IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation最新文献_第5页

A Forward 3-D Scattering Center Modeling Approach of Complex Targets With Deep Cavities for SAR Image Interpretation 面向SAR图像解译的深空复杂目标前向三维散射中心建模方法

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861

Wan-Cong Li;Si-Yuan He;Wei-Hao Huang;Jin Hu;Yun-Hua Zhang;Xiao-Yong Du

{"title":"A Forward 3-D Scattering Center Modeling Approach of Complex Targets With Deep Cavities for SAR Image Interpretation","authors":"Wan-Cong Li;Si-Yuan He;Wei-Hao Huang;Jin Hu;Yun-Hua Zhang;Xiao-Yong Du","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574861","url":null,"abstract":"The structure with multiple reflections is commonly observed in radar targets and can form dominant scattering sources. However, their scattering centers (SCs) tend to deviate from the expected target region and display instability with changing observation angles, complicating SC analysis and interpretation. To elucidate the mapping relationship between apparent SC and target geometry with multiple reflections, this article proposes a forward approach to establish the 3-D parametric SC model for complex targets, particularly those with deep cavities. The forward-constructed model is a concise combination of clear physical parameters that are characterized by robust inferential and descriptive capabilities. Specifically, we first utilize ray tracing and clustering techniques to discretize the scattering of a target into several component-level scattering sources. Then, for each source, a set of physically relevant parameters is calculated in a forward (cause-to-effect) manner, incorporating a deeper understanding of the high-frequency mechanisms. This direct quantitative deductive modeling approach allows for the simultaneous attachment of scattering mechanisms and target information to the SC model. Meanwhile, the physical formation process of the SC type (localized or distributed) and 3-D position is explicated in multiple scattering scenarios. Finally, the efficacy of this forward modeling is validated through comparisons between the model-reconstructed and high-frequency (or full-wave) simulated high-resolution range profiles (HRRPs) or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of cavities and complex targets. In addition, those numerical examples also demonstrate the interpretation capabilities of the proposed forward model.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6546-6561"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jensen–Shannon Divergence Hypothesis Test for Determining Reverberation Chamber Field Distribution 确定混响室场分布的Jensen-Shannon散度假设检验

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921

Wei Xue;Jing Sun;Falu Liang;Jing Hou;Yan Yang;Weiping Shang;Xiaoming Chen;Gabriele Gradoni;Yi Huang

{"title":"Jensen–Shannon Divergence Hypothesis Test for Determining Reverberation Chamber Field Distribution","authors":"Wei Xue;Jing Sun;Falu Liang;Jing Hou;Yan Yang;Weiping Shang;Xiaoming Chen;Gabriele Gradoni;Yi Huang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574921","url":null,"abstract":"Since the field distribution within a reverberation chamber (RC) depends on multiple factors, ascertaining the exact distribution is rather complicated. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) and Anderson–Darling (AD) are conventional hypothesis tests applied to field determination. However, both KS and AD tests may struggle to determine the most suitable distribution model in some practical scenarios. In this work, the Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD) hypothesis test is proposed to address this issue. The performances of KS, AD, and JSD tests are fully studied through extensive simulations and measurements. It is found that the JSD test outperforms KS and AD tests in most cases, which indicates that the JSD test has a wider application range. The effects caused by various factors on the performances of KS, AD, and JSD tests are analyzed, and guidelines for balancing the complexity and performance are given as well. In addition, the practical uses and potential challenges of JSD are discussed. Our findings provide a promising solution to the field determinations and enrich the hypothesis test framework in the antenna and propagation community.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6855-6870"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and Analysis of Underwater Wireless Optical Propagation Channels in SIMO-EGG Systems With Arbitrary Receiver Array Geometries 具有任意接收阵列的SIMO-EGG系统水下无线光传播信道建模与分析

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880

Fan Yang;Miaomiao Yi;Shuigen Zhang

{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of Underwater Wireless Optical Propagation Channels in SIMO-EGG Systems With Arbitrary Receiver Array Geometries","authors":"Fan Yang;Miaomiao Yi;Shuigen Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3574880","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a piecewise Gaussian beam spread function with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ N $ </tex-math></inline-formula> segments (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) to characterize the optical propagation channels in single-input multiple-output (SIMO) underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems, with a particular focus on scenarios involving receiver array of various geometries. This model employs a piecewise Gaussian function to flexibly describe the spatial relationship between the optical beam and receiver array of various geometries. It is highly effective in capturing the spatial differences among the receiver array and their impact on system performance when receivers are independent and nonidentically distributed. Comparisons with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations demonstrate that the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> model achieves high consistency in predicting system performance, such as outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER), across different water qualities, receiver jitter levels, and configurations of independent nonidentically distributed receivers, thereby verifying its robustness and accuracy under complex conditions. In terms of OP, the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {PG-BSF}_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> model significantly outperforms the traditional Beer-Lambert (BL) model, with differences reaching tens of dB under severe receiver jitter. These findings are crucial for the efficient and precise design of physical and network layer algorithms for the underwater Internet of Things (UIoT).","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6731-6743"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fully Stable Formulations of the Spherically Layered Media Theory Using Scaled Bessel Functions 利用标度贝塞尔函数的球层介质理论的完全稳定公式

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573766

Jia Hui Wang;Bo O. Zhu

{"title":"Fully Stable Formulations of the Spherically Layered Media Theory Using Scaled Bessel Functions","authors":"Jia Hui Wang;Bo O. Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573766","url":null,"abstract":"The spherically layered media (SLM) theory has wide applications for electromagnetic wave scattering analysis. Due to the involved Bessel functions, the traditional formulations of the SLM theory suffer from numerical overflow or underflow when the Bessel function’s order is large, the argument is small, or the argument has a large imaginary part. Recently, by arranging the Bessel functions in ratio forms and computing these ratios with recursive formulas, these numerical issues have been solved. However, the iteration direction of some ratios is backward, i.e., from large order to small order, which is inconvenient in coding. Another method proposed recently for the numerical issues with SLM theory is to use the small-argument asymptotic formulas of Bessel functions and cancel out the divergent factors. This method can be carried out simply in forward manner, but it only solves the first two issues mentioned above while the third issue remains unsolved for this method. In this article, the Bessel functions in the traditional formulation of the theory are replaced by the scaled Bessel functions which have good numerical properties for high-loss media. As a result, the numerical breakdown issue of the SLM theory in high-loss case can be solved. Then, asymptotic formulas for the scaled Bessel functions are derived and applied to the theory to solve the numerical breakdown problem when the arguments of the scaled Bessel functions are small or the functions’ order is large. By this way, fully numerically stable formulations of the SLM theory are obtained, and the series summation is performed directly without any backward iterations. Numerical tests show that the proposed approach can work properly when the media are very high lossy, the arguments are very small, or the scaled Bessel functions’ order is very large.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6718-6730"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface-Wave Metaprism for Smart Surface Communications 用于智能地面通信的表面波元棱镜

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573607

Talha Arshed;Stefano Maci;Enrica Martini

{"title":"Surface-Wave Metaprism for Smart Surface Communications","authors":"Talha Arshed;Stefano Maci;Enrica Martini","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573607","url":null,"abstract":"We present a design technique and numerical validation for a surface-wave “metaprism” (MTP) acting as a frequency-dependent anomalous reflector for next-generation communications in a smart radio environment (SRE). This device holds promise for enabling physical layer frequency multiplexing and addressing waves in radio blockages. The proposed MTP is constituted by a passive and nonreconfigurable metasurface (MTS) comprising three sections. The first section (receiver) operates with low dispersion, receiving broadband signals coming from the base transceiver station (BTS) at a predefined angle and converting them into surface waves (SWs). The subsequent transition section gradually increases the dispersion of SW, guiding it toward the highly dispersive transmitter section, which finally converts the SW into space waves (SPWs) radiated toward frequency-dependent angular directions. The latter property motivates the name “MTP.” MTP is implemented by an array of subwavelength metallic patches printed on a grounded dielectric slab, initially modeled using a homogenized penetrable impedance boundary condition (PIBC). The dispersion analysis of the MTS unit cell reveals the impact of patch geometry on dispersion characteristics, which is important for achieving broad scanning performance. Full-wave simulations validate the design, demonstrating high-power conversion efficiency and a reasonable frequency scan range. Moreover, the study compares the performance of SW-based MTP with that of a spatially dispersive reflecting intelligent surface (RIS), highlighting the advantages of MTP. In addition, this article investigates an “around the corner” design, where the SW reroutes the signal around a bent transition section, shading light on the relationship between SW dispersion and power loss due to edge diffraction.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6535-6545"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11021317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Adaptive HODBF Direct Solver for Fast Solutions of Surface Integral Equations in Electromagnetic Analysis 电磁分析中曲面积分方程快速解的自适应HODBF直接求解器

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573504

Ye Pan;Xiao-Wei Huang;Xin-Qing Sheng

{"title":"An Adaptive HODBF Direct Solver for Fast Solutions of Surface Integral Equations in Electromagnetic Analysis","authors":"Ye Pan;Xiao-Wei Huang;Xin-Qing Sheng","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573504","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an adaptive hierarchically off-diagonal butterfly (A-HODBF) direct solver for fast solutions of surface integral equation (SIE) in electromagnetic analysis. The solver utilizes the hierarchically off-diagonal (HOD) structure in conjunction with the butterfly (BF) algorithm to compress the impedance matrix and intermediate factors during the inversion process. To maintain low computational complexity, a novel adaptive BF compression and reconstruction strategy is developed for off-diagonal blocks, avoiding oversampling during the filling process and reducing the dimension of test random matrices during the reconstruction process. This adaptive approach not only enhances computational efficiency but also ensures high accuracy. By employing the A-HODBF direct solver, we have successfully extended the BF algorithm from the strong admissible condition to the weak admissible condition while maintaining computational complexity at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$O(N^{1.5}log N)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and memory requirements at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$O(N log^{2}N)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for SIE in 3-D scattering problems. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solver, indicating significant improvements over existing methods.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6659-6669"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of Broadband Scattering Properties of PEC/Dielectric Composite Objects Using Adaptive Integral Methods and Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation 基于自适应积分法和渐近波形评估的PEC/介电复合物体宽带散射特性研究

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573566

Lin Chen;Xing Wang;Zhou Xu;Yi Zeng;Jingyu Ruan;Chun-Heng Liu;Ying Liu;Wei Lin

{"title":"Investigation of Broadband Scattering Properties of PEC/Dielectric Composite Objects Using Adaptive Integral Methods and Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation","authors":"Lin Chen;Xing Wang;Zhou Xu;Yi Zeng;Jingyu Ruan;Chun-Heng Liu;Ying Liu;Wei Lin","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573566","url":null,"abstract":"In this communication, we propose a novel technique based on the electric field integral equation (EFIE)-coupled Poggio-Miller–Chang-Harrington–Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) equation to effectively analyze the broadband properties of dielectric/metallic composite objects. In the conventional asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) technique, the Padé approximation solution obtained by Taylor series fitting is used to achieve a fast frequency sweep. In addition to computing and storing the high-order frequency derivatives of the impedance matrix, the moments of the linear system have to be solved iteratively. In this communication, the pseudospectral derivative method (PSDM) is used to derive the high-order impedance matrix at the center point from the zero-order impedance matrix at the AWE sampling point based on Gauss-Lobatto–Chebyshev (GLC) interpolation. Furthermore, the adaptive integral method (AIM) is used to solve integral equations and reduce the storage of zero-order impedance matrices. It also speeds up all matrix-vector multiplications in linear matrix systems and iterative solvers. The results of the three numerical examples show that the proposed method achieves higher computational efficiency by avoiding full frequency sweeps while maintaining accuracy in computing wideband scattering responses.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"7033-7038"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 1-bit, Electronically Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna With an Octave Bandwidth 一种具有倍频宽的1位电子可重构反射天线

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573528

Jinkai Wu;Mohammad Mahdi Honari;Halil Topözlü;Shichen Qiao;Jiahao Zhao;John H. Booske;Nader Behdad

{"title":"A 1-bit, Electronically Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna With an Octave Bandwidth","authors":"Jinkai Wu;Mohammad Mahdi Honari;Halil Topözlü;Shichen Qiao;Jiahao Zhao;John H. Booske;Nader Behdad","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573528","url":null,"abstract":"We present a wideband, low-cost, and electronically reconfigurable reflectarray antenna (ERRA). The unit cell of the proposed design provides a 1-bit phase quantization with a bandwidth of 2.2:1 using only one p-i-n diode per unit cell. Each unit cell consists of a wideband dipole antenna placed above the common ground, and a reflecting circuit situated beneath the ground and electrically connected to the dipole antenna. By relating the impedances of the reflecting circuit in its two modes of operation and that of the antenna to the desired unit-cell response, we derive the conditions needed to achieve very wide operational bandwidth over which the unit cell provides a 0°/180° reflection phase response. Using this approach, we designed, fabricated, and characterized a 625-element reflectarray prototype. The digital control circuit of the reflectarray was also designed, fabricated, and integrated with it. Both simulation and measurement results in E-, H-, and D-planes revealed that this reflectarray is capable of performing 2-D beam steering with a scan range of ±45° over a bandwidth exceeding one octave (4.5–9.2 GHz).","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6499-6511"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis and Design of Multiple Narrow Reflectionless Notched Bands Integrated UWB Monopole Antenna 多窄无反射陷波带集成超宽带单极天线的分析与设计

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573612

Jinlun Li;Yifan Yin;Mei Yang;Shunli Li;Hongxin Zhao

{"title":"Analysis and Design of Multiple Narrow Reflectionless Notched Bands Integrated UWB Monopole Antenna","authors":"Jinlun Li;Yifan Yin;Mei Yang;Shunli Li;Hongxin Zhao","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573612","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes an ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna with multiple integrated narrow reflectionless notched bands (RNBs). A multimode resonant slot is etched in the monopole radiator to generate high-impedance open-circuit characteristics at the antenna feeding point. Multiple coupled and embedded absorptive stubs are integrated into the microstrip feed line to dissipate the input notched-band (NB) energy, enabling RNB characteristics. A single RNB antenna is initially analyzed and designed to demonstrate the operating mechanisms of the resonant slot and coupled absorptive stubs, as well as the conditions for RNB. Then, a triple RNB antenna is designed based on the conceptual circuit model of multiple RNBs to inhibit the interference from 3.5 GHz [microwave access (WiMAX)], 5.5 GHz [wireless local area network (WLAN)], and 7.4 GHz (satellite communications). All the results validate the mechanism and indicate that the proposed antenna can significantly reduce the radiation efficiency and the realized peak gain in the multiple narrow NBs while maintaining the reflection coefficient below −10 dB from 3 to 10 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"7027-7032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum Annealing-Inspired Optimization for Space–Time Coding Metasurface 时空编码元曲面的量子退火优化

IF 5.8 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3573526

Shuai S. A. Yuan;Yutong Jiang;Ziyi Zhang;Jia Nan Zhang;Feng Liu;Jian Wei You;Wei E. I. Sha

{"title":"Quantum Annealing-Inspired Optimization for Space–Time Coding Metasurface","authors":"Shuai S. A. Yuan;Yutong Jiang;Ziyi Zhang;Jia Nan Zhang;Feng Liu;Jian Wei You;Wei E. I. Sha","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3573526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3573526","url":null,"abstract":"Space–time coding metasurfaces introduce a new degree of freedom (DOF) in the temporal domain, enabling advanced manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves, particularly in controlling waves at different harmonic frequencies. Many applications of such metasurfaces rely on optimization algorithms to achieve specific functionalities. However, the computational cost of these algorithms becomes prohibitive when optimizing metasurfaces with large spatial and time dimensions. To address this challenge, we propose a quantum annealing-inspired optimization framework designed to efficiently optimize space–time coding metasurfaces. First, the scattering behavior of space–time coding metasurface is mapped into the form of a binary spin model, where the phase of each meta-atom, including the discretization into arbitrary bits, is encoded as spins. Next, we construct the fitness function tailored to the desired optimization goals, and the resulting binary spin problem is then solved using a quantum-inspired simulated bifurcation (SB) algorithm. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through several representative examples, including single-beam steering, multibeam steering, and waveform design at arbitrary harmonic frequencies. The proposed method significantly enhances the optimization efficiency, delivering high-quality solutions while substantially reducing computational time compared to genetic algorithms (GAs), quantum-inspired GAs (QGAs), and simulated annealing (SA). This advancement enables the practical optimization of large-scale space–time coding metasurfaces, paving the way for their broader application in advanced EM wave manipulation.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 9","pages":"6512-6524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0