Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Adverse Events Associated with Devices for Incisional Glaucoma Surgery Performed with Implants as Reported to the FDA MAUDE Database.","authors":"Kaylie Chen, Pooja Pendri, Kyle Kovacs, Sarah H Van Tassel","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06771-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06771-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Incisional glaucoma surgery is indicated in advanced glaucoma or glaucoma refractory to less invasive therapies, and can be performed with implants to lower IOP including glaucoma drainage or filtration devices. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) represents the largest U.S. publicly-available repository of device-related incisional glaucoma surgery complications, enabling insight into complications experienced with incisional glaucoma surgery in real-world practice to develop a risk profile for the use of each device.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MAUDE database was searched between January-2012 and December-2021 for Brand Name: Ahmed ClearPath, Ahmed Glaucoma Valve, Baerveldt, Ex-PRESS, and Molteno. Reports were categorized by complication;when multiple were present, multiple categories were attributed. Reports with identical text and dates were counted as duplicate and excluded. Literature reports comparing multiple devices without clear device specification per complication were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 1538 reports, of which 1379 reports describing 2429 adverse events met inclusion criteria. The most common events for were hypotony/hypotony maculopathy (284), device-iris touch (282), device occlusion (213), elevated IOP (210), and device explanted due to possible exclusion (176). Delivery system failures occurred (166). Patients also experienced flat/shallow anterior chambers (147) and corneal edema/bullous keratopathy/endothelial cell count reduction/corneal decompensation/Descemet's membrane tears (128).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By drawing on the real-world complications collected in the MAUDE database, this study identifies adverse events of greatest clinical pertinence for device-related incisional glaucoma surgery overall and by brand. Understanding the most common adverse events may support surgeons in counseling patients and preparing for device implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1675-1679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating eye care: the promise and future of red light therapy in ophthalmology.","authors":"Fei Xue, Yating Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06800-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06800-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid global rise of myopia, glaucoma, AMD, and dry eye disease, red light therapy (RLT) is quickly emerging as a non-invasive, breakthrough approach with extraordinary potential to transform eye health management. Originally applied for wound healing and pain relief, RLT has shown remarkable, multi-faceted effects in ophthalmology: slowing myopia progression, protecting retinal cells in glaucoma, reducing inflammation in AMD, and relieving symptoms of dry eye disease. However, alongside the surge in research interest, questions regarding optimal dosing, safety, and standardization remain pressing. This review summarizes the latest advances of RLT in eye health, explores its mechanisms of action, analyzes safety concerns in clinical applications, and discusses its synergistic potential with existing treatment methods as well as the integration of RLT with artificial intelligence and wearable technologies. In the future, RLT is expected to play a significant role in the management of chronic ocular diseases, but its long-term effects and safety need careful evaluation, with challenges also remaining in regulatory policies and clinical standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1515-1522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofeedback rehabilitation in patients with binocular inhibition due to macular disease.","authors":"Valeria Silvestri, Paola Piscopo, Simona Turco, Filippo Amore, Stanislao Rizzo, Mark S Mandelcorn, Luminita Tarita-Nistor","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06749-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06749-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate whether patients with binocular reading inhibition due to central vision loss benefit from a new biofeedback (BF) rehabilitation method that aimed at improving fixation stability and at establishing a correspondence between the monocular preferred retinal loci (PRLs) on functioning retina in both eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-three patients with bilateral macular disease and with binocular reading inhibition participated in 10 training sessions consisting of 10-min visual stimulation for each eye to stabilize fixation and relocate the PRL (if needed) using the BF module of the MP-1 microperimeter (Nidek Technologies Srl., Vigonza, PD, Italy). Binocular and monocular reading performance, contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity were evaluated pre and post training. Binocular summation/inhibition was evaluated with binocular ratio (BR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fixation stability improved significantly post training in both eyes. Maximum reading speed during binocular viewing increased from 57 ± 24wpm pre training to 67 ± 24wpm post training. BR increased for all parameters of reading, visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity. Training resulted in a complete reversal of binocular reading inhibition in 30% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For patients with binocular inhibition due to central vision loss, BF training to stabilize fixation and to bring the monocular PRLs into correspondence on functioning retina in both eyes is an efficient rehabilitation method to improve binocular performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1733-1741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with satisfaction with oral sedation during ophthalmic surgeries.","authors":"Konstantina Sampani, Ahsan Hussain, Nayan Sanjiv, Samaneh Davoudi, Sreevardhan Alluri, Hyunjoo J Lee, Steven Ness, Susannah Rowe, Manju L Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06781-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06781-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate patient and surgical characteristics associated with higher patient, surgeon, or anesthesia provider satisfaction with oral sedation in ophthalmic procedures.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a secondary analysis of a prospective, randomized, double-masked, non-inferiority clinical trial measuring patient satisfaction comparing oral versus intravenous (IV) sedation for ophthalmic surgeries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was collected from a validated 6-point satisfaction survey from patients, surgeons, and anesthesia providers. We focused on the oral sedation arm and used multivariate regression analysis to investigate the relationship between satisfaction scores and patients' characteristics, surgery duration, and need for additional anesthesia during the ophthalmic procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 142 patients receiving initial oral triazolam with IV placebo were included in this study. Non-White (p = 0.02) and non-English speaker patients (p = 0.003) had higher satisfaction scores with oral sedation. Shorter surgery duration was associated with higher satisfaction scores for both patients (p = 0.01) and surgeons (p = 0.03) but not for anesthesia providers (p = 0.21). The need for supplemental IV sedation intraoperatively was significantly associated with lower satisfaction scores among patients (p < 0.001), surgeons (p < 0.001), and anesthesia providers (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shorter length of surgery was positively associated with higher patient and surgeon satisfaction with oral sedation. Other factors including non-White race and non-English primary language were associated with higher patient satisfaction. Additional IV sedation needed during surgery was associated with worse patient, surgeon, and anesthesia provider satisfaction. Tailoring oral sedation to procedures that are shorter in duration may help maximize the success of oral sedation as an alternative to intravenous sedation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1565-1572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal assessment of retinal and visual pathway electrophysiology and structure after high altitude exposure.","authors":"Xiaoling Shi, Minglu Li, Xinjuan Zhang, Fengjuan Yuan, Yanqiu Liu, Jianzhong Lin, Ran Zhang, Jia Liu, Xiaochuan Wang, Jiaxing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06729-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06729-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High altitude (HA) exposure induces impairments in visual function. This study was designed to dynamically observe visual function after returning to lowland and elucidate the underlying mechanism by examining the structure and function of retina and visual pathway. Twenty-three subjects were recruited before (Test 1), and one week (Test 2) and three months (Test 3) after their return from HA (4300 m) where they resided for 30 days. The clock task was used to assess visual cognition; and pattern-reversal visual evoked potential (p-VEP) and full-field electroretinogram (ff-ERG) were employed to record electrophysiological responses of retinal cells; optical coherence tomography (OCT), color doppler imaging (CDI) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were used to measure structures of retina and visual pathway. In Test 2 vs. Test 1, there was increased reaction time during angle task; the amplitudes of scotopic 3.0 cd·s/m² and scotopic 10.0 cd·s/m² ERG a-wave and scotopic 3.0 cd·s/m² oscillatory potential in the right eye were significantly decreased, all of which were negatively correlated with the increased reaction time during the angle task. In Test 3 vs. Test 1, there were decreased amplitude of scotopic 10.0 cd·s/m² a-wave in the right eye and increased velocity of ophthalmic artery and ocular perfusion pressure in bilateral eyes. The VEP and visual pathway structures remained normal throughout the entire test. HA exposure caused damage to rod and cone responses in both outer and inner retina. After returning to sea level, the damaged visual cell functions gradually recovered over time, coinciding with an increase in the ocular perfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1573-1583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of first-line and second-line selective laser trabeculoplasty on corneal hysteresis in patients with normal tension glaucoma: a multicenter study.","authors":"Keigo Takagi, Koji Nitta, Maki Katai, Masaki Tanito","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06735-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06735-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1743-1745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of prognostic factors in acute retinal necrosis using ultrawide-field fundus imaging.","authors":"Hyun Jee Kim, Tae Gyu Moon, Kyung Chul Yoon, Yong-Sok Ji","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06789-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06789-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for retinal detachment (RD) and final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in acute retinal necrosis (ARN) patients using ultrawide-field (UWF) fundus imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 29 eyes of 25 patients diagnosed with ARN. Clinical data, including symptom duration before presentation, initial and final BCVA, anterior chamber (AC) cell grade, and vitreous opacity grade, were collected. Based on the UWF fundus imaging, the presence of arterial obliteration and the extent of retinal necrosis were analyzed to identify risk factors for RD by categorizing patients into the RD and no RD groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean final BCVA was 0.72 ± 0.77 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), and RD occurred in 20 eyes (70.0%). Final BCVA showed a significant difference between the RD and no RD groups. AC cell grade was significantly associated with both RD development and final BCVA (p = 0.035, p = 0.015, respectively). Arterial obliteration, fan-shaped necrotic lesions, and greater clock hours of retinitis were significantly related to RD development (p = 0.016, p = 0.001, p = 0.018, respectively). The retinitis zone was significantly correlated with final BCVA (p = 0.007). Additionally, BCVA before and at RD diagnosis showed a significant association with final BCVA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UWF imaging is useful for the prognosis prediction in ARN patients. Identifying characteristic UWF findings, such as arterial obliteration and extent of necrosis, can aid in predicting RD risk and visual outcomes, improving clinical management of ARN.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>WHAT IS KNOWN : Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a rapidly progressing inflammatory condition characterized by necrotizing retinitis and vasculitis. Retinal detachment (RD) is a common late complication of ARN, often leading to poor visual prognosis.</p><p><strong>What is new: </strong>Ultrawide-field (UWF) imaging is useful for the prognosis prediction of ARN. UWF image analysis identified arterial obliteration, fan-shaped necrotic lesions, and an increased number of clock hours affected by retinitis as significant risk factors for the development of RD in ARN. Additionally, the zone of necrotic retinitis was strongly associated with the final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in ARN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1533-1541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for intraocular pressure elevation in eyes with intraocular lens subluxation or dislocation.","authors":"Kentaro Iwasaki, Shogo Arimura, Marie Suzuki, Yoshihiro Takamura, Masaru Inatani","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06774-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06774-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the risk factors for intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in eyes with intraocular lens (IOL) subluxation or dislocation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively examined the eyes with IOL displacement (either IOL subluxation or IOL dislocation) who underwent IOL refixation combined with vitrectomy between September 1, 2012, and May 31, 2024, at Fukui University Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: those with IOL subluxation and those with IOL dislocation. Additionally, subgroups were created for eyes without glaucoma and those without both glaucoma and exfoliation syndrome. IOL subluxation was defined as the movement of the IOL-capsular bag complex in the posterior chamber, while IOL dislocation was defined as a fall of the IOL-capsular bag complex into the vitreous space. Risk factors for preoperative IOP elevation in eyes with IOL displacement were identified using multivariate analysis with a multiple linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 155 eyes with IOL displacement (IOL subluxation; 73 eyes and IOL dislocation; 82 eyes). Multivariate analyses revealed that IOL subluxation and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly associated with a higher preoperative IOP (P < 0.01). The preoperative IOP and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly higher in the IOL subluxation group than in the IOL dislocation group (22.7 ± 9.0 vs. 15.5 ± 3.9 mmHg, P < 0.01, and 1.2 ± 1.7 vs. 0.2 ± 0.8, P < 0.01, respectively). The number of patients with exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma was significantly higher in the IOL subluxation group than in the IOL dislocation group (49% vs. 10%, P < 0.01, and 25% vs. 7%, P < 0.01, respectively). In the subgroup analysis in eyes without glaucoma (131 eyes), IOL subluxation and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly associated with a higher preoperative IOP (P < 0.01). In this subgroup, the preoperative IOP and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly higher in the IOL subluxation group than in the IOL dislocation group (20.6 ± 8.5 vs. 15.5 ± 3.9 mmHg, P < 0.01, and 0.4 ± 1.0 vs. 0.04 ± 0.3, P < 0.01, respectively), and the incidence of exfoliation syndrome was significantly higher in the IOL subluxation group than in the IOL dislocation group (40% vs. 8%, P < 0.01). In another subgroup analysis in eyes without glaucoma and exfoliation syndrome (103 eyes), IOL subluxation and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly associated with a higher preoperative IOP (P < 0.01). In this subgroup, the preoperative IOP and the number of glaucoma medications were significantly higher in the IOL subluxation group than in the IOL dislocation group (19.3 ± 7.3 vs. 15.7 ± 4.0 mmHg, P = 0.049, and 0.3 ± 0.9 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0, P < 0.01, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IOL subluxation, but not dislocation, is a risk factor for elevated IOP in eyes with IOL displa","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1659-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of iridian anterior segment OCT and microbiological features in Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome and Posner-Schlossman Syndrome.","authors":"Patricia Escribano López, Juan Jacobo González Guijarro","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06714-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-024-06714-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare iridian Swept-Source Anterior Segment OCT (SS-AS-OCT) and microbiological features in Aqueous Humor (AH) in patients with Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome (FUS) and Posner-Schlossman Syndrome (PSS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comparative, retrospective-prospective single center study examining 131 eyes from 66 patients, including 33 eyes with PSS, 37 eyes with FUS, and 61 healthy eyes. AH samples were collected from affected eyes in all patients. Cross-sectional 6 mm SS-AS-OCT B-scans were taken from iris quadrants and analyzed for Stromal Thickness (ST), Smooth Index (SI), and Optical Density (OD) with ImageJ®. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS®.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 32 PSS patients, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in 21 (65.5%). Of 34 FUS patients, 22 (64.7%) tested positive for Rubella Virus (RV) and one for CMV (2,9%). FUS eyes showed decreased ST compared to PSS ones in the superior (328.2 ± 49.4 vs 352.2 ± 47.4; p = 0.010) and temporal (322.6 ± 54.4 vs 294.3 ± 47.9; p = 0.024) quadrants. FUS eyes had a higher mean SI (p = 0.021), notably in the temporal quadrant (p = 0.002). Both FUS and PSS eyes showed significant differences in all parameters compared to healthy eyes, except for ST and OD in the temporal quadrant in PSS, and OD in the nasal quadrant in FUS. Quantitative analysis of iris OCT images showed that RV-related and non-RV-related FUS eyes were similar, as were CMV-associated and non-CMV-associated PSS eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMV and RV were found to be the main etiologies of PSS and FUS respectively. Quantitative analysis of iris OCT images has proved to be an objective method to differentiate between these two syndromes.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>What is known The etiopathogenesis of Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome (FUS) and Posner-Schlossman Syndrome (PSS) remains under discussion. Viral etiology is the most widely accepted theory: Rubella virus (RV) has been associated mostly with FUS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) with PSS. Although FUS and PSS are distinct conditions, their differential diagnosis can be challenging at times due to clinical similarities, particularly iris damage. What is new The quantitative analysis of iris images from Swept Source Anterior Segment OCT is an objective, reliable, and non-invasive method that allows differentiation between FUS and PSS. In this study, RV in FUS and CMV in PSS have been detected in almost 2/3 of patients. This is the first study to perform a comparative analysis of aqueous humor results between PSS and FUS along with the examination of iris images using SS-AS-OCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1681-1691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery and retinal vascularization by optical coherence tomography angiography: are eyes the window to the heart?","authors":"Gustavo Sakuno, David Sarraf, SriniVas R Sadda, Rony C Preti, Breno P M Oliveira, Francisco Max Damico","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06769-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00417-025-06769-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and its assessment still relies on invasive diagnostic procedures requiring contrast, such as coronary angiography (CAG) or computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The retinal vasculature is the only microvascular site in the human body that can be assessed non-invasively, and it has been described as a promising method for predicting cardiovascular risk since the classification of hypertensive retinopathy in the 19th century. Unfortunately, most classifications still rely on qualitative findings, which exhibit high rates of interobserver and intraobserver variability. With advances in ophthalmology exams, particularly the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), the capability of quantitatively assessing retinal vasculature can enable a more reliable non-invasive exam that could aid in estimating cardiovascular risk and assessing coronary lesions. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of the available evidence establishing the correlation of retinal and choroidal microvascular damage observed in OCTA and parameters such as coronary stenosis grade, number of affected vessels and scores like Gensini and SYNTAX evaluated via CAG or CCTA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Review of the literature published until December 2024 on PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS and EMBASE by searching \"optical coherence tomography angiography\" or \"OCTA\" AND \"Coronary artery disease\" or \"Coronary heart disease\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings from sixteen studies suggest a potential correlation between vascular parameters in OCTA and results from coronary exams. Reductions in vessel density analysis of the retinal plexus, especially the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), could improve patient selection and diagnostic yield for more invasive diagnostic procedures, such as CAG and CCTA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCTA is a non-invasive technology that can provide visualization and quantification of retinal microvascular disfunction that may correlate with macrovascular disease, particularly in the coronary circulation. Longitudinal assessment of quantitative OCTA parameters may provide biomarkers for monitoring CAD patients over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1503-1513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}