Groundwater最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Urban Groundwater","authors":"John M. Sharp Jr.","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 3","pages":"331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140814143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Modeling in a Changing World: MODFLOW-and-More 2022 Special Issue","authors":"Mary C. Hill, Reed M. Maxwell, Matthew Tonkin","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13378","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The “MODFLOW-and-More” (MF&M) conference series arose from the vision of Chunmiao Zheng, Eileen Poeter, and Mary C. Hill. MF&M convened at the Colorado School of Mines on nine occasions commencing in 1998. Past attendees recall friendly (sometimes heated!) debates, lunch with luminaries—like Gregory J. Hobbs, Colorado State Supreme Court Justice, and James Eklund, lead negotiator of the Colorado River Drought Contingency Plan—dinners at Table Mountain Inn, and late-night pool at the Ace.</p><p>Following the challenges posed by COVID, the 10th rendition of MF&M convened in 2022 at Princeton University. The conference was a great success, sustaining the vibrance of nearly three decades by bringing private, public, and academic sector scientists together to share applications and bleeding-edge research and development of (mostly free and open-source) simulation codes and support software. While COVID challenges and the change in venue might have been anticipated to affect attendance, the 2022 crowd was right in line with previous meetings and attendees expressed genuine joy at rubbing shoulders again.</p><p>The “Changing World” theme of the 2022 conference could not have been more topical. Groundwater is now the subject of a series of articles in the New York Times. Such press coverage of groundwater has historically been occasional at best. What might our planet and its 8 billion population as of November 2022 be like without convenient access to local clean groundwater? We might discover the answer to this sooner and in more places in the world than we ever imagined.</p><p>This Special Issue emphasizes advances in computational methods and codes for evaluating groundwater data, availability, quality, at a range of scales; plus novel methods for communicating to decision makers and the broader community. To begin, Engdahl describes groundwater modeling using the innate capabilities of quantum computing. He notes that “…very little about how a QCP [quantum computing platform] … is the same as how our current BDCs [binary digital computers] work … Next generation GW models should not just mimic our current models but should instead address frustrations or deficiencies while building new capabilities, like better UQ for predictions.”</p><p>Next up, two groups of authors address certain challenges of model inputs. Brookfield et al. test four approaches to determining “Irrigation pumping – how much?”, while Ma et al. use artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods to explore “Water levels – how deep?” at the CONUS scale using Random Forest techniques. Two challenges posed by groundwater quality concerns are then presented. Ozbek et al. evaluate data gaps in the delineation of a PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic acid) plume using PlumeTrackerTM; while Khambhammettu et al. present geologic facies modeling of properties important to contaminant temporal persistence using Traveling Pilot Points (TRIPS) and an iterative ensemble smoot","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Lapse Geophysical Measurements for Monitoring Coastal Groundwater Dynamics in an Unconfined Aquifer","authors":"Jeeban Panthi,&nbsp;Thomas Boving,&nbsp;Soni M. Pradhanang,&nbsp;Mamoon Ismail","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coastal zone, which is the interface between land and sea, is hydrodynamically very active due to the complex interactions of various hydrological controls and variable-density fluids. These forces vary over time, resulting in a state of dynamic equilibrium in the system. The major hydrological processes in coastal aquifer systems are salt water intrusion and submarine groundwater discharge, which are interdependent. Monitoring these complex processes is crucial for sustainable coastal zone management but poses a significant research challenge. In this study, we demonstrate the effectiveness of non-invasive geophysical techniques, specifically the time-lapse electrical resistivity imaging method, in conjunction with groundwater monitoring, for monitoring coastal groundwater dynamics in an unconfined aquifer at varying time scales and hydrogeological settings present at formerly glaciated sites worldwide. We generated two-dimensional baseline salt water intrusion maps for the test site, located on the coast of Rhode Island, USA. The time-lapse electrical resistivity survey method enables the rapid estimation of fresh groundwater discharge. Our approach offers insight into the mechanisms and seasonably variable salt water–freshwater interactions in unconfined heterogeneous aquifers. Although the results are site-specific, their implications are broad and may stimulate other studies related to sea to land pollution (sea water intrusion) and land to sea pollution (groundwater discharge) in heterogeneous coastal aquifer settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"513-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Non-Fresh Groundwater Presence at Water Tables in Highly Permeable Coastal Aquifers","authors":"Satoshi Tajima,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu,&nbsp;Tomochika Tokunaga","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13383","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coastal aquifers with high hydraulic conductivities on the order of 10⁻² m s⁻¹ have unconventional salinity distributions with the presence of non-fresh groundwater at the water table over a wide swath near the coast. This study aims to unravel the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon via numerical simulations for variably saturated, density-driven flow and solute transport in porous media. The simulation results indicate that the existence of non-fresh groundwater at the water table is attributed to the upward mass flux in the saturated zone near the coast, which transports solute from deeper groundwater toward the water table. With high hydraulic conductivity, the upward mass flux becomes prominent at shallower elevations because of the high Darcy flux and the shallow saline groundwater. The upward mass flux has two main drivers, upward advection by the upward flow component and transverse dispersion by the seaward flow component. The advective mass flux dominates over the transverse dispersion in the deep part of the saturated zone where only groundwater with sea water salinity exists. In contrast, the transverse dispersion becomes more pronounced than the upward advection in the shallow saturated zone just beneath the water table and in the unsaturated zone immediately above the water table. Our findings help interpret the unconventional salinity distributions observed and elucidate the unique dynamics of groundwater flow and solute transport in highly permeable coastal aquifers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"527-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138886819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Groundwater Concept Inventory to Measure Groundwater Knowledge in a General Audience","authors":"Ann Ojeda,&nbsp;Stephanie R. Rogers,&nbsp;Charlotte Jannach,&nbsp;Karen S. McNeal","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13380","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Groundwater is a critical resource globally, and understanding groundwater processes is vital to ensure sustainable management practices. However, there are many widely held misconceptions and inaccuracies about groundwater, and we currently lack tools to measure groundwater knowledge across large populations and measure how groundwater knowledge relates to management decisions or behaviors. Here, we present a survey instrument, the Groundwater Concept Inventory (GWCI), that has been designed for general audiences to measure groundwater knowledge comparable to that in an introductory geoscience curriculum. The GWCI was developed using ∼1200 responses using an online platform, Amazon Mechanical Turks, to represent a general population. Responses were evaluated using the Rasch model that configures a relationship between person-ability and item-difficulty. We found that the study population displayed similar misconceptions about groundwater compared with previous literature, and that age and education were not strong predictors of GWCI scores. The GWCI can be used by researchers to understand links between knowledge and behavior, and also by other stakeholders to quantify misconceptions about groundwater and target resources for a more informed public.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"591-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138814054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Flow Distribution in a Multiaquifer Recharge Well Using an In Situ Flowmeter","authors":"Meredith B. Martinez,&nbsp;Mark A. Widdowson","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantifying the flow rate distribution in a multiple-screen recharge well is relevant to understanding groundwater flow and solute transport behavior in managed aquifer recharge (MAR) operations. In this study, an impeller flowmeter was deployed to measure flow rate distribution in a multiple-screen MAR well under both recharge and pumping conditions screened in the multiple-strata of the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system. Preferential flow distribution in the well was observed through the uppermost screens during recharge while flow distribution was more evenly distributed along all screens under pumping conditions. Analysis of flow along individual screens also indicates preferential flow to the upper part of the screen during both recharge and pumping. Comparison of flowmeter results under both recharge and pumping conditions to previous site-specific measurements suggests that the distribution of flow may vary with time, depending on well screen condition and well rehabilitation efforts, and should be monitored over the duration of an MAR project. These results have implications for groundwater quality given that flow distribution in a multiscreen recharge well has profound impact on travel time and on transport modeling if flow is assumed to be steady and consistent under a range of operational conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"605-616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138814006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Iterative Method of Modeling Pump-Treat-Inject System with “Partial Treatment”","authors":"Jim Zhang,&nbsp;Yiding Zhang,&nbsp;Franklin W. Schwartz,&nbsp;Massoud Karimi","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13377","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pump-and-treat technologies are widely used in groundwater remediation and site cleanup. Such technologies involve pumping contaminated groundwater to the surface for treatment. Following treatment, the water is often reinjected back into the aquifer (referred to as pump-treat-inject or PTI) for potential reuse. The treatment system is often designed to remove dissolved-phase contaminants in groundwater such that water meets applicable cleanup standards (herein referred to as “full treatment”). However, in some cases, the treatment system may not effectively reduce the dissolved-phase concentrations (herein referred to as “partial treatment”) for some of the contaminants present in groundwater. Modeling PTI under partial treatment conditions is challenging because contaminant concentrations in injected water depend on the pumped water concentrations and the system treatment efficiency. Essentially, the injected water concentration (a transport model input) is unknown prior to transport simulation. This study presents a novel iterative approach to modeling PTI under partial treatment scenarios, where the injected water concentration is linked to the modeled pumped water concentration. The method was developed for a complicated three-dimensional (3D) flow and transport modeling study conducted for a confidential remediation site where PTI with partial treatment was applied. However, due to the complexity of the 3D model and the confidential information of the site, a simple two-dimensional (2D) numerical model is presented to demonstrate the iterative method. The 2D model test runs and the 3D model application in a remediation site showed that the iterative simulation results quickly converged to a viable final solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 5","pages":"795-803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138554822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights into the Formation and Properties of Wellbore Skin: Why We Have to Rethink the Concept","authors":"Georg J. Houben,&nbsp;Axel Lamparter,&nbsp;Kristian Ufer,&nbsp;Christin Damian,&nbsp;Daniel Boz","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13370","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The deposition of fine-grained material of low permeability on the borehole wall during drilling (wellbore skin) is a common problem affecting the operation and efficiency of water wells. Here, we present new data and novel insights from four excavated dewatering wells from a lignite surface mine. All wells have the same age, are of similar construction, and were sampled at two different depths each. The thickness of the skin layer increases with depth. Its composition and permeability is strongly influenced by the surrounding aquifer material. Nonuniform sediments of low permeability result in less permeable wellbore skin deposits. The presence of discontinuities in the skin layer may be a determining feature for the resulting flow to wells, especially with skin layers of low permeability. The presence of naturally occurring swelling clay (smectite) provides the skin layer with a significant self-sealing capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"548-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater for People and the Environment: A Globally Threatened Resource","authors":"Hugo A. Loaiciga,&nbsp;Ryan Doh","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13376","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The intensity of global groundwater use rose from 124 m³ per capita in 1950 to 152 m³ in 2021, for a 22.6% rise in the annual per capita use. This rise in global per capita water use reflects rising consumption patterns. The global use of groundwater, which provides between 21% and 30% of the total freshwater annual consumption, will continue to expand due to the sustained population growth projected through most of the 21st century and the important role that groundwater plays in the water-food-energy nexus. The rise in groundwater use, on the other hand, has inflicted adverse impacts in many aquifers, such as land subsidence, sea water intrusion, stream depletion, and deterioration of groundwater-dependent ecosystems, groundwater-quality degradation, and aridification. This paper projects global groundwater use between 2025 and 2050. The projected global annual groundwater withdrawal in 2050 is 1535 km³ (1 km³ = 10⁹ m³ = 810,713 acre-feet). The projected global groundwater depletion, that is, the excess of withdrawal over recharge, in 2050 equals 887 km³, which is about 61% larger than in 2021. This projection signals probable exacerbation of adverse groundwater-withdrawal impacts, which are worsened by climatic trends and the environmental requirement of groundwater flow unless concerted national and international efforts achieve groundwater sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 3","pages":"332-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Type and Shape of Microplastics on the Transport in Column Experiments","authors":"Cheyanne A. Schenkel,&nbsp;Megan R.M. Brown,&nbsp;Melissa E. Lenczewski","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13375","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13375","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pervasive nature of plastic and the longevity of plastics leaves a legacy of microplastics (MPs) that contaminate our environment, including drinking water sources. Although MPs have been documented in every environmental setting, a paucity of research has focused on the transport and fate of MPs in groundwater. Previous field and laboratory studies have shown that MPs can migrate through aquifer material and are influenced by environmental factors. This study used controlled column experiments to investigate the influence of polymer type (polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester) and particle shape (fragment, fiber, and sphere) on MP retardation and retention. The results showed that all individual MP types investigated were retarded compared to the NaCl tracer, with a retardation factor ranging from 1.53 to 1.75. While hypothesized that presence of multiple types and shapes could change mobility, the results indicate that this hypothesis is not correct for the conditions tested. This study provides new insights into MP transport in groundwater systems based on the characteristics of MP particles. In addition, this study demonstrates the need for further research on types of MPs and under more conditions, especially in the presence of a mixture of types and shapes of MPs to gauge what is occurring in natural systems where many MPs are present together.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"62 4","pages":"537-547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}