Gynecological Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"European society of gynecology (ESG) position paper on the proposed terminology change from PCOS to PMOS.","authors":"Camil Castelo-Branco, Svetlana Vujovic, Alessandro D Genazzani, Mark Brincat, Blazej Meczekalski, Petra Stute, Andrea R Genazzani, Geraldine Brichant, Raoul Orvieto, Ineta Vasaraudze, Tevfik Yoldemir, Angelos Daniilidis","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2695512","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2695512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder whose terminology inadequately reflects its systemic nature. The proposed renaming to polyendocrine metabolic ovary syndrome (PMOS) aims to better represent its pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present the European Society of Gynaecology (ESG) position regarding the proposed terminology change and its implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Expert consensus and narrative synthesis of current scientific evidence and international recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ESG supports a structured, patient-centered transition strategy. Recommendations include prioritizing patient communication, implementing a gradual transition with prolonged dual terminology use, and integrating the new terminology systematically into scientific and educational frameworks. The importance of interdisciplinary clarity and the central role of gynecological endocrinology are emphasized.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A phased and clearly communicated transition will enhance conceptual accuracy while preserving patient understanding, continuity of care, and clinical coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2695512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory serum metabolomics study for screening and staging of breast cancer.","authors":"Ying Zou, Dili Song, Yongguang Cai, Kun Liang, Jiujiu Fu, Haibo Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2637977","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2637977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates serum metabolic profiles in breast cancer to identify diagnostic biomarkers and stage-specific metabolites, offering insights for clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS)-based metabolomics analyzed serum from healthy controls, patients with benign breast lesions, and malignant breast cancer cohorts. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modeling differentiated metabolic signatures between groups, while Spearman's correlation assessed metabolite-stage relationships. Diagnostic performance was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amino acid metabolism alterations, particularly in alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, characterized breast cancer. Malignant cases showed elevated glutamic acid and lactic acid but reduced fructose compared to benign lesions, achieving significant diagnostic discrimination (AUC = 0.9757 for glutamic acid, AUC = 0.9583 for lactic acid, AUC = 1.000 for fructose). Glutamic acid demonstrated progressive elevation across health-to-disease continuum (healthy-benign-early-stage-advanced), strongly correlating with the malignancy stage (<i>ρ</i> = 0.934, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and effectively distinguishing early/late-stage cancers (AUC = 0.9500).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum metabolomics identified glutamic acid as a dynamic biomarker for breast cancer detection and staging, warranting further mechanistic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2637977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol flexibility in PCOS: a combination of controlled ovarian stimulation and endometrial preparation strategies shows no impact on live birth outcomes after frozen embryo transfer-a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Dongdong Chen, Ming-Hui Chen, Zeng-Yan Wang, Lu Luo, Yanwen Xu, Dan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2650027","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2650027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This retrospective study compares pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients across different controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols-specifically GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist cycles-combined with various frozen embryo transfer(FET) preparation methods, such as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and ovulatory cycles. Despite the known variations in COS and FET protocols, the optimal combination for improving pregnancy outcomes in this population remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the first FET cycles of 2510 patients with PCOS at our center between January 2017 and September 2024. Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared using the Kruskal‒Wallis test, the chi-square (χ²) statistic, the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After IPTW adjustment, no significant differences were observed in live birth rates or other key reproductive outcomes among the four protocol combinations (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). Exploratory analyses revealed nonsignificant trends, suggesting two patterns: 1) GnRH agonist (vs. antagonist) COS protocols were associated with lower point estimates for the risks of preterm PROM and HDP; 2) ovulation (vs. HRT) cycles for FET preparation were similarly associated with lower point estimates for these risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For PCOS patients, live birth success is equivalent regardless of COS/FET protocol combination, supporting flexible treatment personalization. Clinical decision-making involves a critical trade-off: GnRH agonist protocols and ovulation FET cycles may be associated with a trend toward lower obstetric morbidity, potentially linked to the promotion of a more physiological ovulatory milieu. This balance between immediate iatrogenic risk and long-term pregnancy health warrants further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2650027"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibin B as a biomarker for ovarian reserve and ovarian response: systematic reviews and meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy.","authors":"Danlin Wang, Li Wang, Yan Fang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2732860","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2732860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the diagnostic accuracy of inhibin B in evaluating ovarian reserve and ovarian response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library up to July 2, 2025, for diagnostic test accuracy studies comparing inhibin B with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). The review followed the PRISMA-DTA and MOOSE guidelines. The risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and diagnostic score were estimated using bivariate random-effects models. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves, a Fagan nomogram (pre-test probability = 0.5), and Deeks' funnel plot were used to evaluate performance and publication bias. Subgroup analyses compared inhibin B's accuracy between ovarian reserve and response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies (12 datasets; 2878 women) were included, all at low risk of bias. For ovarian reserve, inhibin B showed sensitivity of 0.69, specificity of 0.88, DOR of 16.52, and an SROC AUC of 0.89; for ovarian response: sensitivity of 0.60, specificity of 0.79, DOR of 5.80, and AUC of 0.77. No significant publication bias was detected (<i>P</i> = 0.78 for ovarian reserve; <i>P</i> = 0.21 for ovarian response). The sensitivity was significantly higher for ovarian reserve than for the response (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inhibin B has moderate diagnostic accuracy for the ovarian reserve and lower accuracy for the ovarian response. It may be considered a complementary biomarker, but AMH remains superior.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2732860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Assessment of thyroid functions and thyroid volume in normal pregnant Egyptian females.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2742014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2742014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2742014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction: The effect of adding L-Carnitin to the GnRH-antagonist protocol on assisted reproductive technology outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2747532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2747532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2747532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil/albumin ratio positively associates with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus: moderation by body mass index.","authors":"Yuan-Fen Chen, Ling-Hua Wang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2607806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2607806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the associations of the neutrophil/albumin ratio (NAR) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 782 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between NAR and T2DM, adjusting for various confounding factors across different models. Interaction analyses examined the modifying effects of socio-demographic characteristics on the relationship between NAR and T2DM. Mediation analyses were utilized to investigate whether key laboratory indicators and insulin resistance indices mediated the association between NAR and T2DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher NAR levels were positively associated with T2DM risk. (OR[95%CI]:1.649[1.181,2.309], <i>p</i> = 0.003). Mediation analyses revealed that the effect of NAR on T2DM was entirely mediated through the regulation of red cell distribution width (RDW Coefficient[95%CI]: 0.009[0.001,0.024], <i>p</i> = 0.020) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C Coefficient[95%CI]: 0.038[0.017,0.067], <i>p</i> < 0.001). Besides, significant interactions and differences were observed in the relationship between NAR and T2DM risk based on body mass index (BMI) (NAR*BMI: interaction coefficient: -0.651, interaction <i>p</i> = 0.027). In individuals with 25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m², NAR increased the risk of T2DM by regulating the insulin resistance index (HOMA-R) (<i>β</i>[95%CI]: 2.220[0.653,3.787], <i>p</i> = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that among women with GDM history, NAR may influence the risk of T2DM through the modulation of RDW and HDL-C. Furthermore, NAR and BMI had a significant interaction affecting T2DM risk, particularly prominent in women with 25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m². Within this subgroup, NAR elevated the risk of T2DM via HOMA-R.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2607806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the follicular fluid microbiome in endometriosis patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.","authors":"Wenjie Zhao, Yan Zhang, Huagang Ma, Pingping Sun, Yuhua Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2612148","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2612148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disorder associated with infertility. EMs patients often require assisted reproductive technology (ART) but exhibit lower success rates. This study aimed to characterize the follicular fluid microbiome in EMs patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and provide insights into mechanisms underlying lower pregnancy rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Follicular fluid samples were collected from EMs patients and control subjectsundergoing IVF. Microbial DNA was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bioinformatic analyses, including alpha and beta diversity analysis, microbial composition profiling and biomarker identification, were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The follicular fluid microbiome in EMs patients exhibited altered alpha and beta diversity compared to controls. Distinct microbial compositions were observed at various taxonomic levels. Differentially abundant taxa were identified as potential biomarkers for EMs. Microbial profiles were associated with clinical parameters such as oocyte quality and fertilization rates. Models based on microbial profiles were constructed to elucidate the relationship between EMs and IVF outcomes. Functional predictions suggested alterations in metabolic pathways in the follicular fluid microbiome of EMs patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed significant alterations in the follicular fluid microbiome of EMs patients, providing a basis for further research into the role of the microbiome in EMs-related infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2612148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated endometrial podocalyxin and LIF expression in women with ovarian endometrioma.","authors":"Gökçenur Karakelleoğlu, Cihan Karadağ","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2662696","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2662696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether ovarian endometrioma is associated with disruption of the endocrine-regulated transition between the anti-adhesive modulator podocalyxin (PCX) and the adhesive modulator leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in the endometrium.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 42 women (32 infertile, 10 fertile controls). Among infertile participants, 17 had ovarian endometrioma (EOC), seven had non-endometriotic cysts, and eight had prior infertility treatment failure. Endometrial tissue obtained via laparoscopy or hysteroscopy was analyzed in 30 women with mid- or late-luteal endometrium. PCX mRNA, PCX protein, and LIF mRNA levels were assessed using qRT-PCR and ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LIF mRNA expression was significantly lower in the EOC group compared to all other groups (p < 0.001), while PCX mRNA and protein levels were higher (p < 0.001). Progesterone levels negatively correlated with PCX mRNA (r = -0.48, <i>p </i>= 0.007) and protein (r = -0.45, <i>p </i>= 0.012). LIF expression showed strong negative correlations with PCX mRNA (r = -0.81) and protein (r = -0.82) (p < 0.001). No associations were found with cyst characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ovarian endometrioma is associated with disruption of the PCX-LIF transition, suggesting impaired endometrial progesterone responsiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2662696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome comparisons of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocols in adenomyosis patients: a real-world retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Zengyan Wang, Jingdi Yang, Chuan Huang, Yanwen Xu","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2668866","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2668866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of different COH protocols on pregnancy outcomes in adenomyosis patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A real-world retrospective cohort study analyzed 1486 IVF-ET cycles in adenomyosis patients who received COH regimens between 2018 and 2021. Pregnancy outcomes were compared among patients under different COH protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The short-acting long protocol achieved the highest live birth (47.92%) and cumulative clinical pregnancy (68.84%) rates. The antagonist protocol showed lower fresh-cycle pregnancy (36.63% vs. 52.10%, <i>p</i> = 0.036), live birth (21.78% vs. 36.55%, <i>p</i> = 0.009), and cumulative clinical pregnancy rates (39.31% vs. 53.29%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to the long/ultra-long protocol. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that the COH protocol was an independent predictor of both clinical pregnancy (Wald <i>χ</i>² = 8.127, <i>p</i> = 0.043) and cumulative clinical pregnancy (Wald <i>χ</i>² = 40.344, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In patients <35 years with a normal ovarian reserve (anti-Müllerian hormone ≥ 1.2 ng/mL), live birth rates and cumulative clinical pregnancy rates were similar between the antagonist protocol and long/ultra-long protocols (27.59% vs. 44.94%, <i>p</i> = 0.098; 63.83% vs. 63.87%, <i>p</i> = 0.995), with significantly less gonadotropin used in the antagonist protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In adenomyosis patients, the long/ultra-long provided better fresh-cycle outcomes. While the antagonist protocol had lower overall pregnancy rates, it preserved cumulative pregnancy rates in young patients with normal ovarian reserves and reduced gonadotropin exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2668866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147928736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}