2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)最新文献

{"title":"Ground Risk Assessment Service Provider (GRASP) Development Effort as a Supplemental Data Service Provider (SDSP) for Urban Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Operations","authors":"Ersin Ancel, T. Helsel, Christina M. Heinich","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081659","url":null,"abstract":"NASA's Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) project aims to enable the integration of new aviation paradigms such as Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) while providing the necessary infrastructure for future concepts such as On-Demand Mobility (ODM) and Urban Air Mobility (UAM) operations in the National Airspace System (NAS). In order to do so, the UTM project has developed an architecture to allow communication among UAS operators, UAS Service Suppliers (USS), Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSP), and the public. As part of this framework, the Supplemental Data Service Providers (SDSP) are envisioned as model and/or data based services that disseminate essential or enhanced information to ensure safe operations within low-altitude airspace. These services include terrain and obstacle data, specialized weather data, surveillance, constraint information, risk monitoring, etc. This paper highlights the development efforts of a non-participant casualty risk assessment SDSP called Ground Risk Assessment Service Provider (GRASP) which assists operators with pre-flight planning. GRASP is based on the previously introduced UTM Risk Assessment Framework (URAF) and allows UAS operators to simulate and visualize potential non-participant casualty risks associated with their proposed flight. The risk assessment capability also allows operators to revise their flight plans if the casualty risks are determined to be above acceptable thresholds. GRASP is configured to account for future improvements including servicing airborne aircraft as part of NASA's System-Wide Safety (SWS) project.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134161120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of a Playbook Interface for Human-Autonomy Teaming in Single Pilot Operations","authors":"G. Tokadlı, M. Dorneich, M. Matessa, Seiya Eda","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents preliminary results of an evaluation of a Playbook delegation interface for human-autonomy teaming (HAT) in Single Pilot Operations (SPO). In this context, autonomy is defined as a class of automation that acts with more intention and authority, and it behaves more like a team member than a tool. In SPO, there will be a single pilot who will serve as the pilot-in-command (PIC) to make all flight decisions, perform flight tasks, and collaborate with an autonomous teammate during the flight. To enable a move to SPO, an autonomous teammate would share responsibility, authority, and tasks with a human operator to achieve the mission goals. HAT is the study of how to design the functions, interaction, and skills of autonomous teammate to work best with humans as a team. A Playbook interface has been developed as a delegation interface for HAT to support the single pilot during the flights. It allows humans to express their intent to an autonomous teammate to efficiently adapt the function allocation in response to a situation. This may lead to more efficient coordination and joint team performance. The ability to delegate implies that function allocation between teammates can be dynamic and responsive to the current situation. Specifically, in HAT, the challenge in deciding the function allocation prior to and during task execution is how to enable teammates to express their intent to each other quickly and accurately. In SPO, Playbook enables the single pilot to call a template play and modify it with the collaboration of the autonomous teammate. The modification of a play allows not only the changing of task details but also allows changes in allocation between the human and the autonomous teammates. The Playbook evaluation study aims to evaluate (1) the ability of pilots to make function allocation decisions in real-time, and (2) the usability and functionality of the Playbook interface.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115205940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Routing and Charging Scheduling for Autonomous Electric Aerial Vehicle System","authors":"Jun Chen","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081655","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous electric aerial vehicles (EAVs) are expected to bring fundamental changes to city infrastructures and daily commutes. Currently, the EAVs, including the delivery drones and the electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) air taxi, are all under limited battery endurance and vertiport capacity, which is insufficient for long-range commutes. In this paper, we propose a joint scheduling methodology to handle the optimal routing and charging tasks for the Autonomous Electric Aerial Vehicle System. By considering the unique characteristics of on-demand EAVs, the joint optimization problem can effectively utilize the system's resources. The problem is formulated by integrating charging features into the classic vehicle routing problem with time windows. To make it easy to solve, we further transform the nonlinear problem to a mixed integer linear program. The problem formulation and the operational constraints are both well validated through comprehensive simulations.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115214666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing aircraft mobility in a context of the ATN/IPS network","authors":"Tran Nguyen Alexandre, Pirovano Alain, Larrieu Nicolas","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081667","url":null,"abstract":"For the sake of Air Traffic Management modernization, civil aviation organizations are currently developing IPS for Aeronautical Safety Services in the new ATN/IPS infrastructure. This includes to define new airborne and ground- based communication systems capable of managing both air traffic services (ATS) and aeronautical operational communications (AOC) safety services. One of the main challenges in this new ATN/IPS network is the IPv6 mobility problem. This paper proposes a solution which takes both advantages of ground based Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol and Proxy Mobile IPv6 to manage all the aircraft mobility scenarios. A dedicated OMNeT ++ simulation model is also provided and shows the performances of our solution.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114308429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Learning-Based Guidance Selection Mechanism for a Formally Verified Sense and Avoid Algorithm","authors":"Swee Balachandran, Viren Bajaj, M. A. Feliú, C. Muñoz, M. Consiglio","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081784","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a learning-based strategy for selecting conflict avoidance maneuvers for autonomous unmanned aircraft systems. The selected maneuvers are provided by a formally verified algorithm and they are guaranteed to solve any impending conflict under general assumptions about aircraft dynamics. The decision-making logic that selects the appropriate maneuvers is encoded in a stochastic policy encapsulated as a neural network. The network's parameters are optimized to maximize a reward function. The reward function penalizes loss of separation with other aircraft while rewarding resolutions that result in minimum excursions from the nominal flight plan. This paper provides a description of the technique and presents preliminary simulation results.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116747504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circumventing the Random Access Channel: New Concepts for Accessing a Command & Control Link for Unmanned Aircraft","authors":"D. Mielke","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081684","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned Aircraft (UA) are expected to considerably grow in importance for global aviation during the next years. Although a comparatively high level of autonomy is anticipated for UA, a reliable data link (“Command and Control”, C2-link) will be mandatory for their operation. The C2 link is used to exchange all information between UA and remote pilot, immediately required for operating the UA. This data is called non-payload data; examples are positioning information, telemetry data or flight trajectories, respectively. None of the currently available aeronautical communication standards can fulfill the requirements for such a multi-user, multi-point datalink in terms of reliability, flexibility, data integrity, robustness and latency. The C-Band Digital Aeronautical Communication System (CDACS) is a possible candidate for such a C2 link making use of modern communication techniques like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) and SC-FDMA, [1], [2]. While CDACS development has so far focused on the general requirements and the waveform design, physical layer robustness also known as PHY layer security, e.g. against jamming/spoofing, has not yet been considered yet. One aspect of making CDACS more robust is hardening the login process of a user, in the case of CDACS a UA, into the network against such attacks. This login process is often realized using a Random Access Channel (RACH), that enables users not known to the base station access to the network. In this paper we discuss several concepts that try to avoid the traditional RACH, thus closing one potential vulnerability of the system.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116100892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Machine Learning for Aviation Safety Risk Metric","authors":"Firdu Bati, Lauren Withington","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081657","url":null,"abstract":"A risk metric is one of the key tools to monitor the safety performance of complex systems. This paper explains the methodologies employed to develop a new comprehensive risk metric based on Machine Learning to measure the safety performance of the National Airspace System (NAS) in the airport surface environment. Unlike existing metrics that focus primarily on incidents and close calls, this metric incorporates all relevant surface incidents and accidents and assigns an appropriate severity measure proportional to their consequences and in relation to a potential worst outcome of an accident.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124674811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Distributed Ledger Technology to Mitigate Challenges with Flight Information Exchange","authors":"R. Raju, Rohan Mital, R. Mital","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081743","url":null,"abstract":"Uniquely identifying flights and the exchange of information about flights between aviation systems in a global aviation network poses many complex challenges. This paper explores the possibilities, benefits, and challenges of applying Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to some of the challenges posed by global flight identification and information exchange.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123275400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of an innovative prototype to flow management tasks in an operationnal context","authors":"V. Kapp, F. Lefebvre, Delphine Monnier","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081729","url":null,"abstract":"In a previous paper, some innovative design principles applied to the conception of a sequencing manager working position were presented. The resulting prototype, called IODA (Innovative Operations for Departures and Arrivals), was thus introduced. This prototype was meant to replace elements of the working environment currently supported by different tools and HMIs such as the AMAN tool, the paper strips and the corresponding strip bay. Several design walkthroughs allowed key topics of the prototype to be validated. IODA's representation of the flows in case of complex traffic proved to be relevant in the same way as the direct manipulation enabling intuitive interactions demonstrated to be an efficient means to input data in the system. One feature that was presented in the original paper was the interface dedicated to the configuration of the timelines. As this option showed appeal for synthesizing and displaying a large amount of potentially relevant information, the conclusion was that this way of displaying data prepared the ground for the adaptation of IODA to more strategic tasks such as tasks related to air traffic flow management, i.e. ATFCM. In this optic, a preliminary collaboration was set with some ATCOs from Paris ACC that allowed to make sure that their interest for the interface was confirmed and it also emphasized the relevance of a closer collaboration over a longer period of time. After this phase of work, decision had finally been taken to design and to develop an operational prototype of a version for IODA dedicated to live trials this summer in the Paris environment. Therefore, one prototype will be installed in Paris ACC (for the Flow Manager Position) and one will be installed in Orly (for the Tower Manager position). To achieve this goal, some models associated with the tasks performed by the Tower Manager and the FMP manager were produced. This study provided initial elements to get a better understanding of the tasks that had to be undertaken with IODA and set therefore a starting point for the solution design phase. In terms of organization, the general proposal was to establish a fairly flexible collaboration. In this optic, we proposed an iterative process articulated around cycles made up of three stages: understand the user, design the interface and finally perform the corresponding developments. The activity of air traffic flow management is quite complex and involves a large number of actors. In a first part, the paper presents key elements in reference to this activity notably the main data that are managed and some of the different methods currently used to optimize the flows with regards to the different constraints. In a second step, the paper focuses on the process of design and adaptation of the interface to the characteristics of the new activity considered, notably the transformation of IODA's configuration interface into something more ambitious in the form of a Dashboard. This Dashboard not only provid","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122787318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation Tool to Study High Performance Avionic for Active Debris Removal Missions","authors":"M. Juillard, Muriel Richard-Noca, J. Kneib","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081757","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of a simulation tool that allows to perform trade-offs of avionic architectures for future Active Debris Removal (ADR) space missions. The main challenges of ADR missions lay in their ability to first detect and track a target, then perform proximity operation and capture. All these mission phases imply a variety of sensors which are mainly needed for the Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) of the spacecraft. First, sensors outputs need to be processed to retrieve position and attitude estimation of the target, then results are transmitted to the GNC algorithms for precise navigation. To obtain accurate target information, the algorithms require a high input data rate and multiple sensor sources. At the EPFL Space Center, we have developed a simulation tool to help design the highly demanding avionic of our ADR mission, CleanSpace One (CSO). The simulator supports analyses and “trade-offs” with respect to various hardware configurations. To reproduce realistic scenarios, the simulator has to consider requirements of the different mission phases since they vary in term of data processing, vision algorithm complexity and control loop speed. This newly developed tool has been used to investigate multiple hardware configurations with specific ADR requirements. Results obtained during these simulations offer a first set of consolidated requirements that will help the design of the highly demanding avionic needed for the mission.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125772925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}