Groundwater最新文献

{"title":"Society News","authors":"Mike Price","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13430","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Effective Fracture Aperture in Glacial Tills by Analysis of Dye Tracer Penetration","authors":"Mariam Ouf,&nbsp;Peter R. Jørgensen,&nbsp;Klaus Mosthaf,&nbsp;Massimo Rolle","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13426","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study advances a methodology to estimate effective apertures of fractures in glacial tills based on dye tracer infiltration tests and numerical simulations. The approach uses the visible penetration depth of the dye tracer along fracture flow paths as primary information to calculate effective fracture apertures. Further data used in the calculation are the dye tracer input concentration and retardation, the duration of the tracer injection, and the hydraulic gradient applied to control the infiltrating water fluxes. The method does not require measurement of hydraulic conductivity for the fractured till and enables direct observation of flow and transport patterns within the fractures (e.g., uniform flow and dye tracer distribution, channeling due to aperture variability, and presence of biogenic macropores in fractures). The approach was successfully verified by using the estimated effective fracture aperture values in Large Undisturbed Columns (LUCs) to consistently simulate both the observed LUC effluent breakthrough of a conservative bromide tracer and the water fluxes with the hydraulic gradient applied in the experiments. Sensitivity analyses revealed that estimation of small effective fracture apertures (&lt;10 μm) required accurate determination of the dye tracer retardation factor. By contrast, in the case of larger effective apertures (&gt;20 μm), the sensitivity of the estimated effective fracture aperture to variations in the porous material and solute transport parameters was low compared to the dominant sensitivity to the water flow through the fractures (cubic relation between flow and aperture). The proposed approach may be extended beyond laboratory applications and assist in characterizing field-scale fracture networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 1","pages":"25-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ghislain de Marsily: An Appreciation","authors":"Craig T. Simmons","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13420","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13420","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Professor Ghislain de Marsily was born on October 18, 1939 in Mas d'Auge, Provence and died in Paris, France on April 21, 2024. de Marsily was an internationally renowned groundwater scholar. His teaching and research were characterized by the application of geology, engineering, mathematics, and curiosity to understanding the movement of groundwater. de Marsily made seminal contributions to the field of stochastic hydrogeology and was famed for his work as a prominent and persuasive advocate for holistic, equitable, and science-driven water management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;de Marsily graduated in 1963 as a civil mining engineer from the Ecole des Mines, Paris. A period with a public works company followed, as did an additional qualification as a geological engineer (1967). He joined academia to pursue what would be a life-long relationship with research. His first internationally significant paper, “An automatic solution for the inverse problem,” was published in &lt;i&gt;Water Resources Research&lt;/i&gt; in 1971 (Emsellem and de Marsily &lt;span&gt;1971&lt;/span&gt;). Professional recognition and leadership roles followed quickly. In 1973, he was appointed to the role of Director of the Centre d'Informatique Géologique at the Ecole des Mines, and during his tenure in this position completed his PhD at the Université de Pierre and Marie Curie (also known as Paris VI) in 1978.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 1985, de Marsily was appointed to the position of Professor of Geology at Paris VI. This heralded a new era of appointments to a variety of governance and management positions that combined his love of research with his skills as a broad thinker and communicator. These appointments included directorship of the Applied Geology Laboratory (1987-2004), foundation director of UMR CNRS SISYPHE (1989-2000) and director of the Geosciences and Natural Resources Doctoral School (2000-2004).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Professor de Marsily's teaching and research spanned hydrogeology, watershed management, sedimentary basin modeling, fractured rock hydrology, transport of heat and contaminants in porous/fractured media, and waste disposal. His works on inverse methods and stochastic hydrogeology were pioneering and have gone on to shape the discipline of environmental modeling well beyond a tool restricted to hydrogeology. His work continues to reverberate today. His 1980 paper with Georges Matheron “Is transport in porous media always diffusive? A counterexample” remains one of the most highly cited papers in hydrogeology (Matheron and de Marsily &lt;span&gt;1980&lt;/span&gt;). The field of geostatistics was greatly enriched by de Marsily's conceptual innovation and mathematical precision.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;de Marsily was a pioneer of the now widely applied pilot point method for computer-assisted calibration of groundwater models. Without attempting to be comprehensive, readers are directed to the landmark papers of Certes and de Marsily (&lt;span&gt;1991&lt;/span&gt;), RamaRao et al. (&lt;span&gt;1995&lt;/span&gt;), and Lavenue and de Marsily (&lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;). Some","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"656-658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sampling in Long-Screened Wells: Issues, Misconceptions, and Solutions","authors":"Frederick D. Day-Lewis,&nbsp;Rob D. Mackley,&nbsp;Rebecka Bence","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13427","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The issues associated with long-screened wells (LSWs) (and open boreholes) at contaminated sites are well documented in the groundwater literature but are still not fully appreciated in practice. As established in seminal and review papers going back over three decades, the interpretation of sampling results from LSWs is challenging in the presence of vertical hydraulic gradients and borehole flow; furthermore, LSWs allow for vertical redistribution of contamination between aquifer layers. Acknowledgment of these issues has led to the development of new technologies and well designs to enable discrete-zone monitoring (DZM), yet LSWs remain common for many reasons, for example, as multipurpose wells, for geophysical logging, and (or) as legacy installations. Despite the literature on LSWs and despite the adoption of DZM at many sites, the use of LSWs persists and the challenges of interpreting sampling results from LSWs remain. In this issue paper, we provide a conceptual overview of the problems posed by LSWs and review existing literature and past work to improve the interpretation of sampling in LSWs. We draw on experience from previous studies at the Hanford Site in eastern WA, USA, and use synthetic examples to illustrate key concepts and challenges for interpretation. A recently published analytical modeling framework is used to develop illustrative synthetic examples and demonstrate a workflow for building scientific intuition to understand issues around interpreting samples from LSWs, which is critical to effective characterization and groundwater remediation at sites with LSWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"669-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of a New Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Kenneth R. Bradbury","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13423","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13423","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In January of this year, I became the 10th Editor-in-Chief of &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; since its inception in 1963. I owe many thanks to my predecessor, Lenny Konikow, for his 4 years of service and contributions to the journal, and for his generous time in training me for this new challenge. I also gratefully acknowledge all the former Editors (William Walton, Jay Lehr, John Bredehoeft, Warren Wood, Mary Anderson, Frank Schwartz, and Henk Haitjema) for building &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; into an internationally recognized journal and for setting and maintaining a high bar for quality content. I am humbled and honored to follow in their footsteps and will aim to maintain the journal's reputation for excellence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have spent most of my career as a practicing hydrogeologist at a state geological survey, with a background in applied research, teaching, and outreach. This work has given me broad exposure to most aspects of groundwater science, but there are few areas in which I can claim real expertise. For that I rely on the recommendations and advice of the dedicated executive editors and associate editors of our Editorial Board, and of course of the hundreds of individuals who support the journal by providing peer reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now that I have been editing &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; for several months I have several observations:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; is a very effective venue for publishing your work. During calendar year 2023 the journal (volume 61) published 100 papers. Papers originated from 39 different countries, and the journal had a 49% acceptance rate for submitted articles. Based on metrics provided by our publisher, Wiley, articles in &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; are highly valued and highly read, with almost 240,000 full-text views during 2023. About 30% of these views were accessed by users in the United States, followed by China, Canada, Australia, Germany, and other countries around the world.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As most readers know, in January of 2024 &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; became a completely digital publication; the publisher is longer printing or mailing hard copies. Instead, all articles are available through the web in the Wiley online library, and &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt;'s Early View feature makes articles available within a few weeks after final acceptance and before being compiled into final issues. An exciting new feature added in 2024 is the ability to include embedded rich media (audio and video files) as part of a paper. However, a downside to digital publication in general has been the rapid growth of new alternative journals outside of the long-established scientific publishers. Expanding the number of journals dilutes the author and reviewer pools and can make it more difficult to obtain peer reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this era when some question the validity of scientific research, independent peer review of submitted manuscripts is more important than ever. Unfortunately, the challenges of obtaining these reviews, as previously addressed by Konikow (&lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/sp","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"498-499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141289048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hydraulic Evolution of Groundwater-Fed Pit Lakes After Mine Closure","authors":"Birte Moser,&nbsp;Peter G. Cook,&nbsp;Anthony D. Miller,&nbsp;Shawan Dogramaci,&nbsp;Ilka Wallis","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13419","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Open pit mining frequently requires regional water tables to be lowered to access ore deposits. When mines close, dewatering ceases allowing the water table to recover. In arid and semi-arid mining regions, the developing pit lakes are predominantly fed by groundwater during this recovery phase and pit lakes develop first into “terminal sinks” for the surrounding groundwater system. With time, the re-establishment of regional hydraulic gradients can cause pit lakes to develop into throughflow systems, in which pit lake water outflows into adjacent aquifers. In this study, we use numerical groundwater modeling to aid process understanding of how regional hydraulic gradients, aquifer properties, net evaporation rates, and pit geometry determine the hydraulic evolution of groundwater-fed pit lakes. We find that before the recovery of the regional water table to its new equilibrium, pit lakes frequently transition to throughflow systems. Throughflow from pit lakes to downstream aquifers can develop within two decades following cessation of dewatering even under low hydraulic gradients (e.g., 5 × 10⁻⁴) or high net evaporation rates (e.g., 2.5 m/year). Pit lakes remain terminal sinks only under suitable combinations of high evaporation rates, low hydraulic gradients, and low hydraulic conductivities. In addition, we develop an approximate analytical solution for a rapid assessment of the hydraulic status of pit lakes under steady-state conditions. Understanding whether pit lakes remain terminal sinks or transition into throughflow systems largely determines the long-term water quality of pit lakes and downstream aquifers. This knowledge is fundamental for mine closure and planning post-mining land use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 6","pages":"889-903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society News","authors":"Mike Price","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13410","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140814274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Karst Hydrogeology, Geomorphology, and Caves","authors":"Sarah M. Arpin","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13409","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Contamination in Arid Coastal Areas: Qatar as a Case Study","authors":"Basem Shomar,&nbsp;Rajendran Sankaran","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13411","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Arab region is located in an arid environment and suffers from water scarcity and poor water quality which are expected to become more severe in coming years due to global warming. In this study, the groundwater quality of 205 wells in Qatar was investigated. The physical parameters of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, inorganic carbon (IC), and organic carbon (OC) were determined. The study characterized the concentrations of major anions of Cl, F, Br, NO₃, PO₄, and SO₄, and major cations of Ca, K, Mg, and Na. Importantly, metals and metalloids including V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, Pb, and U were determined. The results revealed that the groundwater of all wells is not drinkable due to high salinity (average TDS 4598 mg/L and salinity 0.4%, respectively). Additionally, average concentrations of major anions Cl, SO₄, and F were 1472, 1064, and 1.9 mg/L, respectively, and all exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water. However, NO₃ concentration in 11 out of 205 wells was above the WHO guidelines of 50 mg/L due to intensive agriculture and fertilizer applications. Major cations of Ca, K, Mg, and Na were higher than WHO guidelines with average concentrations of 345, 63, 127, and 923 mg/L, respectively. All trace metals were much lower than the WHO guidelines for drinking water; however, the vanadium (V) average concentration in groundwater of all wells was 31 μg/L, which is five times higher than the Dutch guidelines (whereas the WHO has no guidelines for V). The groundwater of Qatar is dominated by Ca and Mg sulfates in Sabkha environments and dominated by NaCl in the coastal zones from evaporate environments consisting of coastal salt flats, salt pans, estuaries, and lagoons supersaturated by salts and the influence of sea water intrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 6","pages":"847-859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Series Analysis of Nonlinear Head Dynamics Using Synthetic Data Generated with a Variably Saturated Model","authors":"Martin A. Vonk,&nbsp;Raoul A. Collenteur,&nbsp;Sorab Panday,&nbsp;Frans Schaars,&nbsp;Mark Bakker","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13403","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13403","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The performance of time series models is assessed using synthetic head series simulated with a numerical model that solves Richards' equation for variably saturated flow. Heads were simulated in a homogeneous unconfined aquifer between two parallel canals; measured daily precipitation and potential evaporation are specified at the land surface and root water uptake is simulated. The head response to a precipitation event is nonlinear and depends on the saturation degree and rainfall before and after the precipitation event while evaporation reduction occurs during summers. Synthetic series were generated for 27 years and three different soil types; the unsaturated zone thickness varies between 0 and &gt;5 m. The synthetic head series were simulated with a linear and nonlinear time series model. Performance of a linear time series model with four parameters, using a scaled Gamma response, gave <i>R</i>² values ranging from 0.67 to 0.96. The nonlinear time series model with five parameters simulates recharge using a root zone reservoir after which the head response to recharge is simulated with a scaled Gamma response function. The nonlinear time series model was able to simulate all synthetic head series very well with <i>R</i>² values above 0.9 for almost all models. The head response of the nonlinear model to a single precipitation event compares well to the response of the variably saturated groundwater model. The provided scripts may be used to simulate synthetic head series for other climates or for systems with additional complexity to assess the performance of other data-driven models.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"748-760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}