Growth factorsPub Date : 2021-02-01Epub Date: 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.1994964
Andrea Marlene García Muro, Azaria García Ruvalcaba, Lourdes Del Carmen Rizo de la Torre, Josefina Yoaly Sánchez López
{"title":"Role of the BMP6 protein in breast cancer and other types of cancer.","authors":"Andrea Marlene García Muro, Azaria García Ruvalcaba, Lourdes Del Carmen Rizo de la Torre, Josefina Yoaly Sánchez López","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.1994964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.1994964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The BMP6 protein (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6) is part of the superfamily of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) ligands, participates in iron homeostasis, inhibits invasion by increasing adhesions and cell-cell type interactions and induces angiogenesis directly on vascular endothelial cells. BMP6 is coded by a tumor suppressor gene whose subexpression is related to the development and cancer progression; during neoplastic processes, methylation is the main mechanism by which gene silencing occurs. This work presents a review on the role of BMP6 protein in breast cancer (BC) and other types of cancer. The studies carried out to date suggest the participation of the BMP6 protein in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, cell growth and proliferation; however, these processes are affected in a variable way in the different types of cancer, the methylated CpG sites in <i>BMP6</i> gene promoter, as well as the interaction with other proteins could be the cause of such variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39566401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vasomotor tone-associated factors and pregnancy outcomes of women who undergo <i>in vitro</i> fertilization.","authors":"Yonglian Lan, Xiaokui Yang, Yu Liang, Lingling Lei, Ying Li, Shuyu Wang","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.2021899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.2021899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vasomotor tone-associated factors play important roles in normal pregnancy, but their roles in the pregnancy outcome of women who undergo <i>in vitro</i> fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) remain unclear. A total of 82 infertile women who underwent successful IVF-ET were enrolled, including 18 pregnancy losses, 11 complications, and 53 normal deliveries. The serum NO and iNOS levels were significantly higher in the pregnancy loss group and significantly lower in the complication group than in the normal delivery group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significantly increased ET-1 and decreased PGI2 were found in both the pregnancy loss and complication groups compared with those in the normal delivery group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). NO, iNOS, and ET-1 are risk factors and PGI2 is a protective factor for pregnancy loss. ET-1 + PGI2 (AUC, 0.897; sensitivity, 90.6%; specificity, 83.3%) showed a relatively good predictive value for pregnancy loss following IVF-ET.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39635181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growth factorsPub Date : 2021-02-01Epub Date: 2021-12-09DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.2012468
Jessica Weant, David D Eveleth, Amuthakannan Subramaniam, Jennifer Jenkins-Eveleth, Michael Blaber, Ling Li, David M Ornitz, Asaf Alimardanov, Trevor Broadt, Hui Dong, Vinay Vyas, Xiaoyi Yang, Ralph A Bradshaw
{"title":"Regenerative responses of rabbit corneal endothelial cells to stimulation by fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) derivatives, TTHX1001 and TTHX1114.","authors":"Jessica Weant, David D Eveleth, Amuthakannan Subramaniam, Jennifer Jenkins-Eveleth, Michael Blaber, Ling Li, David M Ornitz, Asaf Alimardanov, Trevor Broadt, Hui Dong, Vinay Vyas, Xiaoyi Yang, Ralph A Bradshaw","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.2012468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.2012468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Utilising rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CEC) in three different paradigms, two human FGF1 derivatives (TTHX1001 and TTHX1114), engineered to exhibit greater stability, were tested as proliferative agents. Primary CECs and mouse NIH 3T3 cells treated with the two FGF1 derivatives showed equivalent EC<sub>50</sub> ranges (3.3-24 vs.1.9-16. ng/mL) and, in organ culture, chemically lesioned corneas regained half of the lost endothelial layer in three days after treatment with the FGF1 derivatives as compared to controls. <i>In vivo</i>, following cryolesioning, the CEC monolayer, as judged by specular microscopy, regenerated 10-11 days faster when treated with TTHX1001. Over two weeks, all treated eyes showed clearing of opacity about twice that of untreated controls. In all three rabbit models, both FGF1 derivatives were effective in inducing CEC proliferation over control conditions, supporting the prediction that these stabilised FGF1 derivatives can potentially regenerate corneal endothelial deficits in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39704586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growth factorsPub Date : 2021-02-01Epub Date: 2022-02-08DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2032689
Hamid Alizadeh
{"title":"Myokine-mediated exercise effects: the role of myokine meteorin-like hormone (Metrnl).","authors":"Hamid Alizadeh","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2022.2032689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2022.2032689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meterorin-like hormone (Metrnl), as a novel secreted factor, has been shown to be involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes. The behaviour of Metrnl in metabolic conditions like type 2 diabetes is conflicting. Metrnl-mediated (treatment with Metrnl) auto/paracrine actions in skeletal muscle are glucose uptake, fat oxidation and muscle regeneration. Exercise-induced Metrnl actions are increased fat oxidation in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, the control of inflammation in adipose tissue (metainflammation), and the regulation of muscle regeneration. Based on the current knowledge, Metrnl as a myokine can establish the muscle-fat crosstalk; however, the ability of Metrnl as a myokine to create other crosstalks remains unclear yet. Additionally, given the considerable anti-inflammatory roles of Metrnl in muscle regeneration, it could be a potential therapeutic candidate for muscle-related inflammatory diseases and ageing skeletal muscle which need to be addressed in the future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39775959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of active human FGF21 using tobacco mosaic virus-based transient expression system.","authors":"Jieying Fan, Yunpeng Wang, Shuang Huang, Shaochen Xing, Zhengyi Wei","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2022.2038148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2022.2038148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family has a wide range of metabolic processes. FGF21 exerts critical physiological functions in clinical application. This study aimed to explore a convenient and highly efficient approach for rhFGF21 expression using TMV-TES. Firstly, the vector pTTEV-GFP was constructed, followed by optimisation of the expression parameters in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Then, the rhFGF21 encoding gene harbouring vector pTTEV-rhFGF21 was constructed. <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated vacuum infiltration was performed with the optimised parameters and the expression of rhFGF21 was confirmed by the immunoblotting analysis. ELISA revealed that the protein accumulation of rhFGF21 accounts for 0.11% of total soluble proteins. The biological activity was evaluated and the results suggested that tobacco-expressed rhFGF21 could stimulate the glucose uptake in swiss 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was similar to the activity of commercial products, suggesting its native biological activity. Therefore, using TMV-TES to express rhFGF21 will be a feasible approach for the mass production of rhFGF21.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39802790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autologous conditioned serum for degenerative diseases and prospects.","authors":"Seyed Kazem Shakouri, Sanam Dolati, Jessica Santhakumar, Avnesh S Thakor, Reza Yarani","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.2012467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.2012467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is a blood-derived product that is prepared by the incubation of whole blood with medical-grade glass beads, resulting in serum enrichment in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13), and high concentrations of growth factors. ACS has shown qualitatively and quantitatively better therapeutic effects than most established pharmacological treatments and surgery for joint diseases given its ability to both target the inflammatory cascade to decrease cartilage destruction as well as improve endogenous repair mechanisms. ACS application is simple and safe with limited adverse effects. This article reviews the role of ACS in degenerative joint disease, in addition to other inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, given its regenerative and immune-modulating properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39710544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of autologous growth factors on apoptosis and thickness of the outer nuclear layer in an experimental retinal degeneration model.","authors":"Emin Ozmert, Sibel Demirel, Umut Arslan, Özlem Biçer, Ozan Ahlat, Figen Şermet","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.1948842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.1948842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells are a microenvironment where 90 different peptides are synthesized for transduction, visual cycle, intracellular electron transport chain, and removal of metabolic wastes. Depending on the inheritance pattern, either mutant proteins accumulate inside the cells or the energy cycle is disrupted. Disruption of homeostasis causes the cells to switch to the dormant phase; if the improper conditions last longer, then apoptosis eventually develops resulting in a loss of visual function. In neural tissues, growth factors such as neural growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and insulin-like growth factor are regulatory peptides for intracellular energy cycle and intracellular digestion. In this study, it has been shown histopathologically that autologous growth factors can prevent apoptosis and prevent loss of outer retinal thickness in the retinal degeneration model created with sodium iodate.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08977194.2021.1948842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39163472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of fasting on body composition and proteolysis gene expression in skeletal muscles and liver of BEH+/+ and BEL mice.","authors":"Edgaras Lapinskas, Raulas Krusnauskas, Agne Cekanauskaite, Aivaras Ratkevicius","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.1960831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.1960831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fasting improves health, but can cause muscle weakness. We assessed body composition in 21-week old males of Berlin high (BEH+/+) and Berlin low (BEL) strains after two bouts of 48-h or 40-h of fasting with 5-day refeeding in between, respectively. BEH+/+ mice tended to loose less weight than BEL in bout 1 and 2 (16.0 ± 2.7 versus 23.5 ± 2.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.001 and 17.1 ± 3.4 versus 20.4 ± 3.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.17, respectively). In spite of greater serum IGF-1 and body fat levels, BEH+/+ mice showed more severe muscle atrophy, but less marked liver wasting and fat depletion than BEL mice. BEH+/+ mice also showed smaller increases in expression of <i>p62</i>, <i>Atrogin-1,</i> and <i>Mstn</i> genes in skeletal muscles. In summary, BEL mice show resistance to fasting-induced muscle wasting in spite of low serum IGF-1 levels and high expression of genes associated with muscle atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08977194.2021.1960831","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39281613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growth factorsPub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2021-08-13DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.1963721
Sheldon R Gordon, Darryl R Reaume, Thomas R Perkins
{"title":"Insulin and IGF-2 support rat corneal endothelial cell growth and wound repair in the organ cultured tissue.","authors":"Sheldon R Gordon, Darryl R Reaume, Thomas R Perkins","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.1963721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.1963721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of insulin and IGF-2 to support wound repair in the organ-cultured rat corneal endothelium was investigated. Corneas given a circular transcorneal freeze injury, were explanted into organ cultures containing either insulin or IGF-2 and cultured up to72 h. Both factors increased [<sup>3</sup>H]-thymidine incorporation and mitotic levels compared to controls. Insulin's ability to mediate wound closure without serum was dependent on its continuous presence in the medium. PKC was also investigated in endothelial repair using the PKC promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Concentrations between 10<sup>-6</sup> and 10<sup>-8</sup> M, PMA failed to accelerate wound closure. When injured endothelia were cultured in the presence of insulin and the PKC inhibitor H-7, wound closure was also unaffected. These results indicate that insulin and IGF-2 stimulate cell growth in injured rat corneal endothelium and that insulin without the benefit of serum promotes wound closure <i>in situ</i> independent of the PKC pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39307697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"miRNA-26-5p inhibits cyclosporine A-induced overgrowth of gingival fibroblasts by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.","authors":"Qiyong Hu, Nadan Guo, Yuting Zhao, Yi Chen, Peng Zhang, Wei Shen, Ziya Gu","doi":"10.1080/08977194.2021.1967343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08977194.2021.1967343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) administration on the level of miR-26-5p in rat gingival tissues and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) by qRT-PCR assay. Further, we conducted Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis to assess the expressions of PTEN, PI3K, and p-AKT, and evaluated cell proliferation of HGFs by MTT assay. CsA treatment significantly downregulated the expressions of miR-26-5p and PTEN and upregulated the expressions of PI3K and p-AKT in both rat gingival tissues and HGFs. Overexpression of miR-26-5p inhibited CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs, whereas knockdown of miR-26-5p promoted the overgrowth. PTEN knockdown not only promoted CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs but also reversed the repressive effects of miR-26-5p on CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs. Our results revealed that miRNA-26-5p could repress CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":12782,"journal":{"name":"Growth factors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39339036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}