{"title":"Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based Planar Inductor Evaluation and Optimization","authors":"Xiaoyan Liu, Mengxuan Wei, Maohang Qiu, Shuai Yang, Dong Cao, X. Lyu, Yanchao Li","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773675","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic component as one of the most lossy and bulky components in power electronic converters has been researched on optimization through calculation, experimental and FEM simulation. However, the traditional methods are normally time-consuming or inaccurate. A novel method that combined FEM simulation and convolutional neural network (CNN) is discussed in this paper, which can predict the inductance and core loss efficiently and accurately. Experimental result shows the accuracy of CNN prediction. Based on the CNN inductor inductance and loss prediction, a novel optimization method is presented which can comprehensively and quickly provide the optimization result considering power loss and power density.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128267990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammadreza Hazrati Karkaragh, Morteza Esteki, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, S. A. Khajehoddin
{"title":"A High-frequency Compact Zero-Voltage-Transition GaN-based Single-phase Inverter","authors":"Mohammadreza Hazrati Karkaragh, Morteza Esteki, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, S. A. Khajehoddin","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773583","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high-efficiency soft-switching GaN-based single-phase inverter composed of a full-bridge DC-AC inverter and an auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit incorporates two active switches and an inductor coupled with the filter inductor. The auxiliary circuit does not add any components in the main power path, and no isolated gate driver is needed. Besides, using a coupled-inductor in the auxiliary circuit reduces the voltage stress on the switches and enables the utilization of GaN switches. Moreover, a variable-timing method controls the auxiliary circuit and reduces the conduction losses in the auxiliary switches. As a result, the efficiency and power density are improved. The proposed inverter is analyzed, and experimental results of a 200kHz, 500W prototype converter are reported.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128503848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"300A Single-stage 48V Voltage Regulator with Multiphase Current Doubler Rectifier and Integrated Transformer","authors":"Xin Lou, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773419","url":null,"abstract":"High-current, high-power-density 48V voltage regulator modules (VRMs) are critical for 48V data center power architecture. In the paper, a single-stage 48V converter with multiphase current doubler rectifiers is proposed for CPUs in data center applications. The magnetizing inductors of the matrix transformer are used as the output inductors of the multiphase current doubler rectifier. A magnetic integration structure for the matrix transformer is proposed and optimized, which creates negative coupling between multiphase current doubler rectifiers. With GaN devices as primary side devices and low voltage silicon devices as secondary synchronous rectifiers (SRs), the proposed converter can achieve high efficiency and high power density. A 48/1.8V 300A converter is designed, which can reach an estimated peak efficiency of 93% and a power density of 1.9 kW/in3.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130575791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-variable Control-based Conduction Loss Optimization in Dual Active Bridge Converter Considering Generalized Harmonic Approximation Oriented Steady-State Model","authors":"Saikat Dey, Ayan Mallik","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773377","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates a novel frequency domain general harmonic approximation (GHA) based steady state modeling technique of the dual active bridge (DAB) converter. This proposed model is employed to simplify the mathematical formulation of the instantaneous as well as RMS currents of the converter, critically accountable for the system switching and conduction losses. Also, all the possible phase shift control methods, including single, dual, and triple phase shift modulations are rigorously studied and investigated in order to provide a generic and detailed insight on the applicability and benefits of using them on a wide range of gain and load demand while ensuring minimized conduction losses. A 400W proof-of-concept of DAB DC-DC converter has been developed to validate and establish the proposed frequency domain model-based theoretical analysis and claims. While the converter has a fixed input DC bus voltage of 160V, the output load power is varied within a range of 50W to 400W with a large swing in output voltage level, i.e., from 90V to 150V. With the implementation of the proposed optimal triple phase shift (TPS) control at extreme gain conditions, the experimental results show a system efficiency increment of 3.5% and 2.2 % compared to the conventional single-phase shift (SPS) modulation technique at 90V, 50W and 150V, 200W outputs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131183989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enrique A. Sanabria-Torres, David Rosero-Bernal, N. Díaz, C. Trujillo, Fabio Andrade-Rengifo
{"title":"Microgrid Structure for testing a Real-Time Energy Management System Model","authors":"Enrique A. Sanabria-Torres, David Rosero-Bernal, N. Díaz, C. Trujillo, Fabio Andrade-Rengifo","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773556","url":null,"abstract":"Proper management of the tasks in a microgrid makes the energy management system successful. These tasks are based on analysis, control, and predictions in real-time, which makes the system capable of autonomous and guarantees its reliability and validity. In this paper, an experimental Microgrid testbed is proposed to allow emulating tasks in real-time that involve predicting energy consumption and generation in an emulated Microgrid cluster with an on-cloud energy management system. It involves machine learning methods in order to solve economic dispatch problems. Since the use of the supervised machine learning technique to estimate future consumption and generation in a system, helps the control system verify and modify itself. The Microgrid testbed includes system hardware in the loop interface, hardware power in the loop, and real inverters to have close emulation of the Microgrid cluster. A communication protocol is also implemented to connect to the on-cloud energy management system and the system hardware in the loop.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae-beom Choi, Kin Keung Jeff Lau, Seokmun Choi, Inkuk Baek
{"title":"Charge Sharing LAU Switched-Capacitor Converter with Reducing Power Loss","authors":"Jae-beom Choi, Kin Keung Jeff Lau, Seokmun Choi, Inkuk Baek","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773691","url":null,"abstract":"A patent pending novel 4-to-1 Lau switched-capacitor converter (SCC) has been demonstrated to have high efficiency in previous literature. This paper presents the application of charge sharing to LAU SCC with reducing switching power loss. It has been shown how a charge sharing technique effectively decreases the switching power losses. The validity of charge sharing technique is verified through 16-to-4V SCC prototypes for smart phone application using discrete switches. The conventional LAU SCC shows 95.83% peak efficiency (including gate driving loss) and 94.14% at 12A output current. The LAU SCC with charge sharing circuit achieves 96.20% peak efficiency (including gate driving loss) and 94.29% at 12A output current. The efficiency is superior to the prior art.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130209937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronghui An, Jinjun Liu, Z. Song, Zeng Liu, Y. P. Y. Deng
{"title":"A Control Method for Flexible Transfer Converter to Enable Autonomous Control of AC Microgrids","authors":"Ronghui An, Jinjun Liu, Z. Song, Zeng Liu, Y. P. Y. Deng","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773607","url":null,"abstract":"For grid-connected or interconnected microgrids, the transition to an autonomous and decentralized architecture was hampered by two perplexing issues: how to guarantee voltage supporting capacity while fully and controllably utilizing local power generation, and how to switch between islanded and grid-connected modes flexibly and efficiently. Through a combination the benefits of interlinking converter and switch, flexible transfer converters (FTCs), positioned at the interfaces between the utility grid and microgrids, are offered as a solution in this study. This paper proposes a control method for FTC and a universal control strategy for distributed generations, which contribute to proper power flow and flexible mode transfer in a communication-free design. They are convenient to control, easy to install based on existing assets, and hence promising in distributed microgrid applications. Also, an FTC for grid-connected microgrid system is analyzed and designed through small-signal modeling. Finally, comprehensive case studies in simulations and experiments are provided to validate its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127685206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Samani, Maryam Alizadeh, Ruoyu Hou, Juncheng Lu, Majid Pahlevani
{"title":"Thermal Design Considerations for GaN-Based Power Adapters","authors":"R. Samani, Maryam Alizadeh, Ruoyu Hou, Juncheng Lu, Majid Pahlevani","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773448","url":null,"abstract":"Gallium Nitride enhancement-mode high electron mobility transistors (GaN E-HEMTs) have paved the way to enable high power density and high efficiency in power adapters. As power density and low profile increase in popularity, more attention to thermal management inside the adapter increases. This paper presents some general design rules for the thermal management of GaN-based power adapters. Moreover, a mutual thermal resistance study is conducted to break down the impact of individual heat sources on the GaN device. This enables the designers to prioritize the thermal optimization based on the contribution of each heat source to the overall thermal resistance. A GaN Systems reference design is studied in this paper. The analyses are conducted using the finite element method (FEM). Simulation and experimental results are employed to verify the concepts studied in multi-heat source power adapters.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122489837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongwoo Han, Sanghun Kim, Xiaofeng Dong, Zhehui Guo, Hui Li, Jinyeong Moon, Yuan Li, F. Peng
{"title":"An Integrated Active Gate Driver for Half-bridge SiC MOSFET Power Modules","authors":"Dongwoo Han, Sanghun Kim, Xiaofeng Dong, Zhehui Guo, Hui Li, Jinyeong Moon, Yuan Li, F. Peng","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773723","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon carbide (SiC) power devices have excellent breakdown field strength, heat dissipation characteristics, and electron saturation velocity. The SiC-based power semi-conductors can operate at higher switching frequencies with higher voltages and better stability than conventional silicon (Si) devices. Therefore, SiC-based power converters can achieve a high-power density. However, the high switching slew rate of SiC devices accompanied by high-speed switching operations can cause EMI noise problems. Conventional gate drivers cannot effectively control such EMI noise issues, including passive and active gate driver techniques under various system environments. This paper proposes an integrated active gate driver (AGD) to solve the EMI noise issues more effectively and flexibly. The proposed AGD controls the switching slew rate through controllable AGD voltages in real-time according to the system variables that can significantly affect switching characteristics such as the DC BUS voltage, output current, and device temperature. The proposed AGD enables switching devices to control the switching speed accurately under various system operational conditions. The proposed AGD method has been verified through experimental results.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116496090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuang Wang, X. Ruan, Chengxiang Zhang, Zhiheng Lin, Ning Li, Na Qin
{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of Impedance of Variable Frequency AC Three-Stage Generator for More Electric Aircraft","authors":"Shuang Wang, X. Ruan, Chengxiang Zhang, Zhiheng Lin, Ning Li, Na Qin","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773509","url":null,"abstract":"With more electric aircraft (MEA) development, the power electronics power rating for the MEA power system is increasing. As a result, the number and power rating of the constant power loads (CPLs) in the system is gradually rising. However, the negative impedance characteristics of the CPLs may cause the system to be unstable. The impedance model of the variable frequency AC three-stage generator (VFAC-TSG), the main power supply of the MEA variable frequency AC power system, is required to analyze the stability of the MEA variable frequency AC power system. This article proposes a small-signal impedance model of the VFAC- TSG in the synchronous d-q frame. In addition, the terminal characteristics of the VFAC- TSG in open-loop and closed-loop modes are also analyzed, respectively. Finally, the proposed impedance model and analysis are verified by experiments on the hardware-in-the-loop platform.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126700975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}