Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 CO\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 ${rm CO}_2$\u0000 -Enhanced Oil Recovery on Wave Velocities in Upper Assam Basin","authors":"Subrata Borgohain Gogoi, Pranab Boral, Borkha Mech, Xianfeng Fan, Pradip Borgohain, Deepjyoti Mech","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2343","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2343","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the impact of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>CO</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm CO}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> flooding on <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>p</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${V}_p$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${V}_s$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> wave velocities in the Upper Assam Basin. Laboratory experiments were conducted on 15 consolidated sandstone cores from the Naharkatiya and Rudrasagar reservoirs (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>></mo>\u0000 <mn>3000</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$>3000$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> m depth) and one unconsolidated sand pack (lightweight proppant, Houston, USA). Samples, with porosities ranging from 8.03% to 47.00%, were saturated with <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <mi>-</mi>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mn>16</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 <mn>34</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>${n{text{-}}{rm C}}_{16}{rm H}_{34}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> before <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>CO</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm CO}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> injection.</p>\u0000 <p>Results indicate <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>CO</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm CO}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> flooding reduces <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>p</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${V}_p$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> (compressional velocity, m/s) by 4–11% in consolidated samples and over 25% in the unconsolidated pack, with less pronounced but significant reductions in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>V</mi>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${V}_s$</annotation>\u0000 <","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"357-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrofitting Low Carbon Aviation Fuels Processes From Natural Gas to Renewables Energy-Based Systems","authors":"Yasmin Abdelkarim,&nbsp;Tagwa Musa,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Challiwala,&nbsp;Tala Katbeh,&nbsp;Hanif Choudhury,&nbsp;Mahmoud El-Halwagi,&nbsp;Nimir O. Elbashir","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2340","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aviation sector's dependence on high-energy-density fuels presents a challenge for decarbonization. This study evaluates the economic and environmental feasibility of retrofitting a gas-to-liquid (GTL) plant for low carbon aviation fuel (LCAF) production using solar electrification, an advanced reformer unit (CARGEN), and a hybrid configuration integrating both. The solar scenario achieved a 30% reduction in indirect emissions, lowering carbon intensity (CI) from 554.3 to 390.8 g CO₂ eq/bbl, but remains economically unviable without carbon credits above $185/t. The CARGEN retrofit, which recycles CO₂ into 2743 t/day multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), reverses net emissions and maintains strong profitability at moderate natural gas (NG) prices. The hybrid scenario achieved a net-negative total CI of −138.9 g CO₂ eq/bbl, surpassing Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) targets and emerging as the most effective decarbonization strategy. Techno-economic analysis revealed that the LCAF production costs are highly sensitive to NG price fluctuations. At $3.36/MMBtu, the levelized cost of fuel (LCOF) ranges from $76.1/bbl (base case) to $257.8/bbl (hybrid). The hybrid scenario, despite higher capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX), remains the most viable long-term strategy, ensuring economic resilience through stable CO₂ reduction costs and diversified revenue streams. However, at $7/MMBtu, its payback period exceeds 12 years under the $15/kg MWCNT pricing assumption and the highest carbon credit of $185/t, highlighting the need for policy incentives to ensure commercial scalability. This study presents a scalable model for decarbonizing aviation fuel production, aligning with global sustainability goals by integrating renewable energy and advanced CO₂ utilization technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"601-614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ghg.2340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 15, Issue 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2342","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the article <i>The Prediction of CO₂ Plume Using Neural Network Based On the Swin Transformer</i> by Yikang Zheng et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2333.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ghg.2342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Carbon Capture and Storage Strategies in Hard-to-Abate Industries for Achieving Vietnam's Net Zero by 2050","authors":"Hai T. Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2341","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2341","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluates the potential of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a key strategy for reducing industrial emissions, focusing on integrating CCS within these industries to help Vietnam meet its decarbonization goals. Key objectives include assessing the feasibility of CCS across various sectors, mapping CO₂ source–sink networks, and proposing the creation of CCS hubs supported by Vietnam's geological storage resources. Notably, this research explores the integration of blue hydrogen production within CCS infrastructure, leveraging Vietnam's natural gas reserves to establish a low-carbon hydrogen economy. By drawing on international CCS case studies and assessing Vietnam's unique geological and industrial landscape, this study provides a strategic framework that can guide Vietnam's path toward a sustainable, net zero future. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"333-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Site Selection to Characterization: Assessment of Potential Reservoirs in the Lurestan Basin of Iran for Carbon Sequestration","authors":"Pegah Dinani,&nbsp;Sabina Bigi,&nbsp;Stan E. Beaubien,&nbsp;Alessia Conti,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Moallemi,&nbsp;Fabio Trippetta,&nbsp;Behzad Tokhmechi","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2339","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2339","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing global focus on carbon sequestration underscores the need for comprehensive CO₂ storage atlases, extending beyond Europe and America to other countries that are significant contributors to carbon dioxide emissions. This article addresses this imperative by examining the CO₂ storage potential in the Lurestan area of Iran, with a specific focus on static reservoir modelling and capacity calculation. Our approach involves evaluating potential reservoirs for carbon sequestration using seismic data and well logs followed by site ranking using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. An in-depth evaluation was then performed on the highest ranking available reservoir. This included construction of a 3D geological model based on integrated well log and seismic data followed by population of the defined reservoir and seal layers with crucial properties based on available well logs. Finally, reservoir storage capacity was estimated using a volumetric approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"319-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ghg.2339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cementless Aggregate From Industrial Solid Wastes: Optimization Preparation and Environmental Impact Assessment","authors":"Xiangbo Zou,&nbsp;Kai Xiong,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Yafang Li,&nbsp;Dequn Ma,&nbsp;Chuangting Chen,&nbsp;Zhenwei Yi,&nbsp;Tao Wang","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2336","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2336","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address the issues of high density and low strength in traditional non-fired lightweight aggregates, using CO₂ mineralization curing can effectively enhance product performance and synergistically utilize industrial solid waste and CO₂. CO₂ mineralization curing significantly improves the cylindrical compressive strength of lightweight aggregates (6.8 MPa), reduces the water absorption rate (6.83%), and achieves a suitable bulk density (896 kg/m³). By analyzing the carbonation rate of different particle sizes through gas–solid reaction kinetics, it was found that the rate curve of mineralization curing for lightweight aggregate samples better fits the three-dimensional diffusion model, with smaller particles exhibiting a higher carbonation rate. Microscopic characterization analysis revealed that the primary mineralization product is calcium carbonate, which is present in the form of calcite. Higher curing temperatures and prolonged durations may result in decalcification within the lightweight aggregates. Moreover, the calcium carbonate particles produced during the carbonation process can cause expansion of the internal structure of the lightweight aggregates, leading to a decline in the mechanical properties of the product. The life cycle carbon emissions for each ton of steam-cured lightweight aggregate are 105.821 kg, whereas the life cycle carbon emissions for CO₂ mineralized lightweight aggregates are only −1.879 kg, making this method beneficial for clean production and solving significant problems in actual production. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"305-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Insight Into the Replacement Behavior of CO2CH4 Hydrate in Porous Media: Implications for CH4 Recovery and CO2 Storage","authors":"Xuemin Zhang,&nbsp;Yetao Zhang,&nbsp;Tingting Huang,&nbsp;Tao Shao,&nbsp;Hongbin Song,&nbsp;Wenqiang Cui,&nbsp;Jinping Li,&nbsp;Qingbai Wu,&nbsp;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2337","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2337","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO₂ replacement method is an auspicious method for the CH₄ extraction from gas hydrate and the CO₂ geological storage into sediments. The replacement of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate in porous medium system is jointly affected by many factors such as heat transfer, mass transfer, and reaction. It is of great significance to deeply understand the mechanism and dynamics of different factors influencing the replacement characteristics of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate in porous media. In this study, the molecular dynamics simulation method was employed to study the replacement characteristics and kinetic process of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate in porous medium system with varying conditions expecting to offer significant theoretical direction and a point of reference for the CO₂ replacement method of natural gas hydrate extraction in permafrost regions in reality. The quantitative influence and internal mechanism of different factors on the replacement process of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate were revealed. The results show that, in the porous medium system, when the temperature was ranged of 265–270 K and the pressure was ranged of 10–20 MPa, the replacement effect of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate is the best under the initial concentration of CO₂ of 100%. It was further indicated that the replacement effect is appropriate when the initial concentration of CO₂ was ranged of 40%–60% under the case of 265 K and 10 MPa. Moreover, the result also indicated that the effects of some certain factors, including temperature, pressure, and initial concentration of CO₂ on the replacement process of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate, exist slightly different. Owing to the adsorption effect of porous media on CO₂ molecules, it reduced the replacement efficiency between CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate. Additionally, the initial concentration of CO₂ imposed a more significant influence on the replacement of CO₂<span></span>CH₄ hydrate in porous medium system considering the adsorption effect of porous. It does not mean that the higher the initial concentration of CO₂, the better the replacement effect of hydrate. The diffusion capacity of CO₂ depends on the concentration of H₂O molecules and the adsorption effect of porous media.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Rapid Hydrate Formation for CO2 Capture: Characteristics, Mechanism, and Applications","authors":"Xuemin Zhang,&nbsp;Wenqiang Cui,&nbsp;Jiale Chen,&nbsp;Yetao Zhang,&nbsp;Jiacheng Liu,&nbsp;Jinping Li,&nbsp;Qingqing Liu,&nbsp;Qing Yuan,&nbsp;Qingbai Wu","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2338","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2338","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO₂, being a major greenhouse gas, is regarded as an important contributor to global warming and environmental problems. CO₂ capture and separation are an efficient approach for reducing CO₂ emissions in the atmosphere. A hydrate method of CO₂ capture and separation provides a feasible solution to the emission reduction of CO₂ in the atmosphere. However, the rapid formation of hydrate is crucial for CO₂ capture and separation using the hydrate technique. As a consequence, this paper comprehensively reviewed the rapid formation characteristics and the kinetic law of CO₂ hydrate, as well as deeply analyzed the influences of temperature and pressure conditions, gas–liquid ratios, additives, hydration reaction system, hydration reaction process, and other factors on its formation process. On this basis, the quantitative impact and regulatory mechanisms of different factors on the nucleation and growth process of CO₂ hydrate were comprehensively analyzed. The influence mechanisms and kinetic laws of temperature, pressure, gas–liquid ratio selection, additive concentration, and type of reaction system on CO₂ hydrate rapid formation were detailed. The regulatory and enhancement mechanisms of CO₂ hydrate rapid formation under multiple factors were elucidated. The application of CO₂ capture by the hydrate method and its challenges are summarized. In the end, the key problems and future directions of rapid CO₂ capture and separation using the hydrate method were pointed out. The synergistic mechanism of rapid CO₂ hydrate formation and the enhancement through multiple factors still need to be further investigated. Developing new reactor structures and optimizing the hydration reaction process are important in promoting the rapid formation of CO₂ hydrate.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"277-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prediction of CO2 Plume Using Neural Network Based On the Swin Transformer","authors":"Yaqi Liu,&nbsp;Yikang Zheng,&nbsp;Boxun An,&nbsp;Zesheng Yang","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2333","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2333","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigating the migration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluids is essential for the effective monitoring in the geological sequestration of CO₂. Traditional numerical simulation methods are often time-consuming and computationally expensive. Recently, deep learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have gained traction for predicting CO₂ plume migration. However, these approaches typically require extensive training datasets and tend to emphasize local information. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a visual attention model along with a novel neural network based on the Swin Transformer architecture to forecast CO₂ plume migration in heterogeneous geological formations. A significant challenge in conventional machine vision is the translational invariance of input images, which can hinder performance. To address this issue, we integrate relevant physical prior knowledge into our model. Compared with U-net and Transformer, the model exhibits highest predictive performance, with an <i>R</i>² score of 0.9741 and the test set root mean squared error (RMSE) reaching 0.0245. These results indicate that this approach enables the network to effectively extract both local and global features, maximizing the use of limited datasets and enhancing the understanding of CO₂ migration patterns. Additionally, the model demonstrates strong capabilities for global information learning and generalization. These advantages, therefore, facilitate the extensive application of the visual attention model in predicting CO₂ migration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on Numerical Simulation of CH4 Breakthrough Pressure in Unsaturated Rock Based on Step-By-Step Method and Continuous Injection Method","authors":"Jiaqi Zhao,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Qi Li,&nbsp;Wentao Ban,&nbsp;Qingchun Yu","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2335","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ghg.2335","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter affecting gas production and evaluation of tight reservoir sealing capabilities. This study aims to explore the impact of different injection methods on CH₄ breakthrough pressure in unsaturated rocks. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the CH₄ breakthrough process, and comparative analysis was conducted using step-by-step and continuous injection methods. The results show that the step-by-step method has higher measurement accuracy under low CH₄ breakthrough pressure and is suitable for scenarios that require precise evaluation, whereas the continuous injection method is more efficient under high CH₄ breakthrough pressure and is suitable for rapid evaluation needs. According to outcomes of simulation, this research suggested a numerical optimization framework aimed at forecasting the breakthrough pressure of CH₄ and verified the accuracy and applicability of the model through linear fitting of experimental data and predicted values. In addition, the study also conducted a sensitivity analysis on the pore distribution index (<i>m</i>) and injection flow rate (<i>u_in</i>) in the van Genuchten model. The results show that <i>u_in</i> has a small impact on breakthrough pressure, whereas <i>m</i> has a considerable effect on breakthrough pressure. An increase in <i>m</i> leads to an increase in breakthrough pressure, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of rock core. This study reveals the applicability difference between the step-by-step method and the continuous injection method in predicting CH₄ breakthrough pressure and proposes an effective prediction method based on numerical simulation, which provides valuable insights for selecting gas injection methods and predicting breakthrough pressure in rocks. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"229-247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}