Grass and Forage Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Chemical Additives on Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability and on Preference and Short-Term Intake by Goats","authors":"Dave Brüning,&nbsp;Katrin Gerlach,&nbsp;Kirsten Weiß,&nbsp;Karl-Heinz Südekum","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12730","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study determined the effects of a mixture of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (SBPS; 2 L/t fresh matter (FM)) and a formic acid-based mixture (FASF; 3 L/t FM) on maize silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and short-term feed intake by goats. Whole-crop maize harvested at 280 g/kg dry matter (DM) was untreated (CON) or treated with SBPS or FASF and ensiled in 120-L plastic silos for up to 356 days. At opening, FASF had the highest DM losses (7.4%) and ethanol concentrations (36.6 g/kg DM), whereas CON had the highest and SBPS the lowest contents of ethyl lactate (399 vs. 199 mg/kg DM) and ethyl acetate (499 vs. 59 mg/kg DM). After silo opening, silages were exposed to air for 6 days. Aerobic stability was 34 h longer in SBPS (152 h) than FASF (118 h) and substantially longer than in CON (65 h). The onset of aerobic deterioration was earlier in CON, evidenced by a strong increase in silage temperature (&gt; 30°C) and pH &gt; 5. When the silages were exposed to air for 6 days, preference expressed as DM intake/3 h was lowest in CON (223 g), followed by FASF (423 g) and SBPS (692 g). The decline in CON was caused by deteriorating sensory properties. The application of the SBPS mixture to maize harvested at lower DM concentrations than usual (&lt; 30%) prevented undesirable DM losses. The addition suppressed yeasts and degradation processes and improved aerobic stability for up to 6 days. The SBPS-treated silages remained palatable even after aerobic exposure and were more preferred.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grassland Yield Gaps and Their Impact on the Contribution to Food Security of Walloon Dairy Farms","authors":"Caroline Battheu-Noirfalise,&nbsp;Benoit Wyzen,&nbsp;Yves Beckers,&nbsp;Eric Froidmont,&nbsp;Didier Stilmant,&nbsp;Alexandre Mertens","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current livestock systems are often criticised for their competition with food and land, but they are rarely compared to optimised livestock systems in this matter. The net productivity indicator offers insights into potential improvements. We calibrated a process-based grass growth model (LINGRA-N-Plus) for Walloon grasslands and coupled its output with an animal production model to estimate the potential net productivity achievable on commercial dairy farms in two grassland regions of Wallonia. Three mowing regimes (4C, 5C, and G), three nitrogen (N) fertilisation rates (90N, 225N, and 360N), and two energy corrections (sugar beet pulp or wheat) were tested for the years 2016–2020. Our results showed that potential net productivity ranged from 49% (4C.4C and 90N, grass-only) to 166% (5C.G and 360N, grass + sugar beet pulp) of the current farm sample productivity (267 ± 64 kg HDP ha⁻¹). Notably, similar performance (108% for 5C.G at 225N with sugar beet pulp) could be achieved by commercial farms with lower fertilisation rates than they currently use (285 ± 93 kg N), indicating room for improvement in N use. The variability in potential net productivity was mainly driven by mowing regime and fertilisation rate rather than soil and climate, emphasising management improvements. This suggests the possibility of setting regional net productivity targets. The developed model can guide discussions with farmers on enhancing their contribution to food security.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Plant Species Traits That Shape Canopy Light Interception and Agronomic Performance of Perennial Forage Grasses Cultivated in Monoculture and Association","authors":"Alex Marciano dos Santos Silva,&nbsp;Sila Carneiro da Silva,&nbsp;Emanoella Karol Saraiva Otaviano,&nbsp;Caio Macret Gomes,&nbsp;Alexandre Fameli Mammana,&nbsp;Larissa Fernanda Garcia Carvalho,&nbsp;André Fischer Sbrissia,&nbsp;Ela Frak,&nbsp;Gaëtan Louarn","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12716","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Functional traits of plants control a series of agronomic and ecological responses that are related to plant productivity. The botanical proportion and productive performance of forage grass species associations are underpinned by shifts in plant traits and associated resource (especially light) partitioning. However, most studies involving associations of forage species are to pastures in temperate climates. Studies in tropical conditions and environments are practically nonexistent. Therefore, in an experimental study, three perennial tropical forage grass species, <i>Andropogon gayanus</i> cv. Planaltina (andropogon grass), <i>Panicum maximum</i> cv. Massai (massai grass) and <i>Brachiaria brizantha</i> cv. BRS Piatã (piata grass), were cultivated in monoculture and in association (the three species in equal proportions based on the number of viable seeds). Among the monocultures, piata grass presented the greatest herbage mass, but in the association, massai grass did. The performance of the association was mainly shaped by competition for light, with massai grass present in greater proportion and showing greater productive performance than the remaining grass species. Foliage angle, leaf elongation rate per tiller, number of leaves per tiller and canopy leaf area index are functional traits that shape the dynamics of the competition for light, botanical proportion and productive performance of grass species in the association. This study provides new insights into the functional traits that control the agronomic and ecological responses that shape competition for light in a tropical perennial grass mixture and that should be considered when selecting grass species for new associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Perennial Ryegrass/Kentucky Bluegrass Mixture to Mulching Mower Under Different Nitrogen Fertilisation Levels","authors":"Alberto Novello,&nbsp;Cristina Pornaro,&nbsp;Gerald M. Henry,&nbsp;Stefano Macolino","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mowing is a fundamental turfgrass management practice where grass clippings are either removed or returned to the canopy. The process of clipping return is referred to as mulching, which can create several advantages for low-maintenance/sustainable turfgrass systems. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of mulching on a perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (<i>Poa pratensis</i> L.) turfgrass mixture under four different nitrogen fertility rates (0, 80, 120, and 200 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). Turfgrass quality and colour, as well as NDVI and percent green turfgrass cover, were evaluated bi-weekly. Turfgrass canopy height was measured before and after mowing in order to determine clipping dry matter (DM) production and clipping nitrogen (N) content. Mulching had a positive effect on turfgrass visual quality and colour, NDVI, and percent green turfgrass cover. The impact of mulching was more noticeable during reduced growth periods (summer and winter). The largest differences occurred in July 2023, when turfgrass visual quality for mulching and non-mulching was 7 and 4.5, respectively. In January 2023, turfgrass colour, NDVI, and percent turfgrass cover was 7.1 and 6.1, 0.8 and 0.72, and 60% and 50% for mulching and non-mulching, respectively. The N content observed within turfgrass clippings from mulched plots was enhanced by the increase of N fertilisation rates. The difference between mulched and non-mulched plots receiving 200 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ was 2.5 kg N m⁻², while the difference between non-fertilised mulched and non-mulched plots was 2.2 kg N m⁻². Mulching helps maintain turfgrass quality year-round, especially in winter, with greater benefits under low nitrogen input. It supports reduced fertilisation without affecting performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perennial Grass-Legume Integration: A Sustainable Approach to Fodder Production","authors":"Neetu Sharma,&nbsp;Faraaz Farooq,&nbsp;Hritik Srivastava,&nbsp;Himanshu Saini,&nbsp;Deepak Nanda,&nbsp;Swati Mehta,&nbsp;Joy Samuel MeCarty,&nbsp;Meenakshi Attri,&nbsp;Naveen Kumar","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12727","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges, opportunities, and current status of fodder production in India. A comprehensive review of literature and reports from government and non-government organisations has been conducted to assess fodder availability and sustainability strategies. Livestock farming is a critical component of India's rural economy, contributing 6% to GDP and 25% to agricultural GDP. However, a severe shortage of quality fodder, particularly during lean periods typically the summer (April–June) and late winter (December–January) months when forage growth is minimal due to low rainfall and harsh climatic conditions, persists due to a 63.5% green fodder deficit and declining pasturelands. Perennial forage grasses such as <i>Pennisetum glaucum × Pennisetum purpureum</i> (Napier Bajra Hybrid), <i>Panicum maximum</i> (Guinea Grass), <i>Brachiaria mutica</i> (Para Grass), and <i>Cenchrus ciliaris</i> (Buffel Grass) offer a viable solution by providing high biomass yield, superior nutritional value, and adaptability across diverse agro-climatic zones. Their deep-rooted systems enhance soil health, prevent erosion, and improve water retention, contributing to long-term agricultural sustainability. Integrating legumes like <i>Desmanthus virgatus</i> (Stylo), <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> (Subabul), <i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> (Berseem), <i>Medicago sativa</i> (Lucerne), and <i>Sesbania</i> spp. (Sesbania) with perennial grasses further boosts forage yield, crude protein content, and digestibility whilst maintaining soil fertility. Silvo-pastoral systems enhance forage availability by improving soil moisture and organic carbon levels. Despite these advantages, adoption remains constrained by owing to limited awareness, inadequate seed availability, and suboptimal agronomic practises. Strengthening research, extension services and financial incentives is essential for integrating perennial fodder systems in livestock farming. A strategic approach focused on perennial grass-legume combinations can ensure year-round fodder availability, reduce dependency on costly concentrates, and enhance livestock productivity. Sustainable fodder production will not only improve farmers economic returns but also strengthen India's dairy and meat sectors, ensuring greater resilience in livestock farming.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Seven Commonly Used Dairy Roughages With Relatively High and Low Nutritive Values","authors":"Z. Li,&nbsp;G. Zhao,&nbsp;S. Talukder,&nbsp;F. Dunshea,&nbsp;S. Chauhan,&nbsp;R. Jhajj,&nbsp;L. Cheng","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Roughage constitutes a fundamental component of dairy cow diets; it promotes rumen health and supports optimal animal productivity. This study applied an ANKOM gas production system to assess the in vitro fermentation characteristics of seven widely used dairy roughages (barley hay, corn silage, lucerne hay, oaten hay, ryegrass hay, timothy hay and wheaten hay) classified into relatively high and low nutritive value groups. Roughage samples representing high and low nutritive values were selected based on the upper and lower quartiles of the feed quality database. The results showed that high-nutritive value oaten hay exhibited higher dry matter (DM) digestibility (0.50 vs. 0.24–0.43 g/g DM, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), total gas production (87.5 vs. 15.3–81.0 mL/g DM) and total volatile fatty acid (63.2 vs. 39.3–62.5 mM) than other roughages. High-nutritive value barley hay and oaten hay both exhibited higher methane production (7.58 and 7.77 mL/g DM, respectively) compared to other roughages (0.44–4.76 mL/g DM). Similarly, high-nutritive value barley hay (40.23 mg/100 mL) and lucerne hay (40.76 mg/100 mL) exhibited higher ammonia nitrogen (12.16–31.99 mg/mL) than other roughages. High-nutritive value oaten and barley hay promoted superior fermentation performance but also led to greater methane emissions, while barley and lucerne hay increased nitrogen release. These results underscore the need to balance productivity with environmental impacts when selecting roughages for dairy systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Seed Maturation on the Morphology, Nutrition, Microbiome Composition and Germinability of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum) Seeds","authors":"Sunzid Ahmed,&nbsp;Pankaj Singh,&nbsp;Jen Middleton,&nbsp;David Merritt,&nbsp;Sasha Jenkins,&nbsp;Phillip Nichols","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The annual pasture legume subterranean clover (<i>Trifolium subterraneum</i> L.; sub clover) plays a crucial role in the agricultural systems of southern Australia and other regions with Mediterranean climates by enhancing pasture quality, nitrogen fixation and biodiversity, contributing to sustainable farming. Sub clover, uniquely characterised by its below-ground seed development in burrs, has been insufficiently studied regarding the effects of seed maturation on key physiological factors, despite its agricultural significance. This study aimed to explore the effects of seed maturation on morphology, nutrition, microbiome community composition, and germinability in sub clover seeds. Three cultivars, one each from the three sub clover subspecies, were grown in a paddock using a randomised block design. Seed-bearing burrs were collected at defined developmental and maturity stages, as determined by microscopic analysis and measurements of seed fresh weight and length. Seed nutritional composition was assessed using a macro elemental analyser. Seed microbiome community composition was characterised by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal ITS2 region. Seed germinability was evaluated based on radicle emergence and length following 14 days of incubation. Across all cultivars, seed maturation was characterised by progressive increases in seed length and weight, accompanied by dynamic changes in nutrient composition. While some nutrients showed consistent declines, others exhibited increasing trends as seeds matured. The seed microbiome community compositions were influenced by both developmental stage and cultivar type. Seed germinability decreased from 37 to 43 days post-anthesis, as hardseededness increased. This study provides insights into the dynamic interplay of morphological traits, nutritional composition, microbial community composition, and germinability during the maturation of sub clover seeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Protein Utilisation in Legume Silage and Hay for Ruminants","authors":"Angela Y. Leon-Tinoco,&nbsp;Miriam Garcia,&nbsp;Christina Stonoha-Arther,&nbsp;Andre F. Brito,&nbsp;Juan J. Romero","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12729","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forage legumes are a vital source of sustainable, cost-effective protein sources for ruminants, but maintaining their protein quality is challenging. Preserved legumes with high protease activity and no anti-proteolytic mechanisms, like alfalfa, are prone to protein degradation, reducing nitrogen utilisation efficiency. Proteolysis by plant proteases begins post-mowing and decreases as forage dry matter increases during wilting. Optimal ensiling at 35%–55% DM minimises secondary fermentation and protein degradation. In legume hay production, extensive crude protein losses occur due to leaf shattering if the forage is baled above 85% DM. At below 80%–84% DM, aerobic spoilage decreases hay digestible crude protein. Effective legume hay preservatives include organic acids with or without buffering. For legume silage, homofermentative lactic acid bacteria and organic acids effectively decrease losses due to undesirable plant activity and secondary fermentation. High protein degradation during ensiling reduces nitrogen utilisation efficiency, leading to nitrogen pollution and adverse effects on reproductive performance and health from excess rumen-degradable protein and biogenic amine production. Legume forages significantly impact animal production profitability, but the degree to which they do so is dependent on the quality of preserved protein. Proper harvesting and storage protocols are crucial for hay and silage production, with preservatives complementing efforts to preserve standing forage protein quality effectively.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Nitrogen Deposition Promotes Recruitment of Beneficial Rhizosphere Microbes to Help Grass Species Dominate Plant Community of Alpine Meadow on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Xianqi Zhou,&nbsp;Shikui Dong,&nbsp;Yaoming Li,&nbsp;Wenli Ding,&nbsp;Hao Shen,&nbsp;Yunpeng Gai,&nbsp;Hui Zuo,&nbsp;Ran Zhang,&nbsp;Hang Shi,&nbsp;Fengcai He,&nbsp;Yuhao Zhang,&nbsp;Mingjie Ran,&nbsp;Anna Du","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12726","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Leymus secalinus</i> has increasingly dominated the plant community of the alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) under increasing nitrogen (N) deposition, while the rhizosphere microbial mechanisms driving this shift remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate how N deposition alters rhizosphere microbial communities of <i>L. secalinus</i> and how these changes underpin its competitive advantage, thereby advancing understanding of plant-microbe interactions in nitrogen-enriched alpine ecosystems. We conducted a field experiment with simulated N deposition gradients (0, 8, 40, 72 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) and employed high-throughput sequencing to analyse microbial community composition and functional potential in both rhizosphere and bulk soils of <i>L. secalinus</i>. Root morphological and physiological traits were also measured to assess plant responses. The results indicated that increasing N deposition facilitated the apparent recruitment of bacteria associated with nutrient absorption enhancement including <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Bacillus</i>, and fungi linked to plant growth promotion and disease suppression such as <i>Mortierella</i>, resulting in positive changes in the root traits of <i>L. secalinus</i>. The selective recruitment shifted the overall functionality of the rhizosphere microbes towards plant growth promoting (PGP)/plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under the influence of N deposition, the recruitment of beneficial microbes in the rhizosphere of <i>L. secalinus</i> enhances its root nutrient absorption and transport capabilities, strengthens rhizosphere disease resistance, and positively impacts its growth. These findings enhanced our understandings about the responses of the plant-rhizosphere interfaces of the alpine meadow ecosystems to increasing N deposition on the QTP, offering insights for the adaptive management of alpine meadow ecosystems amidst escalating environmental challenges.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison Between Upper and Bottom Layers in Bunker Silos: Performance of Dairy Cows","authors":"Daniel Junges,&nbsp;Maximiliano Henrique de Oliveira Pasetti,&nbsp;Paula de Almeida Carvalho-Estrada,&nbsp;Alvaro Wosniak Bispo,&nbsp;Cristiano Kleinshmitt,&nbsp;Joao Luiz Pratti Daniel,&nbsp;Greiciele de Morais,&nbsp;Luiz Gustavo Nussio","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12728","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral areas of horizontal silos are more susceptible to aerobic deterioration, which may affect silage quality. This two-trials study evaluated the performance of Holstein cows fed diets containing corn silage from the upper or bottom half of a well-managed bunker silo. In Trial 1, 20 cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin Square design, with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with 21-days periods. The dietary treatments were (dry matter basis): 50% corn silage from the Top; 60% corn silage from the Top; 50% corn silage from the Bottom; and 60% corn silage from the Bottom. In Trial 2, 24 cows were assigned to a cross-over design with two 21-days periods. The treatments were: 60% corn silage from the Top and 60% corn silage from the Bottom. Corn silage was the sole forage source in both trials. In Trial 1, no interaction was observed among treatments. Cows fed Top silage had greater dry matter intake and milk yield (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), whereas feed efficiency (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) was higher for cows fed diets with 60% corn silage. In Trial 2, milk urea nitrogen increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) for cows fed Top compared with Bottom silage. Cows fed diets containing Bottom silage showed greater N retention (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), indicated by a more positive N balance (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Collectively, this study suggests that under good silo management, the entire panel can be unloaded for feeding lactating dairy cows.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}