Grass and Forage Science最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Varietal Heterogeneity in Pooled Samples of Cross-Pollinated Crops Using Genetic Markers","authors":"Adrian M. I. Roberts,&nbsp;Philippe Barre,&nbsp;Sabrina Delaunay,&nbsp;Bernadette Julier,&nbsp;Stephen Byrne,&nbsp;Dan Milbourne","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under the regulatory framework of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) for plant variety protection, a new variety must be assessed for uniformity, as well as distinctness and stability (DUS). For cross-pollinated crops such as perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i>) and lucerne (<i>Medicago sativa</i>), where cultivars are heterogeneous populations, assessment of uniformity poses particular challenges. These challenges stem from the fact that such evaluations can be costly and require substantial labour and time, as they typically involve the measurement of numerous comparator characteristics across multiple individual plants representative of a candidate cultivar, often over a period exceeding 1 year. Although DUS testing is based on phenotypic characteristics, genetic markers are currently permitted for use in planning of trials, and for distinctness assessment in particular situations. However, genetic markers have not yet been employed for distinctness assessment. Similarly, under OECD Seed Schemes, marketed seed is assessed for varietal purity through the observation of plants in field plots. This study proposes a new measure of genetic heterogeneity based on genetic markers, along with a method to estimate this in pooled samples to reduce costs. The method relies on a system for estimating allele frequencies at SNPs, such as genotyping-by-sequencing or sequence capture. We demonstrate the potential of this approach with example data for perennial ryegrass. The approximation based on pooled samples provided satisfactory estimates of genetic heterogeneity compared with direct assessment based on individual plants, and proved to be sensitive to contamination of samples by other varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic Practices and Breeding Progress of Forage Bermudagrass Under Abiotic Stress Conditions","authors":"Qiang Fu,&nbsp;Yuxiao Song,&nbsp;Xinjie Deng,&nbsp;Yinruizhi Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Sun,&nbsp;Jinmin Fu","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a globally important C4 forage grass, bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon dactylon</i>) is widely used in forage production under challenging environments, including drought, saline, and nutrient-poor soils, due to its high stress tolerance and nutritional value. This article reviews the performance of bermudagrass under stress conditions and summarises its production potential under various management strategies, such as optimised N fertilisation, controlled mowing height, and the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Research demonstrates that these strategies can significantly improve water use efficiency and forage quality while maintaining high yield. Additionally, molecular breeding and multi-omics technologies—such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, miRNA regulation, transcriptomics, and proteomics—show substantial potential in enhancing the stress tolerance and production quality of bermudagrass. Future research should focus on the development of molecular markers and the genetic improvement of bermudagrass under multiple stress conditions. These advances can be applied to promote its efficient and sustainable use, thereby providing scientific support to address environmental challenges in global agricultural production. However, the regulatory mechanisms of key functional genes under salt and drought stress remain insufficiently characterised, and the synergistic response mechanisms to multiple abiotic stresses have not been fully elucidated.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Forage Accumulation and Nutritive Value of Juncao Grass (Cenchrus fungigraminus) Under Increasing Pre-Harvest Canopy Heights","authors":"Tiago Alves Corrêa Carvalho da Silva,&nbsp;Mohammed Shafeen,&nbsp;Jovilisi Tabuyaqona,&nbsp;Saleshni Shafeen,&nbsp;Avinesh Dayal Das,&nbsp;Ronil Prasad,&nbsp;Frances Cowley","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Juncao grass (<i>Cenchrus fungigraminus</i> Z.X. Lin, D.M. Lin, and S.R. Lan) is a recently developed C₄ forage which has been introduced to several tropical countries supported by different aid programs. However, there is no information on the potential of forage production, nutritive value, and agronomic characteristics of this new species to support management recommendations. This research aimed to compare two cultivars of Juncao to Guatemala (<i>Tripsacum andersonii</i> J.R. Gray) and Elephant grass [<i>Cenchrus purpureus</i> (Schumach.) Morrone cv. Napier] in relation to annual forage production and nutritive value subjected to different pre-harvest canopy heights. The trial was designed using randomised blocks (<i>n</i> = 3) in a split-plot arrangement where pre-harvesting canopy heights (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m) composed the main plots and forage species/cultivars (<i>n</i> = 4) as the subplots. The annual forage accumulation of Juncao green and purple was approximately double that of Elephant and Guatemala grass when averaged across 2 years, while crude protein and metabolisable energy concentration was similar to Elephant and higher than Guatemala grass. Juncao green and purple cultivars should be harvested between 1 and 2 m of pre-harvest canopy height, with shorter pre-harvest targets favouring nutritional value and taller targets promoting greater biomass production per harvest, although no increments in annual forage accumulation were observed when pre-harvesting canopy height was over 1 m. The high forage production of Juncao grass, combined with its nutritional value comparable to other tropical forage, indicates substantial potential for its adoption in cut-and-carry systems in the wet tropics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Stages of Tropical Silvopastoral System: An Opportunity to Maximise Forage and Animal Production","authors":"Henrique Bauab Brunetti,&nbsp;Rolando Pasquini Neto,&nbsp;Cristiam Bosi,&nbsp;Patrícia Perondi Anchão Oliveira,&nbsp;Alexandre Rossetto Garcia,&nbsp;Lívia Ferreira Pinho,&nbsp;Alda Juliana Castro de Sousa,&nbsp;Giovanna Galhardo Ramos,&nbsp;Alberto Carlos de Campos Bernardi,&nbsp;André Faria de Pedroso,&nbsp;José Ricardo Macedo Pezzopane","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silvopastoral systems (SPS) integrate pasture, trees, and animals in the same area and are alternatives for sustainable pasture intensification. We aimed to test whether, in the late stages of an SPS, with large but sparsely distributed trees (83 trees ha⁻¹), forage and animal productivity are comparable to a full sun pasture (FS) over an extended period. The study was conducted at Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos/SP, Brazil, from 2020 to 2023. The SPS consisted of Piatã palisade grass ([<i>Urochloa brizantha</i>] [Hochst ex A. Rich.] Stapf cv. BRS Piatã) pastures shaded by eucalyptus (<i>Eucalyptus urograndis</i> clone GG100) rows. The trees were planted in 2011, spaced 15 × 2 m (333 trees ha⁻¹) in a nearly east–west orientation, thinned in 2016 to 15 × 4 m (166 trees ha⁻¹) and further thinned in 2019 to 30 × 4 m (83 trees ha⁻¹). The FS was a Piatã palisade grass monoculture. Each system comprised four 3-ha areas divided into six 0.5-ha paddocks rotationally stocked with <i>Nellore</i> and <i>Canchim</i> (3/8 Zebu × 5/8 Charolais) yearling beef bulls (<i>n</i> = 32 [four/year. experimental unit]). Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), forage accumulation and nutritive value, animal performance and productivity, and wood production were assessed. Post-thinning tree configuration resulted in only a 7% PAR decrease to the understory, supporting a live forage accumulation of 21,871 kg DM ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, compared to 25,373 kg DM ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ in the FS, and an animal productivity of 460 kg live weight ha⁻¹ year⁻¹—322% greater than the Brazilian average—for the three-year period. Additionally, the large trees produced 15.8 m³ ha⁻¹ of wood. Late stages of SPSs enable high forage and animal productivity over extended periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root Rot Affects Red Clover More Than Other Forage Legumes in Mixed Grass-Legume Leys","authors":"Nilla Nilsdotter-Linde,&nbsp;Eva Stoltz,&nbsp;Ann-Charlotte Wallenhammar","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Red clover (RC) (<i>Trifolium pratense</i> L.) is the most important forage legume in Swedish mixed grass-legume (MGL) leys. This study evaluated the persistence of two RC cultivars, white clover (WC), birdsfoot trefoil (BT), and lucerne (LU) in mixtures of timothy and meadow fescue associated with root rot (RR). Agronomic performance and nutritive value were measured across 3 years in a field trial conducted across two sites in a 2- or 3-cut regime. Disease progression of RR was assessed each spring and autumn, and symptoms of RR were frequent in the autumn of the seeding year. After two harvest years, all assessed RC roots were severely infected as disease severity index (&gt; 60). The legume proportion (LP) in RC treatments was largest for Years 1 and 2 and significantly decreased by 50% in Year 3. LP in white clover, LU, and BT were lower than in RC, but less affected by RR. LP of WC remained at about 23% for Years 1–3. LP decreased from a low level for BT by 46%, and LP in LU was extremely low. Total annual dry matter (DM) yield was larger for Years 2 and 3 than Year 1 for all treatments and increased in Year 3 for mixtures with WC, BT, and LU. Economically, WC and RC with three cuts were the best options, evaluated as DM yield, digestibility, and protein content. Application of lime, 6 and 9 t ha⁻¹, evaluated in MGL swards in two separate field trials did not affect RC proportion, disease progress, or yield compared to untreated control.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salt Stress Effects on Forage Production and Turf Characteristics in Smooth Bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.): Genetic Variability and Breeding Opportunities","authors":"Fatemeh Pirnajmedin,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Majidi,&nbsp;Mozhde Tirgari,&nbsp;Mohamad Hosein Ehtemam","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Salinity and water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions pose significant challenges for turf-grass production and quality. The utilisation of salinity-tolerant turf grass genotypes is essential for enhancing their cultivation in both pasturelands and urban landscapes. Understanding the genetic variation of agro-morphological and turf quality characteristics, their associations, and the potential for simultaneous selection across forage and turf traits under salt stress conditions has not yet been thoroughly investigated in smooth bromegrass. In this study, 74 genotypes of smooth bromegrass (<i>Bromus inermis</i> L.) were assessed for forage, different agro-morphological, turf quality characteristics, and salt tolerance at five cuts in the field across 2 years of 2022 and 2023 under normal and salt stress conditions. Considerable genetic variation and estimate of heritability (<i>h</i>²_b) were observed for measured traits under both conditions in the studied panel. The range of <i>h</i>²_b was from 0.45 to 0.92 under normal and from 0.36 to 0.83 under salt stress conditions. Salt stress had an adverse effect on the forage yield (DFY), yield components and turf quality characteristics. On average, salt stress decreased the DFY, colour, coverage and density by about 50.78%, 6.73%, 32.20% and 34.54%, respectively. Under both conditions, the summer cut had the lowest values of forage production and turf quality characteristics compared to spring and autumn cuts, showing probable incomplete summer dormancy in the genotypes. Positive associations among crown diameter, plant height, leaf length, colour, coverage, density and stress tolerance index with forage yield indicated that simultaneous selection for both forage production and turf quality is feasible within this germplasm under both conditions. Based on the application of multivariate analysis, genotypes with possible utility as forage use or turf application were recognised, which can be used in future breeding programmes for developing synthetic varieties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144716995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Phenotyping Accuracy for Selection of Urochloa spp. Tolerant Genotypes to Red Spider Mite (Oligonychus trichardti)","authors":"Paula Espitia-Buitrago,&nbsp;José Miguel Cotes Torres,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Hernández,&nbsp;Juan Andres Cardoso,&nbsp;Frank Chidawanyika,&nbsp;Rosa N. Jauregui","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The red spider mites are a major biotic limitation to productivity for <i>Brachiaria</i> (<i>Urochloa</i> spp.) grasses in tropical Eastern Africa, causing severe economic losses mainly in the dry seasons. However, due to the lack of reports of integrated pest management strategies, genetic resistance can play a crucial role in <i>Brachiaria</i>-based livestock systems, minimising the impact of this pest. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a methodology for accurately categorising resistance responses in <i>Urochloa</i> genotypes to identify potential sources of resistance to the Western Kenya red spider mite <i>Oligonychus trichardti</i> (Meyer 1974). Accordingly, 25 genotypes of <i>Urochloa</i> spp. were evaluated under the infestation of <i>O. trichardti</i>. Response variables included mite count and percentage of plant damage 14 days after infestation. Plant damage quantification involved visual assessment using a severity scale (AVR) and two high-throughput digital image analysis methodologies: one based on the threshold establishment in the RGB colour space (DTR) and another one based on image quantisation using three colour subsets (DQU). A linear regression of these methodologies demonstrated that the DTR methodology is more accurate and has higher concordance with the visual assessments, hence chosen for selecting tolerant genotypes. The genotypes evaluated did not exhibit an antibiotic effect; however, varying levels of tolerance were observed. Ultimately, six tolerant genotypes were identified. CIAT 16125 (cv. Piata) and CIAT 26646 (cv. La Libertad) exhibited the highest levels of tolerance, while CIAT 6426 and CIAT 664 were the most susceptible and are recommended as control candidates for future trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Variation in Critical Nitrogen Curves of Modern Maize Hybrids Differing in Maturity Group Grown Under Contrasting Environmental Conditions","authors":"Felix Schwarz,&nbsp;Manfred Kayser,&nbsp;Josephine Bukowiecki,&nbsp;Antje Herrmann,&nbsp;Johannes Isselstein,&nbsp;Henning Kage,&nbsp;Martin Komainda","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silage maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) is a key crop in the European livestock and bioenergy sectors, and nitrogen (N) fertilisation is a critical management factor associated with N losses. With ongoing climatic changes, later-maturing hybrids can be grown in northern latitudes. Critical N (<i>N</i>_crit) dilution curves describe the relationship between plant biomass and minimum N concentration to achieve maximum growth, providing a benchmark for diagnosing N status. Therefore, it is essential to test if adapted <i>N</i>_crit dilution curves are needed in order to improve N fertilisation management. This study aimed to (1) analyse potential differences in <i>N</i>_crit curves of contrasting hybrids and of varying regional conditions and (2) calculate the N nutrition index (NNI). Data collection was conducted in a 2-year field experiment under rainfed conditions in three regions of Germany, evaluating three maize hybrids differing in maturity group at six mineral N input levels. Aboveground forage mass and plant N concentration were determined at five to six sampling dates during the crop cycle. Forage mass increased with N input and differed in response to regional conditions caused by drought conditions during the second year, but not in response to hybrids. <i>N</i>_crit function parameters and NNI did not differ amongst hybrids and regions, making <i>N</i>_crit and NNI a tool to improve N efficiency, regardless of the maturity group used, even as changing patterns emerge due to climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Forage Efficiency: Insights From Cultivar, Nitrogen and Cutting Strategies in Pearl Millet","authors":"Gangadhar Nanda,&nbsp;S. K. Jha,&nbsp;R. K. Agrawal,&nbsp;Jeetendra Kumar Soni,&nbsp;Subhash Chand,&nbsp;V. K. Yadav,&nbsp;P. N. Dwivedi","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>India's growing livestock sector faces a significant green and dry fodder deficit, making it essential to identify high-yielding, nutrient-rich feed sources. Pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> L.), with its short growth cycle, high palatability and nutritional benefits, is a key fodder crop that can help bridge this gap. To determine the optimal practices for maximising yield, quality and sustainability, the study was conducted during the <i>Kharif</i> seasons of 2021 and 2022 in Pusa (Bihar) and Raipur (Chhattisgarh), assessing four forage pearl millet cultivars, two nitrogen levels and two cutting schedules. Results highlighted that the cultivar BAIF bajra-1 significantly outperformed others, producing higher green forage yield (GFY), dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein yield (CPY) and nutrient uptake (N, P, K). Furthermore, BAIF bajra-1 showed superior economic performance with higher net returns, benefit–cost ratios, energy indices and eco-efficiency. However, at Pusa, the performance of BAIF bajra-1 was on par with Moti bajra and TSFB 15-8. Applying nitrogen at 120 kg ha⁻¹ maximised yields, nutrient uptake and profitability, although it slightly reduced eco-efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency, indicating a balance between productivity and sustainability. Between the two- and three-cut schedules, no major differences were observed in GFY, DMY or CPY, but the two-cut schedule proved more profitable and energy-efficient. Specifically, a two-cut schedule with the first cut at 60 days after sowing and the second at 50% flowering emerged as the optimal strategy. The correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships among GFY, DMY and CPY (0.81–0.93) and their linkage with energy efficiencies like energy output (Eo) and net energy (En). Negative correlation of specific-energy (Es) with GFY (−0.56) and DMY (−0.48) was noted. Overall, BAIF bajra-1, coupled with 120 kg N ha⁻¹ and a two-cut schedule, emerged as an optimal strategy, addressing fodder demands with a sustainable, high-quality, enhanced energy efficiency and profitable forage solution for farmers. However, at Pusa, Moti bajra and TSFB 15-8 can be viable substitutes for BAIF bajra-1 under similar management practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of and Mechanistic Insights Into the Enteric Methane Mitigation Potential of European Native and Non-Native Forage Trees, Shrubs, and Herbs Using In Vitro Batch Culture","authors":"J. Van Mullem,&nbsp;J. Jeyanathan,&nbsp;N. Peiren,&nbsp;P. Vermeir,&nbsp;J. Valckx,&nbsp;W. Govaerts,&nbsp;J. Barbry,&nbsp;K. Verheyen,&nbsp;V. Fievez","doi":"10.1111/gfs.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enteric methane (CH₄) emissions from ruminant livestock must be mitigated to reduce their climate impact. Trees, shrubs, and herbs have gained attention for their nutritional value, climate resilience, and CH₄ reduction potential. This in vitro study evaluated 45 forage species harvested in Flanders, Belgium (July 2022), for their effects on enteric CH₄ production (μmol/g DM), total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production (μmol/g DM), and relative CH₄ production (CH₄:total VFA, mol/mol). Leaf traits from the TRY database were included. Twelve promising species were selected for a second experiment (July 2023) using fresh and ensiled substrate. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to assess the activity of tannins in fresh substrates. Different headspace conditions (100% CO₂ vs. 50% CO₂/50% H₂) were used to assess the impact on methanogens. Reduced CH₄ production in the first experiment was mainly linked to reduced fermentability, and leaf traits are more closely related to fermentability than direct CH₄ mitigation. <i>Alnus glutinosa</i>, <i>Castanea sativa</i>, <i>Catalpa bignonioides</i>, <i>Populus nigra</i>, and <i>Hedera helix</i> emerged as the most effective CH₄ mitigators. Ensiling reduced the concentration of phenolic compounds. PEG assays confirmed the role of tannins in some species; however, PEG was ineffective against the hydrolysable tannins in <i>C. sativa</i>. <i>C. sativa</i>, <i>A. glutinosa</i>, <i>H. helix</i>, and <i>C. bignonioides</i> exhibited anti-methanogenic effects, likely due to plant secondary metabolites, some of which were only indirectly evaluated (tannins and total phenolic compounds). Further phytochemical and microbiological analyses, along with in vivo trials, are needed to confirm these forages' practical application in livestock diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}