{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 15, Issue 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the article <i>The Prediction of CO<sub>2</sub> Plume Using Neural Network Based On the Swin Transformer</i> by Yikang Zheng et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2333.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ghg.2342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Insight Into the Replacement Behavior of CO2CH4 Hydrate in Porous Media: Implications for CH4 Recovery and CO2 Storage","authors":"Xuemin Zhang, Yetao Zhang, Tingting Huang, Tao Shao, Hongbin Song, Wenqiang Cui, Jinping Li, Qingbai Wu, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2337","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO<sub>2</sub> replacement method is an auspicious method for the CH<sub>4</sub> extraction from gas hydrate and the CO<sub>2</sub> geological storage into sediments. The replacement of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate in porous medium system is jointly affected by many factors such as heat transfer, mass transfer, and reaction. It is of great significance to deeply understand the mechanism and dynamics of different factors influencing the replacement characteristics of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate in porous media. In this study, the molecular dynamics simulation method was employed to study the replacement characteristics and kinetic process of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate in porous medium system with varying conditions expecting to offer significant theoretical direction and a point of reference for the CO<sub>2</sub> replacement method of natural gas hydrate extraction in permafrost regions in reality. The quantitative influence and internal mechanism of different factors on the replacement process of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate were revealed. The results show that, in the porous medium system, when the temperature was ranged of 265–270 K and the pressure was ranged of 10–20 MPa, the replacement effect of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate is the best under the initial concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> of 100%. It was further indicated that the replacement effect is appropriate when the initial concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> was ranged of 40%–60% under the case of 265 K and 10 MPa. Moreover, the result also indicated that the effects of some certain factors, including temperature, pressure, and initial concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> on the replacement process of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate, exist slightly different. Owing to the adsorption effect of porous media on CO<sub>2</sub> molecules, it reduced the replacement efficiency between CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate. Additionally, the initial concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> imposed a more significant influence on the replacement of CO<sub>2</sub><span></span>CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate in porous medium system considering the adsorption effect of porous. It does not mean that the higher the initial concentration of CO<sub>2</sub>, the better the replacement effect of hydrate. The diffusion capacity of CO<sub>2</sub> depends on the concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O molecules and the adsorption effect of porous media.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Rapid Hydrate Formation for CO2 Capture: Characteristics, Mechanism, and Applications","authors":"Xuemin Zhang, Wenqiang Cui, Jiale Chen, Yetao Zhang, Jiacheng Liu, Jinping Li, Qingqing Liu, Qing Yuan, Qingbai Wu","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2338","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO<sub>2</sub>, being a major greenhouse gas, is regarded as an important contributor to global warming and environmental problems. CO<sub>2</sub> capture and separation are an efficient approach for reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the atmosphere. A hydrate method of CO<sub>2</sub> capture and separation provides a feasible solution to the emission reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere. However, the rapid formation of hydrate is crucial for CO<sub>2</sub> capture and separation using the hydrate technique. As a consequence, this paper comprehensively reviewed the rapid formation characteristics and the kinetic law of CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate, as well as deeply analyzed the influences of temperature and pressure conditions, gas–liquid ratios, additives, hydration reaction system, hydration reaction process, and other factors on its formation process. On this basis, the quantitative impact and regulatory mechanisms of different factors on the nucleation and growth process of CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate were comprehensively analyzed. The influence mechanisms and kinetic laws of temperature, pressure, gas–liquid ratio selection, additive concentration, and type of reaction system on CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate rapid formation were detailed. The regulatory and enhancement mechanisms of CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate rapid formation under multiple factors were elucidated. The application of CO<sub>2</sub> capture by the hydrate method and its challenges are summarized. In the end, the key problems and future directions of rapid CO<sub>2</sub> capture and separation using the hydrate method were pointed out. The synergistic mechanism of rapid CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate formation and the enhancement through multiple factors still need to be further investigated. Developing new reactor structures and optimizing the hydration reaction process are important in promoting the rapid formation of CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"277-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Prediction of CO2 Plume Using Neural Network Based On the Swin Transformer","authors":"Yaqi Liu, Yikang Zheng, Boxun An, Zesheng Yang","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2333","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigating the migration of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluids is essential for the effective monitoring in the geological sequestration of CO<sub>2</sub>. Traditional numerical simulation methods are often time-consuming and computationally expensive. Recently, deep learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have gained traction for predicting CO<sub>2</sub> plume migration. However, these approaches typically require extensive training datasets and tend to emphasize local information. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a visual attention model along with a novel neural network based on the Swin Transformer architecture to forecast CO<sub>2</sub> plume migration in heterogeneous geological formations. A significant challenge in conventional machine vision is the translational invariance of input images, which can hinder performance. To address this issue, we integrate relevant physical prior knowledge into our model. Compared with U-net and Transformer, the model exhibits highest predictive performance, with an <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> score of 0.9741 and the test set root mean squared error (RMSE) reaching 0.0245. These results indicate that this approach enables the network to effectively extract both local and global features, maximizing the use of limited datasets and enhancing the understanding of CO<sub>2</sub> migration patterns. Additionally, the model demonstrates strong capabilities for global information learning and generalization. These advantages, therefore, facilitate the extensive application of the visual attention model in predicting CO<sub>2</sub> migration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Reduction Pretreatment on Ni─Cu Bimetallic Catalysts and Their Catalytic Performance on CO2 Hydrogenation","authors":"Qihang Wen, Yifei Feng, Haoyuan Gu, Haitao Yan, Zixu Yang, Minghui Zhu, Jing Xu","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2332","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The performance of bimetallic catalysts is closely related to their surface structure, and the surface reconstruction process can affect the distribution of active sites, electronic structure, and reactant adsorption behavior. Traditional research has mostly focused on optimizing synthesis processes, such as controlling the size and distribution of metal particles, whereas there is relatively little research on the effect of pretreatment conditions on the dynamic structure of catalysts. In this study, a 10Ni─1Cu catalyst was synthesized using the deposition–precipitation method, and the effects of different pretreatment conditions on its performance were investigated. The catalyst was first pretreated at 500°C in a 60%H<sub>2</sub>/40%N<sub>2</sub> atmosphere, followed by reduction under different pretreatment atmospheres (10%H<sub>2</sub>/90%N<sub>2</sub> or 15%CO<sub>2</sub>/60%H<sub>2</sub>/25%N<sub>2</sub>) at the same temperature. At 400°C and a space velocity of 30 L h<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, the methane production rate of the catalyst treated in the reaction atmosphere significantly increased from 12.4 to 15.8 µmol g<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> compared to the catalyst treated with hydrogen alone. Characterization techniques, such as TEM, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (CO-DRIFTS), were employed to study the structural properties of the catalysts, focusing on the surface properties after reduction and the surface species during the reaction. This study demonstrates that catalysts pretreated in the reaction atmosphere enhance methane production rates by regulating the surface structure and forming Ni─Cu alloy structures with a lower Ni/Cu ratio, thereby optimizing the selectivity of hydrogenation products.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Slyvester Yew Wang Chai, Bing Shen How, Lock Hei Ngu
{"title":"Elucidation of Potable Water Accelerated Weathering of Limestone for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture: Correlation, Optimization, Comparative, Kinetic Modelling and Mass Transfer Analysis","authors":"Slyvester Yew Wang Chai, Bing Shen How, Lock Hei Ngu","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2329","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Energy generation and industrial processes are the main emitters of CO<sub>2</sub>, with 37.4 billion tCO<sub>2</sub> in 2023, causing detrimental environmental effects. As absorption is the most established carbon capture technology, this research implements the accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) process to capture CO<sub>2</sub> from post-combustion emissions. However, this work replaces the conventional water source for the AWL process, seawater, with potable water. A correlation study was performed to study the effect of the proposed process's liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio on the performance (i.e., effluent's alkalinity and CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency). The correlation findings show that by decreasing the L/G ratio (1–0.003), the calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) effluent concentration (0.77–3.65 mM) and pH (5.58–7.47) increase significantly, whereas CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency (81.94%–20.82%) was adversely affected. The optimization analysis obtained the highest achievable alkalinity at 3.63 mM at an optimized liquid and gas flow rate of 0.024 and 10 L min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Meanwhile, the liquid and gas flow rates of 1.23 and 1 L min<sup>−1</sup> achieved the highest CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency of 82.15%. It was deduced that potable water is better than seawater for CO<sub>2</sub> capture operation via the AWL process, achieving a 12.09%–39.14% better CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency when operated at similar conditions. In addition, the kinetic and mass transfer performance of the proposed process was also established in this work. Overall, this research establishes the potential of a potable water-operated AWL process for future commercialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"178-196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ghg.2329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasaman Hosseinzadeh Dehaghani, Mehdi Assareh, Farzaneh Feyzi
{"title":"Molecular Dynamics Insights Into the Phase Equilibria and Thermophysical Properties of CO2–H2S–Brine System During Acid Gas Sequestration in Saline Aquifers","authors":"Yasaman Hosseinzadeh Dehaghani, Mehdi Assareh, Farzaneh Feyzi","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work represents an extensive molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation study with the microstructural insight at the interface to simultaneously predict the phase equilibria, transport, and interfacial properties of the CO<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>S–brine system within the range of temperatures 323.15–393.15 K, pressures up to 30 MPa, H<sub>2</sub>S contents of 0–70 mol%, and salt molalities of 1–4 mol/kg, aiming to address the insufficiency of data under typical conditions of acid gas sequestration. The validation results demonstrate that the average absolute deviations (AAD%) for the predicted solubility of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S in water and in 2 mol/kg NaCl solution were found to be 5.45%, 6.34%, 5.78%, and 5.41%, respectively. Moreover, the AAD% for interfacial tension (IFT) and density were 6.74% and 3.70%, respectively, verifying the validity and performance of the applied force field parameters and computational methods. The simulation results indicated that H<sub>2</sub>S solubility in brine is more sensitive to changes in the acid gas composition and temperature compared to CO<sub>2</sub> solubility. The presence of H<sub>2</sub>S remarkably reduces the CO<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>S–brine IFT, with the reduction degree depending on the H<sub>2</sub>S content. Increasing the H<sub>2</sub>S mole fraction in acid gas mixtures delays convective mixing by reducing the brine density. At about 64 mol% H<sub>2</sub>S, the aqueous solution's density equals that of fresh brine, which is the highest H<sub>2</sub>S content that can maintain the benefit of convective mixing in the dissolution trapping. The maximum acid gas column height that can be safely stored is most significant at lower temperature and H<sub>2</sub>S content. On the basis of the results, pressure, temperature, and salt molality have a higher influence on the viscosity than density in the studied ranges. The new data generated by the current study can be utilized to develop predictive models of acid gas long-term behavior, which will reduce the uncertainty of real storage schemes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"154-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Wang, Jiabin Liu, Xiangjun Chen, Hanxiao Guo, Shuailong Feng
{"title":"Stress Distribution Characteristics Near Small Coal Faults and Prediction of Coal and Gas Outburst Risk","authors":"Lin Wang, Jiabin Liu, Xiangjun Chen, Hanxiao Guo, Shuailong Feng","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2331","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to accurately predict the risk of coal and gas outbursts in coal seams located near small faults. Models of small-scale normal faults in the Changping mine field were constructed using the FLAC3D software, with fault dip angles of 65° and 70°, and drops of 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 m. The objective was to analyze the effects of fault drop and dip angle on stress distribution near the faults and to predict the related outburst risks. The results indicate that in the hanging wall of the fault, the peak stress correlates with the fault drop through a linear function, whereas the range of influence is described by a quadratic function. As the fault drop increases, the impact range and stress peak also increase. The position of the stress peak gradually shifts away from the section, whereas the stress concentration area widens. Furthermore, the protruding danger zone expands and similarly moves farther from the section. When the fault drop is constant, the impact range of the 65° dip fault is smaller; however, the stress peak and the stress concentration zone in the nearby coal seam are larger and closer to the fault surface. Additionally, the highlighted danger zone is also larger and nearer to the fault surface. On the basis of the measured fundamental parameters of coal seam gas in the region, within a distance of 6 m from the fault surface (Zone I), there is a significant influence from the fault, resulting in a higher risk of outburst in this area. In the range of 6–15 m from the fault surface (Zone II), the gas content continues to increase, leading to an overall heightened risk of outburst.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12796,"journal":{"name":"Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology","volume":"15 2","pages":"142-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}