloch eigenmodes of the periodic structure. We first analyze the 1-D configuration based on which we develop the theory for the 2-D MPPA. Next, we demonstrate design examples that can synthesize arbitrary single-beam and multibeam patterns based on the proposed analytical abstraction of the structure. We verify the accuracy of the proposed method by comparing it with full EM-simulation of the structure demonstrating the ability of this method to effectively create configurable patterns suitable for modern antennas in mm-wave wireless systems.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 12","pages":"9229-9238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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