{"title":"Diatomite as a Partial and Sustainable Cement Replacement: Chemical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties","authors":"Younes El Miski, Oussama Zine, Mohamed Ameur, Yassine Kharbouch, Driss Taoukil","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2352","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the use of Moroccan diatomite in its raw and calcined forms in mortar as a partial replacement for cement to reduce the primary energy consumption in cement production. For this purpose, a thermophysical and mechanical study was carried out. In addition, the energy consumption and global warming potential (GWP) associated with the production of these materials were assessed using a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment analysis. Several samples were prepared by replacing up to 40% of the cement with diatomite, while maintaining the same sand and water content in the mortar. The study found that diatomite reduced thermal conductivity and diffusivity owing to its high insulating potential. However, calcining diatomite up to 850°C altered the quality of the produced silica, resulting in lower values compared with raw diatomite mortars. The mortars’ compressive and flexural strengths slightly decreased when diatomite was used as a substitute, with reductions of up to 10%. Calcined diatomite mortars demonstrated a higher water absorption capacity than raw diatomite mortars. The study concluded that mortars in which 40% of the cement has been partially replaced by either raw diatomite or calcined diatomite offer the most satisfactory thermal performance, while retaining sufficient mechanical strength to enable them to be classified as construction mortars. Calcined diatomite mortars offer favorable performance compared to raw diatomite, suggesting the potential of calcined diatomite to reduce the environmental impact and improve mortar quality, opening prospects for environment-friendly mortars and cost optimization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"394-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Hui Law, Aisyah Ilyani Ismail, Graham Leverick, Elizabeth M. Bernhardt, Azlan Mohd. Kassim, Farihahusnah Hussin, Betar M. Gallant, Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Fahd Mohamad Alqahtani, Menad Nait Amar, Hakim Djema, Khaled Ourabah, Amer Alanazi, Mohammad Ghasemi
{"title":"Machine Learning–Based Estimation of Hydrogen Solubility in Brine for Underground Storage in Saline Aquifers","authors":"Fahd Mohamad Alqahtani, Menad Nait Amar, Hakim Djema, Khaled Ourabah, Amer Alanazi, Mohammad Ghasemi","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2353","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Saline aquifers are considered among the most attractive porous media systems for underground hydrogen storage (UHS) because of their wide availability and the considerable capacity of storage. The successful implementation of UHS in saline aquifers depends on many vital factors and parameters. Among these factors, the solubility of hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) in brine remains a relevant consideration, particularly due to its influence on potential bio-geochemical reactions that may occur within underground formations. Given the significant expense and time demands associated with experimental methods for determining hydrogen solubility in brine, there is a growing need for a reliable and low-cost alternative capable of delivering accurate predictions. In this research, a suite of robust machine learning (ML) schemes, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), genetic programming (GP), and the group method of data handling (GMDH), is employed to construct predictive models for hydrogen solubility in brine, specifically under challenging high-pressure and high-temperature scenarios. The obtained results demonstrated the promising performance of the newly suggested ML-based paradigms. MLP optimized with Levenberg–Marquardt (MLP-LMA) yielded the best statistical metrics, including an <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> of 0.9991 and an average absolute relative error (AARE) of 0.9417%. The findings of this study are important because they demonstrate that ML-based approaches embodied in intelligent paradigms are accurate and efficient and therefore have potential for use in reservoir simulators to assess dissolution processes associated with UHS in porous media.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"409-420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyong Li, Qingdan Huang, Tingyan Wang, Huihong Huang, Haoyong Song
{"title":"Influences of Diamine Molecular Structures on the Phase-Change CO2 Capture From Flue Gas","authors":"Ziyong Li, Qingdan Huang, Tingyan Wang, Huihong Huang, Haoyong Song","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2347","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The amino groups and its substituents of organic amine absorbents have an important influence on the CO<sub>2</sub> absorption and desorption performance. In this study, four diamines with the same primary amino group and another different amino groups were selected as absorbents, including 1,3-propanediamine (1,3-PDA), 3-methylaminopropylamine (MAPA), 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA), and 3-diethylaminopropylamine (DEAPA). The phase-change absorption system uses a mixture of polyether and H<sub>2</sub>O as the solvent. The CO<sub>2</sub> absorption performance of flue gas was studied with the analysis on absorption and desorption rate, cycle capacity, and desorption ratio. The effect of diamine molecular structures on phase-change CO<sub>2</sub> capture was investigated by nuclear magnetic carbon spectroscopy. The results show that DEAPA exhibits highest absorption capacity of 1.21 mol CO<sub>2</sub>/mol amine and recycling capacity of 1.09 mol CO<sub>2</sub>/mol amine. The absorption rate of primary and secondary diamines in the phase-change system is significantly higher than that of primary and tertiary diamines. The diamine system with tertiary amino groups has significantly faster desorption rate, higher desorption ratio, and cycle capacity than the primary and secondary diamine systems. The intramolecular tertiary amino group is more conducive to promoting the absorption of CO<sub>2</sub> than the intermolecular tertiary amino group, which can increase the absorption rate of CO<sub>2</sub> by the primary amino group and enhance the CO<sub>2</sub> desorption.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"346-356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim Aslan Resitoglu, Banu Sugozu, Muhammed Arslan Omar
{"title":"Reduction of Pollutant Emissions in Diesel Engines Through Metal-Based Fuel Additives and Aftertreatment Emission Control Technologies","authors":"Ibrahim Aslan Resitoglu, Banu Sugozu, Muhammed Arslan Omar","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2346","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pollutant emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HCs), nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>), and particulate matter (PM) from diesel engines have serious adverse effects on both human health and the environment. Advanced post-engine emission control systems, such as the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR), have proven effective in substantially reducing or minimizing emissions of CO, HC, and NO<sub>x</sub>. Additionally, the use of metal-based fuel additives in diesel fuel has been widely studied and applied in practice to improve engine performance and optimize emission outcomes. The interaction between metal-based fuel additives and the performance of DOC and SCR systems has become a key area of research focus. This study investigates the impact of metal-based fuel additives—including cerium (IV) oxide, copper (II) oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel (II) oxide, and titanium (IV) oxide—on the performance of DOC and SCR catalysts under various engine load conditions. In the experiments, conventional DOC and SCR catalysts were used, specifically Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> for the DOC and V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-WO<sub>3</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> versus Ag/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> for the SCR. The variations in CO, NO, and NO<sub>x</sub> levels in the exhaust gas were monitored, and the efficiency of the catalysts in converting these emissions was calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that the combination of metal-based fuel additives with post-engine emission control technologies can effectively reduce pollutant emissions from diesel engines. Among the metal-based additives tested, cerium (IV) oxide and nickel (II) oxide were found to be particularly effective in enhancing the conversion efficiencies of DOC and SCR systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":"371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}