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Alfalfa-bermudagrass mixtures managed under contrasting harvest strategies in the southeastern US 美国东南部在不同收割策略下管理的紫花苜蓿-红豆草混合物
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12687
Justin C. Burt, Lisa L. Baxter, Liliane S. Silva, Carol M. Vasco, Christopher G. Prevatt, M. Kimberly Mullenix, R. Lawton Stewart Jr, Jennifer J. Tucker
{"title":"Alfalfa-bermudagrass mixtures managed under contrasting harvest strategies in the southeastern US","authors":"Justin C. Burt,&nbsp;Lisa L. Baxter,&nbsp;Liliane S. Silva,&nbsp;Carol M. Vasco,&nbsp;Christopher G. Prevatt,&nbsp;M. Kimberly Mullenix,&nbsp;R. Lawton Stewart Jr,&nbsp;Jennifer J. Tucker","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12687","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12687","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The incorporation of dual-purpose alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) cultivars into bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon</i> spp.) is a viable option to extend the grazing season in Southern forage systems. However, data are limited on which harvest management strategy (HMS) optimizes the use of alfalfa-bermudagrass (ABG) mixtures in the Southern US. A two-year study evaluated ABG mixtures under three HMS [cut only (CO), graze only (GO), or cut and graze (CG)].in Headland, AL and Tifton, GA. Alfalfa-bermudagrass mixtures utilized in this evaluation were ‘Bulldog 805’ alfalfa that was interseeded into ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass. Treatments were evaluated for forage, animal, and total system performance. Herbage accumulation varied by year and location (<i>p</i> &lt; .01), but the number of harvests ultimately determined the total forage produced. Forage allowance was never limiting but did differ among treatments at Tifton, GA (<i>p</i> = .02). The CG HMS allowed for similar daily (<i>p</i> &gt; .06) and liveweight gains (<i>p</i> &gt; .56) on fewer days of grazing as compared to the GO treatments. The greater alfalfa percentage in the CG HMS translated to greater total digestible nutrients (TDN) and crude protein (CP), though not always statistically different. The CO HMS maximized system performance when evaluated for total gain (actual gains + predicted gains). However, the CG management allowed for more production opportunities across the season, thereby reducing economic risk. Future research should focus on evaluating the economic implications of introducing each HMS into ABG systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 4","pages":"689-702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12687","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141942509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-term trends in the genotypic integrity, phenotype and reproductive development of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) populations in New Zealand dairy pastures: Implications for pasture persistence 新西兰奶牛牧场中多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)种群基因型完整性、表型和生殖发育的长期趋势:对牧场持久性的影响
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12686
D. F. Chapman, W. M. Griffiths, R. W. Hofmann, E. Thomas, M. J. Faville, B. Kuhn-Sherlock
{"title":"Long-term trends in the genotypic integrity, phenotype and reproductive development of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) populations in New Zealand dairy pastures: Implications for pasture persistence","authors":"D. F. Chapman,&nbsp;W. M. Griffiths,&nbsp;R. W. Hofmann,&nbsp;E. Thomas,&nbsp;M. J. Faville,&nbsp;B. Kuhn-Sherlock","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12686","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Failure of perennial ryegrass-based pastures to persist beyond 3 years post-sowing is an increasing threat to the sustainability of livestock industries in the north of New Zealand. Little is known of the long-term responses of plants and populations to the environmental stresses responsible for persistence failure, or the effects of ryegrass genetics on those responses. Plants were collected from 10-year-old pastures sown in two environments (Waikato, North Island: warm-temperate, summer/autumn dry; Canterbury, South Island: cool temperate, irrigated) to four ryegrass functional types and grazed by dairy cattle. Surviving plants in Canterbury pastures were almost all true-to-type for the original genotype, whereas there was substantial ingress of volunteer plants in the diploid cultivars in Waikato. Plants confirmed as true-to-type were compared to reference plants grown from the original seed lines. Leaf mass was lower in survivor plants than in reference plants for all functional types. This effect was reversed by recruitment of new plants from seed in a grazing deferment treatment applied at the Waikato site 18 months before plant collection, in a manner consistent with epigenetic control. Reproductive development was delayed by 4–6 days in survivors of mid- and late flowering diploid cultivars: this effect appeared to be the result of true genetic differentiation. There was less aftermath heading in the Canterbury survivors, but not Waikato survivors, compared with the reference plants. The relevance of these findings for ryegrass survival strategies and targeted selection of traits for improved persistence is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 4","pages":"571-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors affecting nutrient losses in hay production 影响干草生产中营养损失的因素
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12685
Diego Zamudio, Marjorie A. Killerby, Robert C. Charley, Eric Chevaux, Pascal Drouin, Renato J. Schmidt, Jhon Bright, Juan J. Romero
{"title":"Factors affecting nutrient losses in hay production","authors":"Diego Zamudio,&nbsp;Marjorie A. Killerby,&nbsp;Robert C. Charley,&nbsp;Eric Chevaux,&nbsp;Pascal Drouin,&nbsp;Renato J. Schmidt,&nbsp;Jhon Bright,&nbsp;Juan J. Romero","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12685","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12685","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The primary objective of haymaking is to dry forage adequately to inhibit the growth of undesirable microbes and halt residual plant enzymatic activity that causes nutrient losses. During the field and storage phases of haymaking, the environment, management practices, and other factors influence the extent of dry matter losses. This review discusses these factors and the strategies that have been developed to mitigate nutrient losses. A major emphasis was placed on hay microbiome dynamics, as it has been scarcely studied despite its importance on nutrient losses during storage and harvest, especially under humid conditions. The effects of cutting height, mower type, and swath manipulation on soil contamination were discussed. Also, the impact of environmental conditions and swath manipulation on wilting time was analysed for humid and arid conditions. Special attention was given to design improvements in harvesting equipment to reduce wilting time and field losses. Furthermore, we assessed the nutrient losses during storage caused by microbial and residual plant enzymatic activity resulting from excessive moisture at baling or re-introduced moisture during storage. The spoilage extent during storage depends on bale moisture, size, density, shape, wrapping, forage type, and storage facilities. A Venn diagram analysis showed that each phase of haymaking process has a unique microbiome and that certain fungal and bacterial genera could be shared across more than one hay production phase. To take corrective actions, hay producers need to be aware of the increased susceptibility to nutrient losses associated with particular field and storage practices, environmental conditions, and forage types.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 4","pages":"499-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forage potential of Thinopyrum intermedium through near-infrared spectrometry and grown in mixture with various legumes 通过近红外光谱分析 Thinopyrum intermedium 与各种豆科植物混合种植的饲料潜力
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12684
Laura Fagnant, Olivier Duchene, Jérôme Bindelle, Yves Beckers, Virginie Decruyenaere, Benjamin Dumont
{"title":"Forage potential of Thinopyrum intermedium through near-infrared spectrometry and grown in mixture with various legumes","authors":"Laura Fagnant,&nbsp;Olivier Duchene,&nbsp;Jérôme Bindelle,&nbsp;Yves Beckers,&nbsp;Virginie Decruyenaere,&nbsp;Benjamin Dumont","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12684","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intermediate wheatgrass [IWG; <i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i> (Host) Barkworth &amp; D.R. Dewey] is a perennial grass, dual-purpose crop that can provide environmental services. In addition to the grain production, assessing its forage potential is crucial. We developed models for near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry prediction of the chemical composition and digestibility of IWG across various experimental sites. Among these, a Belgian field was used to compare its dual production in pure stands or in mixture with legumes. Good quality NIR predictions were observed, offering an efficient tool to characterize the forage composition of IWG. Its forage parameters were mainly influenced by the phenological stage with an increase of fiber and a decrease of protein, digestibility, and energy content (NE<sub>L</sub>) during the growing season. IWG forage at vegetative stages could be used to feed lactating dairy cattle with a NE<sub>L</sub> of 1625 kcal kg<sup>−1</sup> of DM but, its biomass was low averaging 1.8 t of DM ha<sup>−1</sup>. At grain maturity, biomass was higher (i.e., 5.3 t of DM ha<sup>−1</sup>), representing 73%–92% of the total biomass production, and could replace straw in high-starch dairy diets with a NE<sub>L</sub> averaging 849 kcal kg<sup>−1</sup> of DM. Although the mixture of IWG with legumes enhanced some forage parameters, its value as animal feed was not improved. In mixture, we observed a tradeoff between the increase of the forage yield and the reproductive potential of IWG. These insights can inform the on-going process of breeding and help farmers to design relevant systems to experiment this new crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 4","pages":"557-570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Urea fertilization for potentializing beef cattle performance in agroforestry systems in the humid tropics 在湿热带农林系统中施用尿素肥料以提高肉牛的性能潜力
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12683
Thaís Lima Figueiredo, Valéria Xavier de Oliveira Apolinário, Janerson José Coelho, Luciano Cavalcante Muniz, Maria Karoline de Carvalho Rodrigues de Sousa, Raabe Alves Souza, Giselle Cristina da Silva Carneiro, Natannael Castro Vilhena, Joaquim Bezerra Costa, Jose Carlos Batista Dubeux Jr
{"title":"Urea fertilization for potentializing beef cattle performance in agroforestry systems in the humid tropics","authors":"Thaís Lima Figueiredo,&nbsp;Valéria Xavier de Oliveira Apolinário,&nbsp;Janerson José Coelho,&nbsp;Luciano Cavalcante Muniz,&nbsp;Maria Karoline de Carvalho Rodrigues de Sousa,&nbsp;Raabe Alves Souza,&nbsp;Giselle Cristina da Silva Carneiro,&nbsp;Natannael Castro Vilhena,&nbsp;Joaquim Bezerra Costa,&nbsp;Jose Carlos Batista Dubeux Jr","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12683","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study hypothesized that urea fertilization could optimize animal performance in an agroforestry system. This study evaluated how increasing rates of N fertilization (0, 100, 200, and 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) using urea (CH<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O) affected forage mass, nutritive value, and beef cattle (<i>Bos indicus</i>) performance in an agroforestry system with Massai grass (<i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> Jacq. cv. Massai) and legume tree (<i>Mimosa caesalpiniifolia</i> Benth.), in the humid tropic region of Brazil, over 2-year period. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four treatments (N fertilizer rates) and three replications. Forage mass was positive and linearly affected by N fertilization (<i>p</i> = .0236, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.92), ranging from 1297 to 1583 kg DM ha<sup>−1</sup> under 0 and 400 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. There was greater average forage mass during the rainy period (1826 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Crude protein in green forage mass increased linearly (<i>p</i> = .0041, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.91) in function of the N applied. Cattle average daily gain showed a positive quadratic response to the rates of N applied (<i>p</i> = .0298, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.97), ranging from 0.46 kg to 0.68 kg animal day<sup>−1</sup>; and the gain per area increased linearly from 1.84 to 2.68 kg LW ha<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> (<i>p</i> = .0640, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.96). The findings indicate that applying 200 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, split-applied during the rainy season, would yield acceptable outcomes in terms of forage mass, nutritive value, and animal performance for this type of agroforestry system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 3","pages":"423-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141980237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrient composition, fermentation characteristics and mass balance of press juice and press cake obtained from biorefining of grass-clover and red clover silage 禾本科苜蓿和红苜蓿青贮饲料生物炼制获得的压榨汁和压榨饼的营养成分、发酵特性和质量平衡
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12682
Reinhard Resch, Georg Terler, Manuel Winter, Michael Mandl, Lisa Baldinger, Joseph Sweeney, Kevin McDonnell, Andreas Steinwidder
{"title":"Nutrient composition, fermentation characteristics and mass balance of press juice and press cake obtained from biorefining of grass-clover and red clover silage","authors":"Reinhard Resch,&nbsp;Georg Terler,&nbsp;Manuel Winter,&nbsp;Michael Mandl,&nbsp;Lisa Baldinger,&nbsp;Joseph Sweeney,&nbsp;Kevin McDonnell,&nbsp;Andreas Steinwidder","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12682","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12682","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biorefining is seen as a potential method to produce protein-rich feed for monogastric farm animals from grassland, which does not compete with human nutrition. Therefore, a new biorefinery facility was constructed and tested in this experiment by using silages from grass clover mixture and red clover. After biorefining, press juice was stored for further use while press cake was re-ensiled. Samples from silage, press juice, fresh press cake and re-ensiled press cake were analysed for nutrient composition, fermentation parameters, amino acids (AA) and biogenic amines (BA) concentrations. Furthermore, digestibility of silage and re-ensiled press cake was tested in wethers. We found that press juice contained about 205 g crude protein (CP), more than 180 g crude ash and more than 130 g volatile organic compounds (VOC, all values per kg dry matter [DM]). Furthermore, press juice had an unfavourable AA ratio for use as a monogastric feed (methionine and cysteine were reduced). Forage type hardly affected nutritive value of press juice. Re-ensiling of press cake was successful as a sufficient decrease of pH and VOC concentration was observed. Press cake had 26–36 g/kg DM lower CP content and 0.77–1.12 MJ/kg DM lower metabolisable energy content than silage with greater differences in red clover than in grass clover mixture. Press juice can be used as feed in monogastric animals, but its use is limited due to its low CP content and unfavourable AA profile. Press cake could be an appropriate feed for ruminants, especially dry cows or heifers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 3","pages":"449-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Topics from the 2023 EGF Symposium: The future role of ley-farming in cropping systems, and other recent grassland events 2023 年 EGF 研讨会的主题:列依耕作在种植系统中的未来作用以及其他近期草原事件
IF 2.4 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12676
Anjo Elgersma
{"title":"Topics from the 2023 EGF Symposium: The future role of ley-farming in cropping systems, and other recent grassland events","authors":"Anjo Elgersma","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 2","pages":"103-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proceedings of a European Grassland Federation Symposium, held at Vilnius, Lithuania, 11–14 June 2023. By Ž. Kadžiulienė, K. Jaškūnė, E. Norkevičienė, M. Toleikienė, L. Šarūnaitė (Eds.). 2023. pp. 280. ISBN: 978-609-451-008-3 (Published as Grassland Science in Europe, Volume 28. Available as a free access pdf download from https://www.europeangrassland.org and follow the link to proceedings) 欧洲草原联合会研讨会论文集,2023 年 6 月 11-14 日于立陶宛维尔纽斯举行。作者:Ž.Kadžiulienė, K. Jaškūnė, E. Norkevičienė, M. Toleikienė, L. Šarūnaitė (Eds.). 2023. pp.ISBN: 978-609-451-008-3 (作为《欧洲草地科学》第 28 卷出版。可从 https://www.europeangrassland.org 免费下载 pdf,并点击链接进入论文集)
IF 2.4 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12677
Alan Hopkins
{"title":"Proceedings of a European Grassland Federation Symposium, held at Vilnius, Lithuania, 11–14 June 2023. By Ž. Kadžiulienė, K. Jaškūnė, E. Norkevičienė, M. Toleikienė, L. Šarūnaitė (Eds.). 2023. pp. 280. ISBN: 978-609-451-008-3 (Published as Grassland Science in Europe, Volume 28. Available as a free access pdf download from https://www.europeangrassland.org and follow the link to proceedings)","authors":"Alan Hopkins","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 2","pages":"106-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The de-domestication of Ornithopus sativus Brot. to develop cultivars with physical dormancy (hardseed) 对Ornithopus sativus Brot.进行非驯化,以培育具有物理休眠(硬籽)特性的栽培品种
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12675
Robert J. Harrison, Bradley J. Nutt, Ronald J. Yates, Belinda F. Hackney, John G. Howieson
{"title":"The de-domestication of Ornithopus sativus Brot. to develop cultivars with physical dormancy (hardseed)","authors":"Robert J. Harrison,&nbsp;Bradley J. Nutt,&nbsp;Ronald J. Yates,&nbsp;Belinda F. Hackney,&nbsp;John G. Howieson","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12675","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Ornithopus sativus</i> Brot. (French serradella) is a forage legume that is well adapted to acidic coarse textured soils (sands) which are characterized by poor nutrition and an inability to retain water. During the process of domestication of <i>O. sativus</i>, there was an unintentional loss of seed physical dormancy (PY) thus compromising its self-regeneration after a cropping interval. Through mass screening of seed, we identified for the first time that heritable sources of PY exist in three populations of <i>O. sativus.</i> This rare genetic material was then incorporated into suitable genetic backgrounds of differing maturity through targeted hybridization. We demonstrated that the heritability of PY was dominant in the population of 97ZAF5sat but inconsistently recessive in the population of cv. Emena. Flowering time was variable in each source population, with a large variation in time to emergence of first flowers (95–175 days). Selection for early flowering maturity was heritable and stable. F<sub>6</sub> generations selected for PY in different maturity classes were then evaluated in situ to establish whether PY would allow a proportion of seeds to survive in the soil through consecutive seasons exposed to a Mediterranean climate. The breeding lines FHS3, 7 and 23 remained dormant, thus viable, in the soil for up to 3 years, indicating the likelihood that <i>O. sativus</i> with PY could survive and persist in a ley farming system. The de-domestication program in <i>O. sativus</i> has resulted in commercially successful cultivars (most recently cv. Fran<sub>2</sub>o) suited to sustainable dryland agriculture in a Mediterranean climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 3","pages":"366-380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gfs.12675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.–A multifunctional legume Arachis pintoi Krapov.一种多功能豆科植物
IF 2.7 3区 农林科学
Grass and Forage Science Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12674
Isabela Brandão de Sousa, Renata de Oliveira Garcia, José Francisco Montenegro Valls, Georgia Pacheco, Elisabeth Mansur
{"title":"Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.–A multifunctional legume","authors":"Isabela Brandão de Sousa,&nbsp;Renata de Oliveira Garcia,&nbsp;José Francisco Montenegro Valls,&nbsp;Georgia Pacheco,&nbsp;Elisabeth Mansur","doi":"10.1111/gfs.12674","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gfs.12674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Arachis pintoi</i>, commonly known as pinto or forage peanut, is used mainly in consortia with grass pastures and as cover plant. In addition to increasing the productivity of livestock and plantations, it contributes to the mitigation of environmental impacts (reduction of greenhouse gas emissions) and soil improvement (nitrogen fixation, reduction of fertilizers use), as well as to pests and disease management. Several cultivars that are tolerant to specific climates and soil conditions are suitable to be used as ground covers in agroforestry and silvopastoral systems, orchards, and plantations. Biotechnological and phytochemical investigations revealed the potential of pinto peanut as a sustainable source of resveratrol and other stilbenoids. Extracts from plants grown under natural conditions and from materials obtained in vitro displayed allelopathic, anthelmintic, or antioxidant activities. Other studies revealed the potential of pinto peanut for erosion control, phytoremediation, seed and essential oils production, materials for animal tissue engineering, synthesis of nanoparticles for drug delivery, and as green biorefineries to produce proteins, biochemicals, and biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12767,"journal":{"name":"Grass and Forage Science","volume":"79 3","pages":"343-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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