{"title":"Hybrid CCM-DCM Operation of High Gain Quadratic Extended-Duty-Ratio Boost Converter with Low Device Stress","authors":"Ankul Gupta, Nikhil Korada, R. Ayyanar","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773426","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a hybrid continuous-discontinuous mode (CCM-DCM) operation of non-isolated quadratic extended-duty-ratio (Q-EDR) boost converter for low power, high gain applications. The input inductors are operated in continuous conduction mode (CCM) while the EDR stage inductors are operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to attain the benefits of both CCM and DCM operation. The low input current ripple due to interleaving and low voltage stress of the EDR stage switches are retained. With the proposed hybrid mode of operation, the inductance value of EDR stage inductor reduces significantly. A further reduction in switch voltage is achieved during turn-on transition in the proposed operation, leading to significant reduction in turn-on switching losses. This enables converter operation at higher switching frequency, thus, reducing the size of EDR inductors by 45% in this case. The proposed concept is verified experimentally by a 2-phase Q-EDR hardware prototype operating at 30 V-40 V to 400 V output, easily achieving a gain above 12 at duty close to 0.54. The converter is able to achieve a peak efficiency of 95.5% at 300 W, 135 kHz switching frequency with all silicon switches.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115323554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensing Circuits and Transition Control Mechanisms for Soft-Switching Current Source Converters","authors":"M. Mauger, D. Divan","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773524","url":null,"abstract":"The Soft-Switching Solid-State Transformer (S4T) and the Soft-Switching Current Source Inverter (SSCSI) are two novel resonant transition converters with zero-voltage switching (ZVS) across the entire load range, benign failure modes, current source behavior for easy paralleling and scaling, and controlled dv/dt. While conventional modulation techniques, including Space Vector Modulation (SVM), can be readily adapted to these new topologies, the very fast dynamic underlying the resonant transitions and resonance sequence enabled by the resonant tank(s) require additional attention. This paper proposes two simple, reliable and ultra-fast sensing circuits together with robust control mechanisms to ensure proper timing and control of the resonant tank(s). With this new approach, device stress is mitigated even under larger converter transients or fault conditions, and the soft-switching operation is guaranteed, including in applications with wide variations of source and load voltages (e.g., motor drives) or for multi-port converters interfacing multiple sources and loads operating at different voltages and frequencies.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121261350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simple, Low Cost, Method for Measuring Single Phase Line Impedance","authors":"Mark Didat, Seung-duck Choi","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773660","url":null,"abstract":"Line impedance (sometimes referred to as line stiffness) and its associated voltage sag is a common key noise parameter that consumer electronics and industry engineers must consider in product design. This parameter can have significant interactions with the power input stages of equipment or appliances, such as the performance of EMI filters and the sensitivity of protection devices. These effects can vary widely by location and construction of industrial, commercial, and residential power systems and in some cases exhibit high variation within a single location. Unfortunately, line impedance has been historically difficult to measure and characterize as it is distributed along the length of each feed from the source. This paper describes an innovative technique to determine line impedance by loading the system to generate a large impulse current which produces a significant voltage sag without the need for intricate switching logic and circuitry. This method will be validated empirically on a 120V residential electrical system and compared to LTspice simulation results to confirm accuracy.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123459292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yicheng Zhu, T. Ge, Zichao Ye, R. Pilawa-Podgurski
{"title":"A Dickson-Squared Hybrid Switched-Capacitor Converter for Direct 48 V to Point-of-Load Conversion","authors":"Yicheng Zhu, T. Ge, Zichao Ye, R. Pilawa-Podgurski","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773567","url":null,"abstract":"More energy-efficient and power-dense solutions to 48 V to point-of-load (PoL) power conversion are required for modern and future data center power delivery. This paper proposes a Dickson-squared hybrid switched-capacitor (SC) con-verter for direct 48 V-to-PoL conversion with high efficiency and high power density. The proposed topology comprises a 9-to-1 SC stage that can be viewed as two 3-to-1 Dickson SC converters combined together and a nine-phase interleaved buck stage. The proposed topology can achieve complete soft-charging operation with a simple control, ensure naturally balanced interleaved inductor currents, enable reduced conversion burden on the buck stage, and eliminate the need for large bus capacitors with a switching bus architecture. A 48 V-to-PoL hardware prototype is built to verify the performance of the proposed converter, achieving 93.8% peak efficiency and 360 W/in3power density at 1.0 V output voltage.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115584328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Noise, 24 V, 1 A, 2.1 MHz GaN DC/DC Converter for Variable Power Supply of a GaN-Based Solid-State Power Amplifier","authors":"Dominik Koch, D. Wrana, B. Schoch, I. Kallfass","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773463","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the design and analysis of a low-noise, 24 V input and variable output voltage, 2.1 MHz DC/DC converter based on a 100 V, $70 mathrm{m}Omega$ Gallium Nitride (GaN) monolithic half-bridge with maximum 1 A converter output current up to 15 V. The converter can be used as variable and highly efficient DC power supply of GaN solid state power amplifiers (SSPA) in E-band as opposed to the conventional low dropout regulators, improving the overall SSPA power efficiency. The converter (0.036 in3) achieves an overall efficiency of above 80 % over nearly the whole output voltage range and a peak efficiency of $> 91%$, depending on the gate resistor, at a power density of above 300 W/in3. The achieved voltage peak amplitude varies from below 20 mV to above 200 mV, again strongly depending on the value of the gate resistor. The AC voltage ripple is below 2 mV for all converter designs, making it suitable for low-noise supply of the power amplifiers drain terminals and to replace the conventional inefficient low-dropout voltage regulators. A comprehensive analysis of the tradeoff between switching speed, efficiency and high-/low frequency voltage noise is carried out to highlight the potential of GaN based low-noise DC/DC supplies. Finally, measurements are performed with different DC supplies (LDO, switch-mode power supply unit, and the GaN DC/DC converter from this work) with an E-band transmission chain to demonstrate the usability of this approach. It can be seen that the GaN DC/DC converter supplies the SSPA with no difference to the state-of-the-art solutions and does not cause any oscillations/instabilities, but can increase the efficiency of the power amplifier by 40 %.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129515483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-isolated Buck-Boost Hybrid Converter with AC-AC/DC Power Conversion for Simultaneous Wired and Wireless Power Transfer","authors":"Jiayang Wu, A. T. Lee, Siew-Chong Tan, S. Hui","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773428","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new non-isolated buck-boost hybrid converter, which achieves a single-stage AC-AC/DC power conversion with only one inductor in the power stage is proposed. The main advantages of the proposed AC-AC/DC topology are: simpler circuit structure, fewer components, lower cost, higher efficiency, and better scalability for multiple outputs. This hybrid converter acts as a multi-device hybrid charger or power bank without an external AC/DC power adapter. It contains multiple wireless transmitting coils and fast USB charging port for quick and concurrent wired and wireless power transfer. An experimental prototype of a single-inductor three-output (SITO) buck-boost hybrid converter is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed circuit topology.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128998119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keon-Woo Kim, Moonsoo Kim, Jeong-Il Kang, Yeonho Jeong
{"title":"High Efficiency Dual-Output LLC Resonant Converter with Synchronous Rectifier Control","authors":"Keon-Woo Kim, Moonsoo Kim, Jeong-Il Kang, Yeonho Jeong","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773430","url":null,"abstract":"A new dual-output converter with synchronous rectifier control is proposed. The main output of the proposed converter is regulated by pulse frequency modulation, similar to the standard LLC resonant converter. The auxiliary output is controlled by using synchronous rectifier (SR) control. The auxiliary output can be regulated by adjusting the overlapping duty ratio of SR, and the operation is similar to the boost converter under discontinuous conduction mode. The proposed converter can regulate the dual-output with multi-winding single transformer, and the feedback circuit for the auxiliary output is composed of simple analog circuit. Also, the proposed converter can achieve zero-voltage switching operation of SRs. Therefore, the proposed converter can obtain high power density and efficiency with tight regulation. Performance of the proposed converter is verified with an output1=13 V/ 6.3 A and output2 = 65-83 V/ 2.25 A prototype.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129142329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Performance Class-E Quasi-Resonant Inverter for Domestic Induction Heating Applications","authors":"H. Sarnago, Óscar Lucía, J. Burdío","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773593","url":null,"abstract":"Induction heating has become a relevant player in household decarbonization through electrification of heating processes. Its application to cooking process, provides high performance and high efficiency appliances, with a superior user performance. This technology requires high-performance and cost-effective inverters that takes the most of the power device and converter topology. Nowadays, most of appliances uses the well-known series resonant half-bridge topology, whereas single-switch topologies are used only in low-cost low-performance applications. This paper proposes a high-performance class-e quasi-resonant inverter for modern induction heating appliances. Unlike state-of-the-art proposals, this converters achieves full output power operating range up to 3.6 kW. Consequently, it provides a high-performance cost-effective alternative to current implementations. The proposed converter is analyzed in this paper and experimentally verified using a 3.6-kW 2-load induction heating implementation.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129251384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accurate MOSFET Modeling Approach with Equivalent Series Resistance of Output Capacitance for Simulating Turn-OFF Oscillation","authors":"Ryo Shirai, Shinichiro Hayashi, K. Wada","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773780","url":null,"abstract":"High-speed switching of power semiconductors facilitates the achievement of high efficient and compact power converters. On the other hand, a high dv/dt switching easily causes a damped oscillation, which leads to increase power loss and EMI noise. Hence, the device models to simulate the oscillation are necessary for theoretical understandings. However, conventional MOSFET models often lack an equivalent series resistance of output capacitance, which is called $R_{text{oss}}$. This paper proposes a MOSFET simulation model, including the $R_{text{oss}}$ which has the potential to damp a turn-off oscillation waveform. Extracting an $R_{text{oss}}$ value by using an impedance analyzer, circuit simulation and experimental verifications are performed to validate the MOSFET simulation model. Compared to a conventional modeling approach, the proposed model significantly suppresses a deviation in the damping factor of oscillation waveform.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124970659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}