Groundwater最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of an Impulse-Response Emulator for Groundwater Contaminant Transport Modeling","authors":"Brent P. Heerspink,&nbsp;Michael N. Fienen,&nbsp;Howard W. Reeves","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13405","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13405","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a significant need to develop decision support tools capable of delivering accurate representations of environmental conditions, such as ground and surface water solute concentrations, in a timely and computationally efficient manner. Such tools can be leveraged to assess a large number of potential management strategies for mitigating non-point source pollutants. Here, we assess the effectiveness of the impulse-response emulation approach to approximate process-based groundwater model estimates of solute transport from MODFLOW and MT3D over a wide range of model inputs and parameters, with the goal of assessing where in parameter space the assumptions underlying this emulation approach are valid. The impulse-response emulator was developed using the sensitivity analysis utilities in the PEST++ software suite and is capable of approximating MODFLOW/MT3D estimates of solute transport over a large portion of the parameter space tested, except in cases where the Courant number is above 0.5. Across all runs tested, the highest percent errors were at the plume fronts. These results suggest that the impulse-response approach may be suitable for emulation of solute transport models for a wide range of cases, except when high-resolution outputs are needed, or when very low concentrations at plume edges are of particular interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 6","pages":"945-956"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140308361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Tectonic Lineaments and Springs North of Avanos (Central Anatolia, Turkey)","authors":"Ramazan Demircioğlu","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13400","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13400","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study area covers Avanos-Ozkonak and its surroundings north of Nevsehir province. An attempt was made to determine the relationship between tectonic lineaments and springs in the area. It was found that there is a close relationship between the location of springs and tectonic lineaments. In recent years, lineaments have been used in mineral exploration studies and geothermal areas. Remote sensing methods have also been used in this study. The relationship between tectonic lineaments (faults and fractures) and spring formations obtained from field studies and satellite-based studies was evaluated. Metamorphic rocks belonging to the Kirsehir massif and Paleocene–Middle Eocene aged units were subjected to polyphase deformation. As a result of these deformations, faults and cracks were formed. This situation has given aquifer properties to the rocks. At the same time, many springs were formed by faults and cracks. This study determined the relationship between 342 springs identified during field works and tectonic lineaments. Approximately 89% of the springs identified in the field were found to be located on the tectonic lineaments obtained from the satellite imagery. Some springs discharged from discontinuities on the formation boundaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"735-747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140290045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Subsidence Reoccurrence in Tianjin: New Preconsolidation Head and Safe Pumping Buffer","authors":"Kuan Wang,&nbsp;Guoquan Wang,&nbsp;Yan Bao,&nbsp;Guangli Su,&nbsp;Yong Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Shen,&nbsp;Yongwei Zhang,&nbsp;Haigang Wang","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13406","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13406","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tianjin, a coastal metropolis in north China, has grappled with land subsidence for nearly a century. Yet, emerging evidence suggests a notable decrease in subsidence rates across Tianjin since 2019. This trend is primarily attributed to the importation of surface water from the Yangtze River system via the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, initiated in December 2014. Utilizing Sentinel-1A Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data (2014–2023), this study reveals that one-third of the Tianjin plain has either halted subsidence or experienced land rebound. As a result, the deep aquifer system (~−200 to −450 m) beneath one third of the Tianjin plain has completed a consolidation cycle, leading to the establishment of new, locally specific preconsolidation heads. The identification of the newly established preconsolidation head seeks to answer a crucial question: How can we prevent the reoccurrence of subsidence in areas where it has already ceased? In essence, subsidence will stop when the local hydraulic head elevates to the new preconsolidation head (NPCH), and permanent subsidence will not be reinitiated as long as hydraulic head remains above the NPCH. The difference of the depth between current hydraulic head and the NPCH defines the safe pumping buffer (SPB). This study outlines detailed methods for identifying the NPCHs in the deep aquifer system from long-term InSAR and groundwater-level datasets. Determining NPCHs and ascertaining SPBs are crucial for estimating how much groundwater can be safely extracted without inducing permanent subsidence, and for developing sustainable strategies for long-term groundwater management and conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"778-794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catchment-Wide Groundwater Budget for the Inkomati-Usuthu Water Management Area in South Africa","authors":"Teboho Shakhane,&nbsp;Moses Mojabake","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13402","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13402","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In South Africa, approximately 98% of the predicted total surface water resources are already being used up. Consequently, the National Water Resource Strategy considers groundwater to be important for the future planning and management of water resources. In this case, quantifying groundwater budgets is a prerequisite because they provide a means for evaluating the availability and sustainability of a water supply. This study estimated the regional groundwater budgets for the Inkomati-Usuthu Water Management Area (Usuthu, Komati, Sabie-Sand, and Crocodile) using the classical hydrological continuity equation. The equation was used to describe prevailing feedback loops between groundwater draft, recharge, baseflow, and storage change. The results were coarser scale estimates which, beforehand, were derived from the 2006 study. In the years to follow, groundwater reliance intensified and there was also the historic 2015/2016 drought. This inevitably led to an increased draft while the rest of the components of the groundwater budgets experienced decreases. Both Crocodile and Sabie-Sand experienced groundwater storage depletion which led to reduced baseflow and groundwater availability, while groundwater recharge contrarily increased due to capture. Conversely, the other two catchments experienced relatively lower drafts with correspondingly higher groundwater availability and recharge while storage change was positive. The results highlighted the need for adaptive water management whose effectiveness relies on predictive studies. Consequently, future models should be developed to capture the spatial and temporal dynamism of the natural groundwater budget due to climate change, water demands, and population growth predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 3","pages":"480-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study of Non-Darcian Flow Characteristics in Low-Permeability Coal Pillar Dams","authors":"Xu Li,&nbsp;Peng Zhu,&nbsp;Konghui Zuo,&nbsp;Zhang Wen,&nbsp;Qi Zhu,&nbsp;Qiang Guo,&nbsp;Hamza Jakada","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13401","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13401","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The safe operation of underground reservoirs and environmental protection heavily rely on the water flow through coal pillar dams in coal mines. Meanwhile, research on the flow characteristics in coal pillar dams has been limited due to their low hydraulic conductivity. To address this gap, this study assembled a novel seepage experimental device and conducted a series of carefully designed seepage experiments to examine the characteristics of low-permeability in coal pillar dams. The experiments aim to explore the relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient, considering varying core lengths and immersion times. Flow parameters were determined by fitting observed flux-gradient curves with predictions from both Darcy and non-Darcian laws. Several significant results were obtained. First, a noticeable non-linear relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient was observed, particularly evident at low flow velocities. Second, the non-Darcy laws effectively interpreted the experimental data, with threshold pressure gradients ranging 13.60 to 58.64 for different core lengths. Third, the study established that water immersion significantly affects the flow characteristics of coal pillar dams, resulting in an increased hydraulic conductivity and flow velocity. These findings carry significant implications for the design of coal pillar dams within underground coal mine reservoirs, providing insights for constructing more stable structures and ensuring environmental protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 6","pages":"934-944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of the Mississippi v. Tennessee Supreme Court Decision for Interstate Groundwater Management","authors":"Nimisha Wasankar,&nbsp;T. Prabhakar Clement","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13399","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13399","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Groundwater allocation is rapidly becoming a contentious water resource management problem around the world. It is anticipated that the effects of climate change would further aggravate this problem. Conflicts over the distribution of freshwater are expected to increase as stakeholders want to access more groundwater to meet their growing demands. In the United States, water conflicts are settled through a litigation process. Water litigations can be expensive, protracted, and fraught with complex legal and technical difficulties. A landmark groundwater case involving Tennessee (TN) and Mississippi (MS) was recently litigated in the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS). In this case, MS sued TN for stealing their groundwater and SCOTUS unanimously ruled that the water contained in the aquifer that naturally crosses the border between TN and MS is subject to equitable apportionment. This decision has significant ramifications for groundwater management as it established a precedent for resolving future interstate groundwater litigations. Although the Court has previously applied the legal doctrine of equitable apportionment to settle disputes involving surface water use, this is the first instance in which the doctrine has been applied to resolve an interstate groundwater dispute. Therefore, currently, there are little or no guidelines available for equitably distributing groundwater resources between two states. The objective of this article is to examine this historic legal dispute to fully understand the scientific justification for the judicial stances taken by the plaintiff and defendants, and the legal reasoning for the final verdict. We also discuss the challenges this ruling presents for managing interstate groundwater resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"502-512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passing the Baton","authors":"Christopher J. Neville","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13397","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13397","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 2","pages":"324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139941397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional vs. Local Isotopic Gradient: Insights and Modeling from Mid-Mountain Areas in Central Italy","authors":"Alberto Tazioli,&nbsp;Davide Fronzi,&nbsp;Stefano Palpacelli","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13395","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mountainous zones are often characterized by complex orography and contacts between different aquifers that usually complicate the use of isotope hydrology techniques. The Apennine chain (Italy) and 10 mountain and mid-mountain areas belonging to it are the objective of this study. An original isotopic data treatment, able to identify the most probable recharge area for several springs/springs' groups/wells, has been developed. The method consists of a two-step approach: (1) the determination of the spring/wells computed isotope recharge elevation; (2) an advanced δ¹⁸O precipitation distribution model over the study area supported by statistical and GIS-based procedures implemented by two processes: first, the clipping of precipitation δ¹⁸O values (depicted from the δ¹⁸O–elevation relationships obtained for each study area) over a most probable recharge area for each analyzed spring or well and, second, the calculation of the overlapping distribution between the spring/well mean δ¹⁸O values ± σ and the precipitation δ¹⁸O content for each outcropping aquifer. A new regional δ¹⁸O gradient covering 150 km latitudinal length of central Italy has been defined. Seven LMWL and δ¹⁸O–elevation relationships able to represent the local precipitation isotopic composition have been obtained. The mean elevation of the springs and wells recharge areas have been assessed by a comparison between the obtained gradient with nine δ¹⁸O gradients available in the literature and those obtained at a local scale. The new isotopic modeling approach can stress whether the mere isotope modeling based on the stable isotope of oxygen agrees with the hydrogeological setting of the study areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"714-734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society News","authors":"Mike Price","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13396","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 2","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139747909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Science Could Use a New Term: Transportivity","authors":"Ward Sanford","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13385","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13385","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The travel time for a parcel of groundwater from the water table to a well or stream is an important quantity for groundwater characterization. This is especially true if we want to understand and predict the movement of contaminants from sources at the land surface (e.g., fertilizer or road salt) through shallow aquifers. The migration and travel time of contaminant solutes depend on both the hydraulic and transport properties of the subsurface. Aquifer hydraulic conductivity, thickness, recharge rate, and porosity all influence the seepage velocities through the shallow subsurface, and thus the travel rates and times. In aquifer hydraulics, the transmissivity (hydraulic conductivity times saturated thickness) has long been recognized as an important parameter of the flow system. However, two similar parameters, porosity and saturated thickness, although important for travel time calculations, have always been considered separately—never together as a single term. This editorial suggests that because the two frequently need to be considered together, a new term would be useful for this product. The term “transportivity” is suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In reservoir theory, the age, or mean residence time, of discharging water at steady state is equal to the reservoir's volume divided by its volumetric discharge (or inflow) rate. This can be best envisioned in groundwater by imagining a closed-basin watershed with steady state recharge across the basin and base-flow discharge at its outlet. The volume of water in this case is computed by multiplying the saturated thickness by the porosity and the area of the watershed. Given that this system often has a well-defined area, it is often useful to divide the volume by the area and consider the mean residence time, or age, as the porosity times thickness divided by recharge. This is the most fundamental appearance of the combination of thickness times porosity—in the mean age of base flow discharge. This relation is often inverted to estimate recharge when age tracers are measured in shallow wells. In this case, the thickness is the depth to the well screen, or the distance between the water table and the well screen, depending upon the tracer. The product of saturated thickness and porosity has the units of length, representing an apparent depth of water through which the solute passed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although we need not have a term for every combination of parameters, it is useful to do so when (1) we need a shorthand for frequent reference when that combination is an important control, and (2) the two conceptually distinct parameters are often difficult or impossible to measure separately in the field. It is for these reasons we have the term transmissivity in hydrogeology. Regarding reason (2), at many locations there is substantial vertical variation in the hydraulic conductivity and the thickness of the flow system is not well defined. Pump tests therefore measure the composite response (the effective transmissiv","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 2","pages":"170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139704272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}