Management of perennial forbs sown with or without self-regenerating annual clovers for forage and nectar sources in a low-input dryland production system

IF 2.7 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Elizabeth Seeno, Jennifer MacAdam, Andony Melathopoulos, Shelby Filley, Serkan Ates
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Abstract

Forage systems can be designed to produce high quality feed for ruminant livestock while providing habitat for insect pollinators. We compared forage productivity, nutritive value, and selenium uptake as well as late summer nectar production of perennial forage species; alfalfa (Medicago sativa), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), red clover (Trifolium pratense), sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), and chicory (Cichorium intybus) as monocultures and intercropped with either subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) or balansa clover (Trifolium michelianum) for two successive years in Oregon. Red clover intercropped with balansa clover out-performed other stands, producing over 11 t DM ha−1 in 2019 and 9.4 t DM ha−1 in 2020. Birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin mixtures were dominated by subterranean clover, negatively affecting total forage yield and flower abundance. Chicory intercropped with subterranean clover formed a more balanced mixture with improved DM yield and nutritive value relative to chicory monocultures. Chicory was most responsive to Se-fertilisation in both years, having a higher concentration of Se relative to the other perennial species. Chicory also had high levels of condensed tannins (18.1–43.3 mg/g DM) relative to the other forages (1.8–17.5 mg/g DM). Red clover had the most consistent bloom in 2019, with 170 inflorescences per square meter at peak bloom and yielded an estimated total of 16.9 kg ha−1 sucrose. Birdsfoot trefoil produced the most inflorescences during peak bloom in 2020 at 279 inflorescences per square meter. However, alfalfa had a higher estimated sucrose yield in 2020 at 241 kg ha−1.

在低投入旱地生产系统中管理播种或不播种自再生一年生三叶草的多年生草本植物,以获取饲料和蜜源
饲草系统的设计既能为反刍家畜提供优质饲料,又能为昆虫授粉者提供栖息地。我们比较了多年生牧草品种的产量、营养价值、硒吸收率以及夏末花蜜产量;紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、鸟脚三叶草(Lotus corniculatus)、红三叶(Trifolium pratense)、矢车菊(Onobrychis viciifolia)和菊苣(Cichorium intybus),分别在俄勒冈州连续两年作为单一作物和与地下三叶草(Trifolium subterraneum)或巴兰萨三叶草(Trifolium michelianum)间作。红三叶与巴兰萨三叶草间作的表现优于其他品种,2019 年和 2020 年的产量分别超过 11 吨 DM ha-1 和 9.4 吨 DM ha-1。鸟脚三叶草和矢车菊混播时,地下三叶草占主导地位,对饲料总产量和花朵丰度产生了负面影响。菊苣与地下三叶草间作形成了一种更均衡的混合物,与菊苣单作相比,其 DM 产量和营养价值都有所提高。在这两年中,菊苣对硒肥料的反应最为敏感,与其他多年生物种相比,菊苣的硒浓度更高。菊苣的缩合单宁含量(18.1-43.3 毫克/克 DM)也高于其他牧草(1.8-17.5 毫克/克 DM)。红三叶在 2019 年的开花最稳定,盛花期每平方米有 170 个花序,估计总产量为 16.9 千克/公顷-1蔗糖。鸟脚三叶草在 2020 年盛花期的花序最多,每平方米有 279 个花序。不过,2020 年紫花苜蓿的蔗糖产量估计更高,为 241 千克/公顷。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Grass and Forage Science
Grass and Forage Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
37
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Grass and Forage Science is a major English language journal that publishes the results of research and development in all aspects of grass and forage production, management and utilization; reviews of the state of knowledge on relevant topics; and book reviews. Authors are also invited to submit papers on non-agricultural aspects of grassland management such as recreational and amenity use and the environmental implications of all grassland systems. The Journal considers papers from all climatic zones.
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