IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation最新文献

The Incomplete Adaptive Cross Approximation for the Fast Construction of $mathcal{H}^{2}$ -Matrices and Its Application to the Electric Field Integral Equation for Electrically Small Problems $mathcal{H}^{2}$ -矩阵快速构造的不完全自适应交叉逼近及其在电小问题电场积分方程中的应用

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3687274

Joshua M. Tetzner;Simon B. Adrian

引用次数: 0

A DG-FEM-GSTC Method for Fast Simulation of Metasurfaces With Strong Normal Polarization 强法向极化超表面的快速模拟

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3625208

Kaiming Wu;Kaier Shuai;Qiang Ren

{"title":"A DG-FEM-GSTC Method for Fast Simulation of Metasurfaces With Strong Normal Polarization","authors":"Kaiming Wu;Kaier Shuai;Qiang Ren","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3625208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3625208","url":null,"abstract":"An improved discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite-element method (FEM) incorporated with generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) for rapid simulation of metasurfaces (MSs) is proposed. Replacing the actual electrically small structure of meta-atoms (MAs) with a zero-thickness sheet with surface polarizations realizes the rapid simulation of the macroscopic field response. Compared with the previous work on the FEM-GSTC method, the improved method takes the normal components of surface polarizations into account; thus, it can accurately simulate the MSs with strong response in the normal direction or deal with the oblique incidence problem. We introduce the flux in the DG method to handle the gradient of normal polarizations in FEM and propose the special treatments at the boundary of the finite GSTC interface. Both 2-D and 3-D versions of the DG-FEM-GSTC method are presented for different simulation scenarios. Numerical examples, including an ideal model and some practical MSs, are provided. Comparisons with the results of actual structures obtained from commercial software demonstrate that the improved method can accurately reproduce the macroscopic response of the MS, while consuming less computational time and memory resources.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7297-7309"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Accurate Weighted Parameter-Enhanced Conformal Method for Dispersive FDTD Method 色散时域有限差分法的精确加权参数增强保形方法

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3627692

Zhonghui Li;Minquan Li;Junqiang Wang;Guocui Zhu;Xianliang Wu;Zhixiang Huang;Kaikun Niu

{"title":"An Accurate Weighted Parameter-Enhanced Conformal Method for Dispersive FDTD Method","authors":"Zhonghui Li;Minquan Li;Junqiang Wang;Guocui Zhu;Xianliang Wu;Zhixiang Huang;Kaikun Niu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3627692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3627692","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel dispersion-conformal finite-difference time-domain (DC-FDTD) algorithm that significantly enhances both the accuracy and computational efficiency of electromagnetic simulations in dispersive media. The proposed method introduces a weighted dispersion parameter scheme within the Debye model, wherein the weighting coefficients are systematically derived using the inclusive grid method. This approach enables the use of coarser computational grids while achieving an accuracy level comparable to that of finer meshes, thereby substantially reducing computational cost. Compared to conventional FDTD techniques, the DC-FDTD method offers improved accuracy without incurring additional runtime or memory usage and maintains numerical stability throughout the simulation process. Through rigorous theoretical derivation, the DC-FDTD formulation is shown to retain structural consistency with the standard FDTD dispersion scheme, requiring only minor modifications to the original update coefficients. This design allows for seamless integration into existing FDTD frameworks. Moreover, the method exhibits strong adaptability to highly curved geometries and electrically large, structurally complex models—conditions under which conventional FDTD approaches often face significant limitations. To comprehensively validate the proposed method, four representative case studies were conducted across a range of practical application scenarios. The results confirm that the DC-FDTD method accurately captures dispersive behaviors while offering substantial gains in computational efficiency. Its ease of implementation, high accuracy, and robust performance underscore its strong potential for applications in radio frequency (RF) engineering, biomedical imaging, and other domains requiring precise modeling of complex dispersive media.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7213-7227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monolithically Integrated Inkjet-Printed Magneto-Electric Dipole Antennas and Arrays 单片集成喷墨印刷磁电偶极子天线和阵列

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3690195

Kevin Martin;Dimitra Psychogiou

{"title":"Monolithically Integrated Inkjet-Printed Magneto-Electric Dipole Antennas and Arrays","authors":"Kevin Martin;Dimitra Psychogiou","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2026.3690195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2026.3690195","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports on a new class of fully monolithically integrated 3-D antennas and antenna arrays based on single-polarized and dual-polarized magneto-electric (ME) dipole elements. A new multimaterial piezo drop-on-demand inkjet printing integration scheme is used to facilitate monolithic 3-D integration, size compactness, and performance enhancement. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, prototypes of single- and dual-polarized antenna elements and arrays were designed, manufactured, and tested at Ku-band. They include 1) a single-polarized ME (SPME) dipole antenna with center frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$f_{text {cen}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 13 GHz, gain of 6.3 dB and bandwidth (BW) of 4.2 GHz; 2) a dual-polarized ME (DPME) dipole antenna with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$f_{text {cen}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 15 GHz, gain of 5.8 dB and overlapped BW of 3.5 GHz; 3) a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1{,}times{,} 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SPME-based antenna array with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$f_{text {cen}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 13 GHz, gain of 7.5 dB and BW of 4.61 GHz; and 4) a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$2{,}times{,} 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> DPME-based antenna array with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$f_{text {cen}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 15 GHz, gain of 8.36 dB, and overlapped BW of 3.85 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7511-7525"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11514959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ad-SACNet: Spatial Attention Compression Network for Atmospheric Duct Inversion With Radar Sea Clutter Data Ad-SACNet：基于雷达海杂波数据的大气管道反演空间注意力压缩网络

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3645358

Jiajing Wu;Ziliang Wei;Che Liu;Qian Ma;Zhiqiang Wei;Tiejun Cui;Qingliang Li;Xiaoyu Wu;Junyu Ye;Shuqin Wu;Jianye Wang

{"title":"Ad-SACNet: Spatial Attention Compression Network for Atmospheric Duct Inversion With Radar Sea Clutter Data","authors":"Jiajing Wu;Ziliang Wei;Che Liu;Qian Ma;Zhiqiang Wei;Tiejun Cui;Qingliang Li;Xiaoyu Wu;Junyu Ye;Shuqin Wu;Jianye Wang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3645358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3645358","url":null,"abstract":"As an abnormal atmospheric phenomenon, an atmospheric duct makes electromagnetic waves deviate from the original orbital direction and causes radar detection blind spots. Therefore, accurate atmospheric duct prediction can take corresponding measures to correct and compensate the duct structure in time and provide radar air traffic control warning. However, when accounting for the inhomogeneous variations of atmospheric ducts, high-dimensional atmospheric duct profile modeling is required, and such high-dimensional inversion involves enormous computational complexity and consequently impairs the practical inversion speed. Additionally, deep learning-based atmospheric duct inversion models, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN), fail to fully leverage information regarding the spatial inhomogeneous variations of atmospheric ducts. Thus, this study proposes a framework named Ad-SACNet, which inverts the variations of the atmospheric duct modified refractive index profile (M-profile) from the perspective of accounting for the high-dimensional and complex variations of atmospheric ducts. Specifically, in our method, the high-dimensional atmospheric duct M profile is first spatially compressed to reduce the computational complexity of the inversion model. Then, three multiscale modules are operated to mine spatial inhomogeneous features. Finally, the output of the three modules is integrated by the fusion module to fully exploit the spatial inhomogeneity of the atmospheric duct, which is exploited to attain the final atmospheric duct inversion results. Based on radar simulation and measured data, this article comprehensively evaluates and compares the proposed Ad-SACNet. The accuracy of the inversion obtained for simulated and measured radar sea clutter by Ad-SACNet is better than the most advanced baseline.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7967-7981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

All-Silicon Planar Parabolic Reflector Antenna for Terahertz Applications 用于太赫兹应用的全硅平面抛物面反射天线

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3694107

Nikolaos Xenidis;Alireza Madannejad;Joachim Oberhammer;Dmitri Lioubtchenko

{"title":"All-Silicon Planar Parabolic Reflector Antenna for Terahertz Applications","authors":"Nikolaos Xenidis;Alireza Madannejad;Joachim Oberhammer;Dmitri Lioubtchenko","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2026.3694107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2026.3694107","url":null,"abstract":"The development of practical terahertz (THz) systems requires high-gain, broadband, and robust integrated antennas. In recent years, many photonics-inspired all-dielectric components have been demonstrated; however, the practical implementation of existing devices usually relies on perforated structures that can be fragile and exhibit cutoffs related to their gratings. In this article, we present a novel, all-dielectric planar antenna that avoids perforations entirely. The antenna employs a dielectric slab parabolic reflector that collimates incident waves toward radiating rods, producing a fan-shaped beam. A thorough investigation of the optimal guided-wave collimating structure is presented utilizing geometric optics, along with a proof of concept for its use as a beam launcher in integrated THz circuits. Thereafter, the device is adapted as an antenna. The novel antenna, <inline-formula> <tex-math>$19.83times 20.97$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm in footprint and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$200~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m thick, is broadband, low profile, readily integrable with planar, on-chip components, and exhibits a nearly flat gain across the 220–330 GHz range, with a maximum value of 21.5 dBi. Input reflection coefficient magnitude is below −20 dB across the entire range, indicating excellent 40% fractional bandwidth, and a sidelobe level (SLL) reaching as low as −28.4 dB for the E-plane and −39.5 dB for the H-plane.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7575-7585"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11534398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring Linear Array Mutual Coupling Terms and Element Positions From Embedded Element Patterns 从嵌入元件模式测量线阵相互耦合项和元件位置

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3692659

Jacki Gilmore;Michele Pugno;Annie Cuyt

引用次数: 0

Explainable Causal Forecasting Model for Maximum Usable Frequency in HF Wireless Communications 高频无线通信中最大可用频率的可解释因果预测模型

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-29 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3696058

Qiao Yu;Jian Wang;Cheng Yang;Chuang Yang;Jieqing Fan;Yu Zheng

{"title":"Explainable Causal Forecasting Model for Maximum Usable Frequency in HF Wireless Communications","authors":"Qiao Yu;Jian Wang;Cheng Yang;Chuang Yang;Jieqing Fan;Yu Zheng","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2026.3696058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2026.3696058","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate forecasting of the Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) remains a major challenge in high-frequency (HF) wireless communications, where ionospheric variability directly impacts channel availability. This study develops a high-accuracy MUF forecasting framework using empirical data from 17 HF circuits across China to enhance the precision of frequency selection in HF communication. The main contributions are: 1) this study applies the Granger causality test for the first time to identify statistically significant causal relationships between MUF and space weather parameters. Lagged variables demonstrating causal influence are then selected as input features for the forecasting model; 2) in addition to traditional solar activity indices and geomagnetic data, this study also considers the influence of interplanetary parameters [Bz and solar wind (SW)] on MUF forecasting performance; and 3) this study is the first to utilize the interpretable TabNet model for MUF forecasting, enabling quantification of input feature importance. Hyperparameter tuning is performed using simulated annealing to enhance model performance. Compared with the Voice of America Coverage Analysis Program (VOACAP) and ITU-R REC533 models, the proposed TabNet model demonstrates high stability and forecasting accuracy across seasonal and hourly timescales. Overall, across these established models, it achieves a 35.34% improvement in performance. This work offers a fresh perspective on frequency optimization in HF communications, laying the groundwork for future advancements in adaptive communication strategies.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"8013-8025"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel 2-D High-Frequency Discontinuous Galerkin Method With Phase Information for Scattering in Nonsmooth Inhomogeneous Media 基于相位信息的二维高频间断伽辽金方法在非光滑非均匀介质中的散射

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2025.3594508

Haoqiang Feng;Shubin Fu;Qiwei Zhan

{"title":"A Novel 2-D High-Frequency Discontinuous Galerkin Method With Phase Information for Scattering in Nonsmooth Inhomogeneous Media","authors":"Haoqiang Feng;Shubin Fu;Qiwei Zhan","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3594508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3594508","url":null,"abstract":"Full-wave numerical methods for electromagnetic scattering require a high density of sampling points per wavelength. This leads to excessive computational costs in high-frequency modeling. Asymptotic and hybrid approaches have been developed to address these challenges by leveraging phase information. However, existing phase-based techniques struggle with nonsmooth, inhomogeneous media due to numerical discretization at material interfaces and phase discontinuities. We build upon our previous work and present an optimized phase-informed hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (PI-HDG) method. This method combines the strengths of the HDG framework and phase information. It effectively captures phase variations at nonsmooth, inhomogeneous interfaces while maintaining computational accuracy with fewer degrees of freedom (DoFs). Numerical experiments validate its stability, convergence, and efficiency in 2-D high-frequency electromagnetic modeling involving complex nonsmooth inhomogeneous media. Specifically, in high-frequency modeling involving a coated target, we achieve an error of 1/31 compared with the reference finite element software, while the computational cost is approximately twice that of low-frequency modeling.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7285-7296"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-Polarized 3-D Frequency-Selective Surface for Extremely Oblique Incidence Applications 用于极斜入射应用的双偏振三维频率选择表面

IF 5.9 1区计算机科学

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2026.3693459

Run-Zhi Tang;Shi-Wei Qu

{"title":"Dual-Polarized 3-D Frequency-Selective Surface for Extremely Oblique Incidence Applications","authors":"Run-Zhi Tang;Shi-Wei Qu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2026.3693459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2026.3693459","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a 3-D low-pass frequency-selective surface (FSS) for extremely oblique incidence is proposed using a novel design method. Theoretically, consistent frequency responses for dual polarizations can be achieved by adjusting the permittivity of the FSS. To implement it, meandering-line crossed dipoles (MLCDs) are innovatively employed in the 3-D FSS design to obtain tunable permittivity. Additionally, absorbing blocks are incorporated to broaden the stopband bandwidth. The simulation results of the proposed low-pass 3-D FSS demonstrate outstanding polarization stability at an incident angle as large as 80°, with an ultrawide stopband bandwidth up to 18 GHz, an insertion loss of less than 3 dB within the passband below 1.1 GHz, and a low profile of only <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.019{,}lambda _{p0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (where <inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda _{p0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of passband). Finally, the numerical results are experimentally validated by a fabricated prototype, confirming the distinctive superiorities of the proposed design method over conventional designs for extremely oblique incidence applications.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"74 8","pages":"7770-7779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0