Grass and Forage Science最新文献

{"title":"Improving the accuracy of models to map alpine grassland above-ground biomass using Google earth engine","authors":"Yan Shi,&nbsp;Jay Gao,&nbsp;Gary Brierley,&nbsp;Xilai Li,&nbsp;George L. W. Perry,&nbsp;Tingting Xu","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12607","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12607","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate modelling and mapping of alpine grassland aboveground biomass (AGB) are crucial for pastoral agriculture planning and management on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP). This study assessed the effectiveness of four popular models (traditional multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), and deep neural network (DNN)) with various input combinations (geospatial variables [GV], vegetation types [VT], field measurements [FM], meteorological variables [MV] and observation time [OT]) for AGB estimation based on a new framework for AGB modelling and mapping using Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the input feature of GV had a poor performance in AGB estimation (0.121 &lt; <i>R</i>² &lt; 0.591). FM improved the accuracy the most when incorporated with GV (0.815 &lt; <i>R</i>² &lt; 0.833). Although MV, VT and OT improved the accuracy (<i>R</i>²) only by 0.112–0.216 with an importance rank order of MV &gt; VT &gt; OT for machine learning models, their outputs could be used to map AGB. Grass AGB was less accurately predicted than shrub AGB, but the pooling of both VTs improved estimation accuracy (<i>R</i>²) by 0.171–0.269. The performance of the models followed the ranked order of DNN &gt; ANN &gt; SVM &gt; MLR. DNN had the highest accuracy (<i>R</i>² = 0.818) using all non-field measured variables (excluding FM) as the inputs, and it was successfully applied to a new dataset (not associated with the data used in the training and testing) with a <i>R</i>² of 0.676. This study presents an effective and operational framework for modelling and mapping grassland AGB. Accordingly, it provides the scientific foundations to determine of sustainable grazing carrying capacity in alpine grasslands.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 2","pages":"237-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41256729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The defoliation dynamics of a stockpiled native grassland pasture follow similar patterns between supplemented and unsupplemented beef calves","authors":"Fiorella Cazzuli,&nbsp;Carolina Bremm,&nbsp;Martín Jaurena,&nbsp;Dennis Poppi,&nbsp;Martín Durante,&nbsp;Marcelo Adolfo Benvenutti,&nbsp;Jean Victor Savian,&nbsp;Thais Devincenzi,&nbsp;Pablo Rovira,&nbsp;Ximena Lagomarsino,&nbsp;Andrés Hirigoyen,&nbsp;Fernando A. Lattanzi","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12608","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is unclear to what extent and on which variables does supplementing beef cattle on native grasslands affect sward structure, specifically on the dynamics of its grazing horizons. Three hypotheses were tested: (i) during a grazing down process under similar forage allowance, supplemented animals take longer to finish each grazing stratum, than their unsupplemented counterparts, (ii) in both cases, the upper stratum will be heavily depleted before the subsequent strata are grazed, (iii) some species and/or forage fractions are consumed faster than others, regardless of the animals being supplemented (corn dried distillers grains with solubles, DDGS, at 0.7% of their body weight, BW, on a dry matter, DM, basis) or not. Three blocks of stockpiled native grasslands were used and split into two treatments plots (n = 6), on which either supplemented (S) or control (C) heifers of 10.6 ± 0.6 months of age and an initial BW of 143 ± 9 kg, were used. A 2.5 × 0.5 m observation grid was installed on the sward, generating 384 observation points on each plot. On these observation plots, sward height (SH) and visually assessed green forage mass percentage (%G) were registered every other day for 12 consecutive days. No differences were found between the horizontal grazing dynamics between supplemented and control animals in terms of how they switched from the upper grazing horizon to the successive ones. In both cases, when the upper grazing horizon was heavily depleted, the subsequent horizon was being depleted by its half. Differences of preference for C3 species over C4 was observed for both treatments, but this effect was more meaningful for control animals. Grazing time never fully compensated for the decline in intake rate during depletion throughout the grazing horizons. Pasture intake declined when the animals transition from grazing the top grazing horizons to the lower horizons, irrespective of the level of supplementation. Managing the sward structure in terms of sward height will be beneficial to maximizing individual animal performance, for both C and S animals. Native grasslands paddocks with a greater C3 gasses predominance will always be preferred to C4 dominated paddocks, regardless of an eventual supplementation practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 2","pages":"306-316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stocking method effects on forage accumulation, canopy attributes, and nutritive value of grazed Mulato II brachiariagrass pastures","authors":"Otávio Goulart de Almeida,&nbsp;Carlos Guilherme Silveira Pedreira,&nbsp;Solange Garcia Holschuch,&nbsp;Gabriel Baracat Pedroso,&nbsp;Junior Issamu Yasuoka,&nbsp;Valdson José da Silva","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12606","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12606","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rotational stocking (RS) is generally associated with the intensification of pasture-based animal production systems, although many studies have shown little advantage over continuous stocking (CS). The objective of this research was to describe and explain the effects of two average canopy heights (20 and 30 cm) and three stocking methods (CS; rotational stocking with lenient defoliation, RSL; and rotational stocking with moderate defoliation, RSM) on forage accumulation (FA), vertical distribution of plant-part components, and nutritive value of ‘Mulato II’ hybrid brachiariagrass (<i>Brachiaria</i> spp. syn. <i>Urochloa</i> spp.) during two summer rainy seasons in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Pastures were maintained at average canopy height of 20 and 30 cm under CS, and treatments under RSL and RSM were imposed by variations of ±20 and 30% of the average canopy heights, representing defoliation intensities of 33 and 47% of the pre-graze heights, respectively. The FA was not affected by CS, RSL, RSM stocking methods, averaging 8090 kg DM ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Canopy bulk density and distribution of plant-part components in the canopy profile were better at the average canopy height of 20 cm, accompanied by the greater nutritive value. The leaf bulk density was generally greater in RSM compared to CS. Pastures under CS had greater crude protein and in vitro digestible matter, and lesser neutral detergent fibre concentrations. Mulato II brachiariagrass should be managed at an average height of 20 cm under CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 2","pages":"288-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42229081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixtures of grasses: An alternative to traditional pasture monocultures in the tropics","authors":"Cauby Medeiros-Neto,&nbsp;Rodrigo Amorim Barbosa,&nbsp;Daniel Schmitt,&nbsp;Tiago Miqueloto,&nbsp;Sila Carneiro da Silva,&nbsp;André Fischer Sbrissia","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12605","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A two-year experiment assessed herbage production and above- and below-ground characteristics of a highly productive monoculture (‘BRS Zuri’ guineagrass [<i>Panicum maximum</i> Jacq.]) and two mixtures of three grasses (Mixture 1: ‘BRS Zuri’ guineagrass, ‘BRS Xaraés’ palisadegrass [<i>Brachiaria brizantha</i> Stapf.], and ‘Basilisk’ signalgrass [<i>Brachiaria decumbens</i> Stapf.]; Mixture 2: ‘BRS Quênia’ guineagrass [<i>Panicum maximum</i> Jacq.], ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass [<i>Brachiaria brizantha</i> Stapf.], and ‘BRS Paiaguás’ palisadegrass [<i>Brachiaria brizantha</i> Stapf.]), cultivated in the Brazilian tropical savanna. Mixtures 1 and 2 were subjected to two grazing intensities (removal of 40 or 60% of pre-grazing height) and ‘BRS Zuri’ guineagrass monoculture was defoliated to a single grazing intensity of 50%. Treatments were randomly assigned to fifteen 0.25-ha plots and managed under intermittent stocking by cattle. Herbage accumulation rate was similar among pastures and years (<i>p</i> &gt; .1). The root mass in the tussocks did not differ (<i>p</i> &gt; .1), with mean values ranging between 0.62 to 1.81 kg DM m⁻². Root density in the tussock interspaces was greater in the mixtures (<i>p</i> &lt; .001), regardless of seasons (<i>p</i> = .405) and years (<i>p</i> = .292). The mixtures were dominated by guineagrass (70%) and palisadegrass (30%) at the end of the experiment, with the population of ‘Basilisk’ and ‘BRS Paiaguás’ being completely suppressed throughout the experimental period. Mixing guineagrass and brachiariagrasses can be an alternative to the traditional pastoral systems in the tropics, as it does not compromise herbage production and presents a capacity to produce more roots than a very productive monoculture of ‘BRS Zuri’ guineagrass.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 2","pages":"296-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping of orchardgrass and alfalfa improves soil fertility, forage yield, feeding values and land use efficiency while limiting ruminal greenhouse gas emissions","authors":"Zhulin Xue,&nbsp;Yunling Wang,&nbsp;Elizabeth Palmer,&nbsp;Yingjun Zhang","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12602","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intercropping has been a globally accepted practice for forage production, however, consideration of multiple performance criteria for intercropping including forage production, feed use efficiency and ruminal greenhouse gas emissions needs to be further investigated. A two-year field study was conducted to evaluate forage dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value, feeding values and land-use efficiency as well as ruminal carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) emissions of intercropped orchardgrass (<i>Dactylis glomerata</i>) and alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) sown in five intercropping ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, based on seed weight) and three nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels (0, 50, and 100 kg ha⁻¹). Increasing alfalfa proportion and N fertilizer level increased soil nutrients and the two-year total DM yield. Intercropping increased both land and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) compared with monocultures. Greater NUE was obtained when N fertilizer was applied at 50 kg ha⁻¹, compared with 100 kg ha⁻¹. Increasing the proportion of alfalfa in intercrops increased the crude protein yield and rumen undegraded protein yield. Harvested forage intercrops were incubated with ruminal fluid for 48 h. Degraded DM yield, CO₂ and CH₄ emissions increased with increasing alfalfa proportion in intercrops. Overall, the 75:25 of orchardgrass-alfalfa intercrops was recommended as the best compromise between high forage productivity, superior feed use efficiency and low ruminal greenhouse gas emissions through complementary effects. The results indicate that the appropriate N fertilization level would be 50 kg ha⁻¹ for acquiring higher nitrogen use efficiency and forage productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 2","pages":"275-287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42479205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher density swards have a higher load bearing capacity","authors":"Pedro W. L. Janssen,&nbsp;Nyncke J. Hoekstra,&nbsp;Nick van Eekeren","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12603","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing the water table is an important pathway to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from peaty soils. In order to continue utilizing grasslands on these soils, methods to increase load bearing capacity at a higher water table are sought. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of sward density on load bearing capacity, measured as both penetration resistance and the newly developed method measuring load bearing capacity through impact depth. Simultaneously, a new method to measure load bearing capacity through impact depth was developed. The study was conducted between 2018 and 2020 on 14 different farms in the western peat meadow district in the Netherlands, where the sward density measured with the point quadrat method ranged from 24% to 92%. Swards with a higher sward density showed a higher load bearing capacity than swards with a lower density. In a modelling approach an increase from 30% sward density to 90% sward density could result in a lengthening of the grazing season between three (11%) and six weeks (22%), depending on the soil moisture conditions. Load bearing capacity was also highly correlated with gravimetric soil moisture content as wetter conditions lowered load bearing capacity. In order to capture load bearing capacity more accurately a new measurement device was constructed which represents treading cattle. Both output (impact depth) and method (resembles cow hoof) are close to practice, which makes it a very suitable method allowing for easy interpretation by farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"204-213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47796089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lentilactobacillus buchneri on corn and sorghum silage quality and sheep energy partition under tropical conditions","authors":"Frederico Patrus Ananias de Assis Pires,&nbsp;Thierry Ribeiro Tomich,&nbsp;Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira,&nbsp;Fernanda Samarini Machado,&nbsp;Mariana Magalhães Campos,&nbsp;Alan Figueiredo de Oliveira,&nbsp;Guilherme Lobato Menezes,&nbsp;Rafael Araújo de Menezes,&nbsp;Pamella Grossi de Sousa,&nbsp;Diogo Gonzaga Jayme,&nbsp;Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12604","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12604","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to evaluate the silage quality, ingestive behaviour, and sheep energy partition fed corn and sorghum silages, with or without inoculation with <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> and <i>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</i>. Whole plants of one dent corn hybrid (DCS), one flint corn hybrid (FCS), and one forage sorghum hybrid (SS) were ensiled with or without an inoculant containing <i>L. plantarum</i> and <i>L. buchneri</i> (4 × 10⁵ CFU g⁻¹), totalling six treatments (3 × 2 factorial scheme). The treatments were ensiled in metal drums with 200 L capacity. The lactic acid concentrations in the inoculated FCS and DCS were higher by 13.4% and 12.8%, respectively, than those in the non-inoculated plants. In contrast, the lactic acid concentration in the inoculated SS was 23.1% lower than that in the non-inoculated SS. Furthermore, there were differences in pH and acetic acid concentrations only in SS, which were 2.3% and 45.2% higher, respectively, in inoculated silage than in non-inoculated silage. In inoculated DCS and SS, propionic acid concentrations were 1.7 times higher (for both silages), and 1-propanol was 3.7 and 1.8 times higher compared than those in non-inoculated silages. There was a main effect of the inoculant on 1,2-propanediol concentrations, which were 37.5% higher in inoculated silages than in non-inoculated silages. However, ingestive behaviour, heat and methane production, and silage net energy concentrations were not affected by inoculant use. Fermentative modifications caused by inoculation with <i>L. plantarum</i> and <i>L. buchneri</i> in whole plant corn or sorghum silage did not modify sheep energy partition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45674489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic, nutritive value, reproductive, cytogenetic, and molecular aspects of Paspalum accessions: Contribution to the development of new forage cultivars","authors":"Frederico de Pina Matta,&nbsp;Alessandra Pereira Fávero,&nbsp;Bianca Baccili Zanotto Vigna,&nbsp;Marisa Toniolo Pozzobon,&nbsp;Sergio Raposo de Medeiros,&nbsp;Waldomiro Barioni Júnior,&nbsp;Marcelo Mattos Cavallari","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12600","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the agronomic, nutritive value, cytogenetic, molecular, and reproductive aspects of twenty-five <i>Paspalum</i> accessions to support breeding programs. The agronomic aspects and the <i><span>nutritive value</span></i> were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design with four replications, and with <span>monthly</span> repeated measures for 2 years. For the molecular characterization 16 microsatellite markers developed for different <i>Paspalum</i> species in previous works were used. The number of chromosomes was determined by visualizing the meiotic cells and the DNA content was determined by flow cytometry. The embryo sac clarification technique was used to characterize the reproductive system. <span>T</span>he results indicated genetic variability for all the variables related to yield and nutritive value. For almost all variables, the values of <i>Paspalum</i> accessions were higher than those of the commercial cultivars <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> cv. Tanzania and <i>Urochloa brizantha</i> cv. Marandu, used as references. However, the accessions showed in vitro dry matter digestibility values lower than the mean value presented by the references. The groups formed in the molecular analysis showed correspondence to the groups observed in the principal components analysis, considering the variables related to yield and nutritive value. Most accessions were revealed to be tetraploid with 40 chromosomes and most accessions belonging to the Virgata group displayed a sexual <i><span>embryo sac structure</span></i>. Some crosses can be indicated for genetic breeding, due to a superior genomic affinity between the accessions and the higher probability of heterosis in the progeny. These results provide subsidies to genetic plant breeding programs that use these accessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"101-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42300950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irrigation effects on elephant grass morphology, and its genotype-dependent responses","authors":"Robson Elpídio Pereira Ribeiro,&nbsp;Alexandre Carneiro Leão de Mello,&nbsp;Márcio Vieira da Cunha,&nbsp;Suellen Brandão de Miranda Costa,&nbsp;Janerson José Coelho,&nbsp;Rayanne Thalita de Almeida de Souza,&nbsp;Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12596","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study hypothesised that different elephant grass genotypes respond differently in terms of their morphological development to irrigation. The objective of this study was to evaluate how water availability could affect the morphological development of different genotypes of elephant grass. The treatments consisted of four genotypes of elephant grass [<i>Cenchrus purpureus</i> (Schumach.) Morrone], managed under irrigation or not, during a two-year field trial. The experiment was arranged in a randomised block design in a split-plot, with four replicates per treatment (<i>n</i> = 4). Between the genotypes, two of them were classified as tall-sized (IRI 381 and Elephant B), and two as dwarfs (Taiwan A-146 2.37 and Mott). A three-way interaction between season, irrigation, and genotype affected the variables plant height, stem diameter, number of dead tillers, light interception (LI), and leaf area index (LAI) (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). The morphological development of all genotypes was negatively impacted by the dry season. All genotypes grew taller during the rainy season (<i>p</i> &lt; .05) and had a greater light interception (62%–80%) compared to the dry period (28%–59%). The genotype Mott, showed comparable LI and LAI to the tall-sized genotypes, whilst Taiwan A-146 2.37 was characterized by the lowest values, despite being the genotype with the greatest tiller density (60 tillers m⁻²) (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). The use of irrigation mitigated the negative effects of the dry season on the plants, however, the type and size (tall vs. dwarf) of the elephant grass genotypes defined the extent of the responses to the use of the irrigation during the dry period.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"194-203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47855638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White clover (Trifolium repens) population dynamics are partly dependent on timing of seminal taproot death","authors":"Pedro W. L. Janssen,&nbsp;Nyncke J. Hoekstra,&nbsp;Jan Rinze van der Schoot,&nbsp;Nick van Eekeren","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12598","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The expanded usage of white clover has increased the importance of understanding white clover dynamics in pastures. It is assumed that clover plants have a higher tolerance for moisture and nutrient deficiencies when the taproot is still present. Therefore, the survival of the seminal taproot can influence the dynamics of clover. Past breeding efforts in countries like New Zealand have focussed on increasing the taproot longevity through hybridisation with a close relative of white clover. However, there is no direct evidence whether increased survival of the taproot results in increased performance of white clover. In this study, we aimed to (i) assess the relationship between taproot volume and taproot survival, and (ii) whether the timing of death of the seminal taproot influences the population dynamics of white clover varieties. In a two-year field experiment with 18 white clover varieties grown in monoculture and in mixture with <i>Lolium perenne</i> L, the taproot characteristics and population dynamics were studied. It was shown that taproot volume was positively correlated to both leaf size and taproot presence during autumn 2017, 1 year after sowing. The combination of the timing of death of the seminal tap root and the development of stolons seems to play a more important role in increasing the persistence of white clover than the absolute survival of the seminal taproot. Future research should focus on understanding the transition from a taprooted white clover to a stolonous white clover plant in relation to specific weather events such as winter frost conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48390310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}