{"title":"The Inverse Scattering of Second-Order Nonlinear Media Based on Distorted Born Iterative Method","authors":"Shi Qiang Wu;Bo O. Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3547624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3547624","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear media are the building blocks for nonlinear optical devices. The parameter retrieval of nonlinear media is an important problem for nonlinear optics. However, the maturity and accuracy of nonlinear media retrieval methods lag behind that of ordinary linear media retrieval methods because it is difficult to analytically solve the Maxwell equations containing nonlinear media. Various approximations and simplifications have to be made in order to derive the analytical formulas for nonlinear parameter retrievals. Since the material’s electromagnetic (EM) parameter retrieval problem belongs to the EM inverse scattering problem, the accuracy of nonlinear media parameter retrievals can be improved if EM inverse scattering techniques, which are full-wave numerical methods, can be employed. Conventionally, EM inverse scattering methods work for linear media. In this communication, we generalize the distorted Born iterative method (DBIM), which is a popular EM inverse scattering method for linear media, to the second-order nonlinear media case. The numerical tests show that the nonlinear parameter distribution of a 1-D problem can be determined with the generalized DBIM.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 6","pages":"4140-4145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Fast Far-Field Phased Array Calibration Method Utilizing Deep Residual Neural Networks","authors":"Haotian Chen;Xinhong Xie;Zixian Ma;Haohong Xu;Bing Lan;Nayu Li;Xiaokang Qi;Changyou Men;Chunyi Song;Zhiwei Xu","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3547915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3547915","url":null,"abstract":"The calibration for a large phased array requires a significant amount of measurements using existing calibration methods. To accelerate the calibration process, this article proposes a novel fast far-field phased array calibration method utilizing deep residual neural networks. In the proposed method, a new feature extraction scheme (FES) is developed and applied to reconstruct the measured complex array signals in far-field into image data, which are then fed into the residual neural networks to train the calibration model. Specifically, the proposed one can train the calibration model based on datasets entirely generated by simulation, and the trained model can be directly applied across various array intervals, frequency bands, and calibration directions, given the same number of array elements. Consequently, the proposed algorithm excels in calibration efficiency as compared to conventional methods. For the verification, the proposed method is applied to the C-band, X-band, K-band, and Ka-band phased arrays that are produced based on our in-house integrated circuits (ICs). Measurement results obtained in the anechoic chamber validate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 4","pages":"2217-2231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3564201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3564201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 5","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3564199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3564199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 5","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microwave, mm and THz Imaging and Sensing Systems and Technologies for Medical Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3564191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3564191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 5","pages":"3430-3430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutional Listings","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3564203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3564203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 5","pages":"C4-C4"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical and Analytical Methods for Complex Electromagnetic Media","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3564193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3564193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 5","pages":"3431-3431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10990134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Method for Reducing High-Frequency Sidelobes of a Millimeter-Wave Double-Ridged Horn Antenna","authors":"Benjamin S. Cross;Dejan S. Filipovic","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3565893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3565893","url":null,"abstract":"A simple method for reducing sidelobes at high frequencies and stabilizing the 10 dB-beamwidth of a wideband, 36–95 GHz millimeter-wave ridged feed horn is proposed. Specifically, the modulation of the ridges enabled by additive manufacturing is shown to lower sidelobe levels by up to 10 dB within a 15 GHz SLL reduction bandwidth. Tradeoffs between sidelobe levels, phase center, and impedance match are studied using parameterized full-wave models; the near-field, far-field, and port results are all used in characterizing our antennas. Atheoretical analysis of the proposed design using the sampled aperture fields (simulated) indicates that the increased phase taper and flattened amplitude distribution directly cause the sidelobe reduction and beamwidth broadening. Measured far-field results agree well with theory, validating the robustness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 6","pages":"4098-4103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng Wang;Qian Yao;Ji Ran Chen;Zhang Wen Cheng;Tie Jun Cui;Hui Feng Ma
{"title":"Stable and Continuous Dual-Band Leaky Wave Radiation Based on the SSPPs and Periodic Mode-Modulation Method","authors":"Meng Wang;Qian Yao;Ji Ran Chen;Zhang Wen Cheng;Tie Jun Cui;Hui Feng Ma","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3544924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3544924","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, it is still challenging for dual-band leaky wave antennas (DB-LWAs) to achieve stable and continuous backward-to-forward beam scanning radiation. In this communication, we prove that spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) and periodic mode-modulation methods can be used to solve this problem. The proposed dual-band mode-modulated leaky wave antenna (LWA) consists of modified substrate-integrated coaxial lines and microstrip lines based on the SSPPs transmission line (TL). The strong dispersion effect of SSPPs allows the LWA not only to satisfy the −1st harmonic radiation in the low band, but also to realize the −2nd harmonic radiation in the high band. Because two discontinuities of each mode-modulation period form a pair of reflected waves naturally that can cancel each other, the proposed LWA can suppress the open-stopband (OSB) effect in two bands simultaneously with the rare dual-band continuous beam-scanning capability. Besides, the slow wave effect of the SSPPs counteracts the gradual increase in radiated energy with the frequency of the LWA, resulting in more stable leaky wave radiation. Experiment results confirm that the proposed DB-LWA can realize −81° to 42° and −44° to 5° continuous beam scanning in two bands (7–12.8 and 14–16.1 GHz), respectively, with the gain stability of 0.13 and 0.19, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 6","pages":"4170-4175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2025.3540684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2025.3540684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"73 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10909736","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}