Gut and Liver最新文献

{"title":"Coffee and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies.","authors":"Hyun Bin Choi, Hyuk Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young-Seok Kim","doi":"10.5009/gnl250227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the potential causal link between coffee consumption and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk via Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Five eligible MR studies that involved the use of analytical approaches such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods were included. While previous observational studies suggested a protective role of coffee, the MR-based analyses in this study did not demonstrate a statistically significant association across all methods. IVW analysis yielded an odds ratio of 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 1.47), indicating no significant effect. Moderate to substantial heterogeneity was observed, but no publication bias was detected. These findings suggest that the previously reported inverse association may have been overestimated due to methodological limitations in observational research. Our results emphasize the importance of using genetically informed methods to infer causality, and the results indicate that coffee consumption may not causally reduce the risk of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Oral Refeeding in Patients with Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Jung Hyun Jo, Jae Min Lee, Dong Kee Jang, Jung Wan Choe, Sung Yong Han, Young Hoon Choi, Eui Joo Kim, Ha Yan Kim, Min Kyu Jung, Sang Hyub Lee","doi":"10.5009/gnl250110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>To assess the safety and efficacy of early oral refeeding (ERF) versus delayed refeeding (DRF) in patients with mild post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the ERF or DRF group. Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the ERF or DRF group. In the ERF group, feeding began 24 hours after the diagnosis of PEP; in the DRF group, feeding commenced once normal bowel sounds returned and pain had decreased to a visual analog scale score of <2. The diet was advanced from clear fluids to soft foods according to patient tolerance. Refeeding was temporarily halted if the visual analog scale score reached ≥5 points or if intake was refused due to pain. Resumption required normal amylase/lipase levels, pain relief, and bowel movement restoration. Discharge criteria included patient well-being >24 hours post-diet. The primary outcome was PEP hospitalization duration, and secondary outcomes were the incidence of severe acute pancreatitis, readmission rate (<30 days), and PEP-related mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80 patients (40 in each ERF and DRF group) were enrolled across nine referral centers. Baseline characteristics, procedural parameters and initial PEP severity were not significantly different between the two groups. Four ERF and three DRF patients had refeeding interruptions. ERF significantly reduced PEP hospitalization duration compared to DRF (2.93±1.59 days vs 3.78±1.97 days: relative risk, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.97; p=0.026). Rates of severe acute pancreatitis, readmission, and mortality/morbidity related to PEP were similar between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ERF effectively shortens hospitalization in mild PEP patients without increasing safety risks (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04750044).</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Effect of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication on Osteoporosis in Females: A 20-Year Prospective Observational Cohort Study.","authors":"Yeejin Kim, Yonghoon Choi, Nayoung Kim, Eun-Bi Jeon, Sung Hye Kong, Jeong Hwan Lee, Ho-Kyoung Lee, Yu Kyung Jun, Hyuk Yoon, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Dong Ho Lee, Soyeon Ahn","doi":"10.5009/gnl250164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>The relationship between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (HP) eradication and osteoporosis development remains inadequately elucidated. This study aimed to ascertain whether HP eradication therapy confers protective effects against osteoporosis progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects without osteoporosis who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with concurrent HP testing were prospectively recruited between May 2003 and February 2023 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Participants were stratified into two cohorts: those with successful HP eradication and those without. Osteoporosis was diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the risk of osteoporosis was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The successfully eradicated cohort comprised 730 individuals (mean age, 56.4 years; 67.5% female), compared with 116 individuals (mean age, 56.2 years; 74.1% female) in the non-eradicated cohort. Osteoporosis occurred in 179 subjects (24.5%) in the eradicated group and in 40 subjects (34.5%) in the non-eradicated group. Significant risk factors for osteoporosis included female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 3.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.93 to 5.05; p<0.001), advanced age (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.10 per year; p<0.001), and persistent HP infection (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.28; p=0.009). In subgroup analyses according to sex and age, HP eradication demonstrated a significant reduction in osteoporosis risk in females (p=0.005) than in males, especially among females aged ≥50 years (p=0.003). However, this change was not pronounced in males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HP eradication may serve as a preventive intervention against osteoporosis development, particularly among female subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06818591).</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Risk of Rebleeding between Catheter Angiography and Colonoscopy Following a Positive Computed Tomography Angiography Results in Patients with Severe Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding.","authors":"Jihye Park, Seo Yoon Choi, Soo Jung Park, Jae Jun Park, Tae Il Kim, Jae Hee Cheon","doi":"10.5009/gnl250152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Few studies have compared the outcomes of catheter angiography and colonoscopy after positive computed tomography angiography (CTA) results in patients with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding. This study aimed to evaluate differences in clinical outcomes between these approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 254 patients with positive CTA results of the lower gastrointestinal tract at Severance Hospital, South Korea (2014-2024). Clinical outcomes were compared between the catheter angiography group (n=108) and the colonoscopy group (n=146), and the predictive risk factors for rebleeding were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in the confirmation yield (59.3% vs 47.9%), therapeutic yield (64.8% vs 56.2%), and mean hospitalization duration (20.1 days vs 21.3 days) between groups. However, the mean time to procedure (12.3 hours vs 19.2 hours) and rebleeding rate (36.1% vs 48.6%) were lower in the catheter angiography group. Logistic regression revealed that time to procedure predicted higher confirmation and therapeutic yields. Multivariate Cox regression showed that risk factors for rebleeding included receiving >5 units of packed red blood cells (hazard ratio [HR], 1.711; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.025 to 2.857, p=0.040) and undergoing colonoscopy instead of catheter angiography (HR, 1.922; 95% CI, 1.242 to 2.974, p=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Following a positive CTA result, colonoscopy (compared to catheter angiography) and the need for more than 5 units of packed red blood cell transfusion were significant risk factors for rebleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Erosive Esophagitis and Sleep Issues in Working-Aged Koreans.","authors":"Sung Keun Park, Yeongu Chung, Chang-Mo Oh, Hyun Chul Jo, Ju Young Jung","doi":"10.5009/gnl250045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Studies have demonstrated that gastroesophageal reflux disease has an unfavorable effect on sleep. However, it is largely unknown whether erosive esophagitis (EE) is associated with sleep issues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants were 335,883 Korean adults who underwent upper endoscopy and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as part of a health check-up. Study participants were divided into an EE group and a non-EE group. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis was used in calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (adjusted OR [95% CI]) for poor sleep quality, long sleep induction time, interrupted sleep, sleep pill use, and short sleep duration in the two groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted after stratifying the EE group patients on the basis of the extent of EE (Los Angeles classification [LA]-A, LA-B/C/D).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While the prevalence of EE was higher in men (11.1%) than women (1.8%), the mean PSQI score was higher in women (5.3±2.7) than in men (4.9±2.3). In men, EE was associated with poor sleep quality (adjusted OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.08), long sleep induction time (adjusted OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.18), and interrupted sleep (adjusted OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.19). Subgroup analysis showed that LA-A was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (adjusted OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.08), long sleep induction time (adjusted OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.19), and interrupted sleep (adjusted OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.20) in men. In contrast, women failed to show a significant association between EE and sleep issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EE was associated with a modest increase in the likelihood of poor sleep quality, long sleep induction time, and interrupted sleep among men.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary β-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Retinol Intake and Prevalence of Colorectal Adenoma: A Cross-Sectional Study and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Joowon Chung, Jioh Kang, Sang Hoon Kim, Min Kyu Jung, Dong Hyun Kim, Hyun Joo Song, Ki Bae Kim, Seung-Joo Nam, Hoon Jai Chun, Jung Eun Lee, Yun Jeong Lim","doi":"10.5009/gnl250104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Antioxidants may offer protection against colorectal cancer, but their association with colorectal adenomas remains unclear due to variations in study design, population, and dietary factors. We investigated the relationship between dietary intake of β-carotene, vitamin A, and retinol and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma using food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and colonoscopy data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited participants undergoing elective colonoscopy across eight medical institutions. FFQs were administered prior to colonoscopy, and nutrient intakes were categorized into quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusting for potential cofounders. A meta-analysis of 11 observational studies, including our own, was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 720 eligible participants (mean age 52.44±14.30 years; body mass index 23.82±3.46 kg/m²), colorectal adenoma was identified in 266 (36.9%). Higher intake of β-carotene and vitamin A was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of colorectal adenoma (p for trend <0.05). Adjusted ORs for the highest versus lowest quartile were 0.43 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20 to 0.91) for β-carotene and 0.34 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.76) for vitamin A. Conversely, higher retinol intake was linked to increased adenoma prevalence (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.09 to 4.29), particularly among individuals with high-fat diets. Meta-analysis confirmed a protective association for β-carotene (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.78), but not for vitamin A or retinol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated an inverse association between β-carotene and colorectal adenoma prevalence, whereas the effects of vitamin A and retinol appeared to vary depending on dietary context. These findings highlight the complex influence of dietary pattern and nutrient sources on colorectal adenoma risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers and Proton Pump Inhibitors on Esophageal Wall Thickening in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.","authors":"Yugo Suzuki, Kei Kono, Yorinari Ochiai, Junnosuke Hayasaka, Kenichi Ohashi, Shu Hoteya","doi":"10.5009/gnl250201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>The efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) in the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been well established. This study aimed to clarify the impact of PPIs/P-CABs on esophageal wall thickness and clinical symptoms in EoE patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who were consecutively diagnosed with asymptomatic esophageal eosinophilia and EoE and treated with PPIs/P-CABs were assessed in this study. Esophageal wall thickness before and after treatment was evaluated using endoscopic ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen patients were asymptomatic, while 20 presented with gastrointestinal symptoms at baseline. Treatment led to significant decreases in symptom scores, the EoE Endoscopic Reference Scores, and the EoE Histologic System Scores compared with those at baseline. Following treatment, significant reductions were observed in the total esophageal wall thickness (TWT) and thickness from the surface to the muscular layer (TSM) across the upper, middle, and lower esophagus compared with baseline values (median TWT, 2.0 mm vs 1.7 mm, p=0.005; 2.3 mm vs 1.9 mm, p=0.004; 2.9 mm vs 2.3 mm, p<0.001; median TSM, 1.1 mm vs 0.9 mm, p=0.001; 1.3 mm vs 1.1 mm, p<0.001; 1.8 mm vs 1.4 mm, p<0.001, respectively). Similar trends were observed in the lower esophagus of patients with asymptomatic esophageal eosinophilia, with the TWT and TSM values significantly lower after treatment (median TWT, 2.7 mm vs 2.5 mm, p=0.045; median TSM, 1.7 mm vs 1.5 mm, p=0.008, respectively). These findings were consistent in patients treated with either PPIs (p=0.027 and p=0.018, respectively) or P-CABs (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPIs/P-CABs reduce esophageal wall thickening, particularly in the mucosal and submucosal layers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study on the Clinical Effect of Silymarin (Legalon) on Liver Damage and Diseases Using a Domestic Multicenter Common Data Model.","authors":"Byoung Kuk Jang, Seung Kak Shin, Jae Yoon Jeong","doi":"10.5009/gnl240575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl240575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Silymarin has been reported to be hepatoprotective and to improve liver function; however, its clinical effectiveness in specific liver diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Legalon, which contains silymarin as its active ingredient, on changes in liver function test values and to assess its potential use as a practical treatment option for liver diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study used the Common Data Model. Data were collected from adult patients with liver disease who were first prescribed Legalon between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022, across 10 medical institutions in South Korea. Changes in liver function test values at follow-up time points were compared with baseline values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who were prescribed Legalon for at least 6 months showed a statistically significant decrease in liver function test values (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) compared with baseline values. At 3 and 6 months, aspartate aminotransferase decreased by approximately 23.18% and 24.54%, alanine aminotransferase decreased by 20.24% and 25.12%, and alkaline phosphatase decreased by 3.02% and 5.90%, respectively. All three parameters showed a sustained decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that silymarin (Legalon) induces a significant reduction in liver function test values, thus suggesting that this drug exerts medium to long-term hepatoprotective benefits. Moreover, the synergistic effects of silymarin with standard treatments highlight its potential as a complementary therapy for liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disulfiram/Copper Complex Induces Cytotoxicity in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Cells through Nuclear Factor E2-Related Factor-2 Suppression and Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation.","authors":"Eun Kyoung Kim, Cheong Ran Je, Sung Ill Jang, Jung Hyun Jo, See Young Lee, Young Ju Lee, Jae Hee Cho","doi":"10.5009/gnl250028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a challenging cancer to treat and has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. In this study, the anticancer effects of disulfiram combined with copper (DSF/Cu) on PDAC cells, including those resistant to 5-fluorouracil, was assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human pancreatic cancer cells (BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1) and their 5-fluorouracil-resistant (5FUR) counterparts were treated with DSF/Cu to assess cytotoxicity. Expression levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (NRF-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated using H2DCFDA staining and flow cytometry. The effects of DSF/Cu on protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were evaluated by Western blot analysis. <i>In vivo</i> efficacy was investigated using a xenograft mouse model, in which mice were orally administered DSF (75 mg/kg) and Cu (2 mg/kg) twice weekly for 5 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that DSF/Cu effectively induced cytotoxicity in both pancreatic cancer cells and their 5FUR counterparts by modulating ROS levels, NRF-2 levels, and associated survival pathways. DSF/Cu treatment significantly decreased NRF-2 expression and reduced ROS levels, specifically in 5FUR cells. DSF/Cu facilitated NRF-2-independent HO-1 expression and differentially modulated Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells and their 5FUR counterparts. <i>In vivo</i> studies using a xenograft mouse model confirmed the antitumor efficacy of DSF/Cu, as evidenced by reduced tumor volumes and NRF-2 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of DSF/Cu as a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for PDAC, specifically for overcoming resistance to standard therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Treatment of Gastritis: A Narrative Review with a Systematic Literature Search.","authors":"Bokyung Kim, Jung Huh, Sang Gyun Kim, Ji Yong Ahn, Ji Won Kim","doi":"10.5009/gnl250267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl250267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastritis, characterized by gastric mucosal inflammation, is a common gastrointestinal disorder with diverse etiologies, such as <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use, and autoimmune conditions. Pharmacological treatment aims primarily to heal the mucosa and resolve symptoms, and such treatments include mucoprotective agents, histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs). Mucoprotective agents enhance gastric mucosal protection through multiple mechanisms, such as by promoting mucosal regeneration, reducing inflammation, and mitigating oxidative stress. Clinical trials have highlighted the effectiveness of these agents in promoting endoscopic healing and ameliorating symptoms, underscoring the clinical significance of these agents. H2RAs have been extensively used to manage gastritis due to their proven efficacy in reducing gastric acid secretion and promoting mucosal healing. Additionally, PPIs along with newer P-CABs provide robust acid suppression and have shown the ability to rapidly relieve symptoms, thus increasing the number of available treatment options. Since each pharmacological agent offers distinct therapeutic benefits, treatment should be selected based on an individual patient's needs and clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":12885,"journal":{"name":"Gut and Liver","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}