Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Topical losartan ophthalmic drops - a review of corneal wound healing and topical losartan for managing corneal haze and potential future indications.","authors":"Mariam Abdelghaffar, José Luis Güell, Nuno Moura-Coelho","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06710-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06710-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corneal haze, a consequence of pathological wound healing, manifests as opacity and sometimes irregularity impairing vision. This condition arises from breaches in the epithelial barrier, triggering an inflammatory cascade culminating in myofibroblasts formation. Surgical procedures such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and corneal cross-linking (CXL) are major contributors, alongside non-surgical causes like trauma and infections. Research has extensively explored post-surgical corneal haze, focusing on the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway, inflammation management, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Losartan, traditionally an antihypertensive, has gained attention in ophthalmology for its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have supported its efficacy in reducing corneal fibrosis post-descemetorhexis, alkali burn, and PRK injuries in animal models, and human case reports. This review aims to examine the topical use of losartan 0.08% in ophthalmology, assessing its effectiveness against post-surgical corneal haze and exploring its pharmacological profile and potential future applications. We provide a systematic review of all published in-human studies of the use of topical losartan in corneal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"925-934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of sural nerve vertical cross-face graft for lacrimal gland neurotization in neurodeprivative dry eye.","authors":"Alfonso Strianese, Federico Bolognesi, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Valentino de Ruvo, Fabiana Allevi, Filippo Tarabbia, Luca Mario Rossetti, Federico Biglioli, Paolo Fogagnolo","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06697-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06697-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We recently described a novel surgical procedure to reinnervate the lacrimal gland in neurodeprivative dry eye disease and reported the 1-year outcomes of patients treated accordingly. The purpose of this paper is to describe the long-term outcomes of this innovative surgical technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Monocentric cross-sectional study including consecutive patients affected by facial palsy with an absolute deficiency of tear secretion (Schirmer test 0 mm/5 min) who underwent lacrimal gland neurotization, as previously described. Before surgery (T0) and at the last follow-up visit (T1), the following parameters were evaluated: tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (Oxford score), Schirmer test type I, usage of tear substitutes (daily number of instillation). At T1, subjective satisfaction with surgery was collected and tear film osmolarity (TFO) was measured in both operated and contralateral eye. Corneal sensitivity was performed at T0 and T1 in patients who underwent neurotization of both lacrimal gland and cornea due to the concomitant presence of neurotrophic keratopathy (trigeminal nerve palsy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 9 patients (4 M, 5 F; mean age 47.1 ± 17.1 years) who underwent lacrimal gland neurotization and were followed up for an average time of 87 months (± 15) (range 60-108) were analyzed. The study procedure was combined in all cases with facial reanimation, while corneal neurotization was performed in 4 cases. At T1, the mean value of Schirmer test was significantly higher compared to T0 (5.8 ± 2.0 vs 0 ± 0 mm/5 min; p < 0.0001). TBUT and corneal fluorescein staining were significantly better compared to baseline (respectively, 2.4 ± 1.8 vs 1.2 ± 0.6 s, p = 0.04 and 1.7 ± 0.8 vs 3.1 ± 0.6, p = 0.0004). TFO was not significantly different between operated eye and contralateral one (306.7 ± 9.5 mOsm/L vs 308.9 ± 11.3 mOsm/L, p = 0.67). The mean daily number of tear substitute instillations was lower at T1 compared to T0 (12 ± 7 vs 21.8 ± 4.3; p = 0.011). Overall, all patients were satisfied with surgery at T1 (very satisfied: n = 3 and satisfied: n = 6). No major postoperative complications were recorded throughout the entire follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lacrimal gland neurotization through the sural nerve is a safe and effective procedure with stable favorable outcomes in the long term.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1045-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for early and late retinal detachment after Boston type I keratoprosthesis surgery.","authors":"Eva Calpe, Jorge Fernández-Engroba, Gemma Julio, Rafael I Barraquer","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06702-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06702-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1195-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary angle-closed diseases recognition through artificial intelligence-based anterior segment-optical coherence tomography imaging.","authors":"Haipei Yao, Xiaolei Wang, Yan Suo, Jiangnan He, Chen Chu, Zhuozhen Yang, Qiuzhuo Xu, Jian Zhou, Mingqian Zhu, Xinghuai Sun, Ling Ge","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06709-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06709-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, artificial intelligence (AI) was used to deeply learn the classification of the anterior segment-Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) images. This AI systems automatically analyzed the angular structure of the AS-OCT images and automatically classified anterior chamber angle. It would improve the efficiency of AS-OCT image analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects were from the glaucoma disease screening and prevention project for elderly people in Shanghai community. Each scan contained 72 cross-sectional AS-OCT frames. We developed a deep learning-based AS-OCT image automatic anterior chamber angle analysis software. Classifier performance was evaluated against glaucoma experts' grading of AS-OCT images as standard. Outcome evaluation included accuracy (ACC) and area under the receiver operator curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>94895 AS-OCT images were collected from 687 participants, in which 69,243 images were annotated as open, 16,433 images were annotated as closed, and 9219 images were annotated as non-gradable. The class-balanced train data were formed from randomly extracting the same number of open angle images as the closed angle images, which contained 22,393 images (11127 open, 11256 closed). The best-performing classifier was developed by applying transfer learning to the ResNet-50 architecture. against experts' grading, this classifier achieved an AUC of 0.9635.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep learning classifiers effectively detect angle closure based on automated analysis of AS-OCT images. This system could be used to automate clinical evaluations of the anterior chamber angle and improve efficiency of interpreting AS-OCT images. The results demonstrated the potential of the deep learning system for rapid recognition of high-risk populations of PACD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1081-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitritis following intravitreal faricimab: a retrospective monocentric analysis.","authors":"Alexandre Bourdin, Salomon Yves Cohen, Sylvia Nghiem-Buffet, Jerome Smadja, Michel Paques, Franck Fajnkuchen, Sarah Mrejen","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06736-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06736-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents are considered as safe, with a very low rate of intraocular inflammations (IOI). Faricimab is a novel intravitreal bispecific antibody targeting both VEGF-A and angiopoietin-Tie2 independently. Despite a safe profile in randomized clinical trials, several real-life studies have reported cases of IOI. The aim of this monocentric study was to report the incidence and clinical course of intraocular inflammation following intravitreal faricimab injections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed in our tertiary care center, based on the observation of cases between December 1, 2023 and April 30, 2024. The incidence of intraocular inflammation occurring following faricimab injections compared to other anti-VEGF agents and dexamethasone implants was assessed over the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraocular inflammation was observed in 11 eyes of seven patients, and presented as isolated, painless anterior uveitis with retrocorneal precipitates in three cases and vitritis associated with anterior uveitis in eight cases. The pattern of vitritis appeared distinctive, characterized by dense, grayish vitreous bands observed mainly in the peripheral fundus. The inflammatory phase persisted for 2-10 weeks, and regressed with steroid treatment. The overall incidence of IOI with faricimab was 0.87% (11 out of 1,271 injections), with vitritis specifically observed in 0.63% of cases (8 out of 1,271 injections). In contrast, of the 3,728 injections of other anti-VEGF agents administered (including 1,765 injections of aflibercept, 1,952 injections of ranibizumab) and 43 injections of dexamethasone implants, no cases of intraocular inflammation were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our initial experience with faricimab indicates a potentially higher risk of intraocular inflammation, including a distinctive pattern of vitritis, compared to aflibercept and ranibizumab. The benefit/risk ratio should be carefully assessed, particularly in patients with monocular vision or who require simultaneous bilateral injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"965-972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of spectacle lenses specifically designed for myopia control: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Julia Perea-Romero, Isabel Signes-Soler, Laura Badenes-Ribera, Ana Tauste","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06706-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06706-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the efficacy of spectacle lenses designed to control myopia progression in individuals under 18 years old, focusing on changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and relative peripheral refraction (RPR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted according to Prisma guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, covering studies from the last six years without language restrictions. Studies were included based on specific criteria, and data were extracted and analysed using the metafor package in R. Separate meta-analyses were conducted for SER and AL at 12- and 24-month follow-ups, using random-effects models. RPR information was synthesized without meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 796 studies screened, 21 were included in the review, with 17 selected for the meta-analysis, comprising a total of 6,175 patients. At 12 months, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in SER (d+ = -0.281, p < .0001) and AL (d+ = -0.155, p < .0001) compared to the control group, where d + is the pooled mean effect size estimate. However, at 24 months, no significant differences were observed in SER (d+ = -0.385, p = .067) or AL (d+ = -0.272, p = .137) between groups. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings, and publication bias was minimal. Regarding RPR, the results are limited and differ among model lenses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Spectacle lenses designed to control myopia progression show short-term benefits, significantly reducing SER and AL at 12 months. However, their long-term efficacy remains uncertain, with no significant differences observed at 24 months. Further research is needed to understand treatment response factors and evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of these lenses in myopia management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"909-924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pooled results from two pivotal randomized controlled clinical trials: ESSENCE-1 and ESSENCE-2 to assess efficacy and safety of a water-free ciclosporin 0.1% formulation for the treatment of dry eye disease.","authors":"Thomas Kaercher, John D Sheppard, Adam Hamm, Esen K Akpek, Sonja Krösser","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06688-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06688-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;This pooled analysis of two pivotal studies (ESSENCE-1 and ESSENCE-2) evaluated treatment effects of a water-free ciclosporin 0.1% solution in dry eye disease (DED) patients in the overall population and in subgroups according to sex, age, and baseline severity of disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In these randomized, multicenter, double-masked, vehicle-controlled studies patients received ciclosporin 0.1% or vehicle (1:1 ratio) in both eyes twice daily for 85 and 29 days, respectively. Total and central corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS; cCFS; NEI scale, 0-15) were assessed at Day 15 and 29. Other endpoints included conjunctival staining and blurred vision scores. Safety and tolerability parameters comprised adverse events, ophthalmic examinations and drop comfort assessments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In total 1162 patients were included in the analysis (585 ciclosporin 0.1%; 577 vehicle). Patients age (mean [SD]: 58.3 [15.23] years) and gender distribution (73% females) are consistent with DED epidemiology. Change from baseline (LS mean [SE]) in tCFS significantly improved compared to vehicle, both at Day 15 (ciclosporin: -3.24 [0.112]; vehicle -2.71 [0.113]; Δ= -0.52 [0.144], p=0.0003) and Day 29 (ciclosporin: ‑3.83 [0.115]; vehicle:‑3.30 [0.116]; Δ: ‑0.53 [0.147], p=0.0003). 56.8% and 66.4% of patients responded to ciclosporin 0.1% with a tCFS improvement of ≥ 3 scores on Day 15 and 29, respectively. A consistent effect on tCFS favoring ciclosporin over vehicle was observed in all subgroups. Improvements favoring ciclosporin were seen in cCFS and conjunctival staining in the overall population and in blurred vision score in patients with significant corneal staining. Incidence of ocular adverse events was 13.2% in both treatment groups. Mild instillation site reactions were reported by 7.9% patients in the ciclosporin group. Discontinuation rates were low with 2.6% and 2.1% in ciclosporin and vehicle groups. Ciclosporin 0.1% was rated comfortable upon instillation by 84.7% of patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The pooled analysis confirmed that the water-free ciclosporin 0.1% solution is effective in improving ocular surface staining after 2 weeks of treatment to a clinically relevant extent in more than 50% of patients in the overall population and subgroups. With an early onset and good tolerability, the product has the potential to address an unmet medical need in DED.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinicaltrials: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gov identifier: &lt;/strong&gt; NCT03292809 on 21-July-2017; NCT04523129 on 20-August-2020 KEY MESSAGES: What Was Known: Ciclosporin eye drops are a standard of care in dry eye disease (DED) therapy not controlled by artificial tears. A novel water-free ciclosporin 0.1% ophthalmic solution with improved efficacy has recently been commercialized in the United States and approved in the European Union.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What this paper adds: &lt;/strong&gt;The water-free cyclosporine 0.","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1051-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two strategies estimating surgically induced astigmatism in position prediction of toric IOLs in 2.2 mm cataract surgery.","authors":"Houyi Liu, Maierdanjiang Ainiwaer, Yingying Hong, Yang Sun, Binghe Xiao, Yinghong Ji","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06722-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06722-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the precision of the arithmetic mean of surgically induced astigmatism (M-SIA) and the centroid of surgically induced astigmatism (C-SIA) in estimating SIA when predicting the power and axis of toric IOLs under different circumstances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>120 eyes of 99 patients undergoing toric IOL replacement in a simple cataract surgery were included in the retrospective study. The predicted position of toric IOL was calculated by Z Calc online calculator and Barrett Toric Calculator with M-SIA (0.4D) or C-SIA (0.1D). Position prediction error (PPE, the difference between the predicted position of toric IOL and the ideal position of toric IOL), its absolute value (PPE-Abs) and △PPE (the difference between absolute value of PPE calculated by C-SIA and by M-SIA using the same toric calculator) were used to evaluate the precision in estimate of SIA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical significance in mean PPE and mean PPE-Abs was found in the group M-Barrett. The orientation of corneal astigmatism and eye laterality were influential to mean PPE while gender was not. △PPE was below 0 in both toric calculators. Significant difference in △PPE was seen between groups with different corneal astigmatism when all eyes were OS, as well as between groups with different eye laterality when all eyes were with WTR astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We did not find a significant difference between M-SIA and C-SIA in estimating the SIA of the patients undergoing small-incision cataract surgery combined with toric IOL implantation. M-SIA was not recommended in Barrett Toric Calculator. The orientation of corneal astigmatism and the incision on the cornea should be considered when choosing between M-SIA and C-SIA.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>WHAT IS KNOWN? : Either the arithmetic mean of surgically induced astigmatism (M-SIA) or the centroid of surgically induced astigmatism (C-SIA) of a cohort was used to estimate the position of toric IOLs before the surgery. The size and site of corneal incision could influence the orientation and the magnitude of SIA. WHAT IS NEW? : When calculating the axis of toric IOLs with Barrett Toric Calculator, arithmetic mean of SIA (M-SIA) was not recommended for estimate. The orientation of corneal astigmatism could influence the estimate of SIA. We created several novel variables that could be used to indirectly evaluate the stability of toric IOLs and the prognosis of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1023-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant increase of firework induced eye injuries in Germany and The Netherlands- are we doing enough to protect minors and bystanders?","authors":"Ameli Gabel-Pfisterer, Stefan Johann Lang, Daniel Boehringer, Hansjürgen Agostini, Lotte C de Geus, Jan Tjeerd de Faber","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06677-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06677-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After 2 years of pandemic sales ban, on New Year`s Eve 2022/23 consumer firework articles were officially available again in Germany and the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Netherlands we prospectively and anonymously collected data on patients treated for firework induced eye injuries from 2009 on, in Germany since 2016.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Around New Year ́s Eve 2022/23 the number of patients with firework inflicted eye injuries increased in the Netherlands to 133 and in Germany to 838. In both countries the participation of eye departments was 90%. The incidence of firework induced eye injuries in the Netherlands was 0,8 /100 000 in 2022/23, in Germany 1,0 /100 000 in 2022/23. Comparing age groups of minors with firework induced eye injuries, in the Netherlands, total numbers of children below 12 years was lower than total numbers of adolescents between 12 and 17 years. Yet, in Germany from 2016 on every year, total number of children below 12 years were higher than total number of adolescents. The number of patients who reported on being injured as bystander was between 34% in 2020/21 and 53% in both countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the incidence of firework induced eye injuries in the Netherlands was reduced due to awareness campaigns and regulatory work, the incidence was increasing on the first New Year`s Eve after the pandemic regulations of consumer fireworks in Germany. Especially young children below 12 years need more protection in Germany. In both countries, effective measures of protection need to be implemented for protection of bystanders, whose numbers were low during the first pandemic years.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>What is known: overrepresentation of affected minors below 18 years and a rate of up to 50% of injured bystanders according to our data collection over 15 years in the Netherlands and 7 years in Germany What is new: In 2022/2023, total numbers of patients with fire work induced eye injuries in the Netherlands and Germany increased significantly after 2 years of pandemic regulations with a sales ban of consumer fire work articles In 2022/23, incidence of firework induced eye injuries is 1/100 000 in Germany, 0,8/100 000 in the Netherlands Among affected minors in Germany school children up to 12 years are at higher risk than adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1157-1165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimum perceptual time (MPT). Repeatability and reproducibility of variables applied to \"sports vision\".","authors":"Antonio Ríder-Vázquez, Margarita Vega-Holm, María Carmen Sánchez-González, Estanislao Gutiérrez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06684-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06684-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>\"Minimum Perceptual Time\" (MPT) is the ability to take the most visual information in the least time. The purpose of the study was to assess intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of a MPT measurement method by using COI-SV^® software and to analyze the possible influence of age and sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MPT was measured in 79 participants by using COI-SV^® software. Visual acuity was 20/80 (2.50 m) and numbers were gradually increasing in quantity and decreasing in exposure time. The most quantity of numbers and the least time was written down. To assess intraobserver and interobserver repeatability, a protocol based on repeating the test 4 times (2 intrasession and 2 intersessions with 2 examinators) was established. Comparison of means and Spearman correlation were performed to evaluate the influence of sex and age. It was investigated inter and intraexaminer variability using repeatability indices, as well as Bland-Altman analysis to define limits of agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 79 participants were included (mean age 32.8 ± 11.95 years, range 19-64 years). Regarding sex, there were no significant differences between men and women (p = 0.080), whereas age and MPT had an inverse correlation (p = 0.01). Interexaminer and intraexaminer repeatability proved to be moderate to good in all methods. Bland-Altman showed difference between sessions was 0.259 ± 2.189 (-4.030 and + 4.549) and difference between examiners was - 0.519 ± 2.104 (-4.642 and + 3.604).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MPT measurements with COI-SV^® software evidenced moderate to good repeatability and observers` independent result, so it could be included in optometric examinations.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>WHAT IS KNOWN : Sports optometry is a relatively new field, so research is scarce and of poor quality. The scarcity of literature is practically limited to studies in the field of psychology, although they do not provide us with much information since they have not been studied for the mentioned field. The in-depth study of new standardized measurement methods would be of great help for optometrists in their clinical practice.</p><p><strong>What is new: </strong>This study is the first to determine intraobserver and interobserver repeatability and reproducibility for Minimum Perceptual Time (MPT) measurements acquired by the COI-SV® software, exhibiting ICC > 0.7 and establishing limits of agreement by using Bland-Altman analysis. In a significant way, MPT and age would have an inverse correlation, whereas MPT results would be better in men than women. Our results add evidence towards validating the test included in COI-SV® software so that the optometrist can include it in their clinical protocols in order to obtain more complete information on visual examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}