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A Control Method for Flexible Transfer Converter to Enable Autonomous Control of AC Microgrids 一种实现交流微电网自主控制的柔性转换变换器控制方法
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773607
Ronghui An, Jinjun Liu, Z. Song, Zeng Liu, Y. P. Y. Deng
{"title":"A Control Method for Flexible Transfer Converter to Enable Autonomous Control of AC Microgrids","authors":"Ronghui An, Jinjun Liu, Z. Song, Zeng Liu, Y. P. Y. Deng","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773607","url":null,"abstract":"For grid-connected or interconnected microgrids, the transition to an autonomous and decentralized architecture was hampered by two perplexing issues: how to guarantee voltage supporting capacity while fully and controllably utilizing local power generation, and how to switch between islanded and grid-connected modes flexibly and efficiently. Through a combination the benefits of interlinking converter and switch, flexible transfer converters (FTCs), positioned at the interfaces between the utility grid and microgrids, are offered as a solution in this study. This paper proposes a control method for FTC and a universal control strategy for distributed generations, which contribute to proper power flow and flexible mode transfer in a communication-free design. They are convenient to control, easy to install based on existing assets, and hence promising in distributed microgrid applications. Also, an FTC for grid-connected microgrid system is analyzed and designed through small-signal modeling. Finally, comprehensive case studies in simulations and experiments are provided to validate its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127685206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Microgrid Structure for testing a Real-Time Energy Management System Model 微电网结构实时能源管理系统模型测试
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773556
Enrique A. Sanabria-Torres, David Rosero-Bernal, N. Díaz, C. Trujillo, Fabio Andrade-Rengifo
{"title":"Microgrid Structure for testing a Real-Time Energy Management System Model","authors":"Enrique A. Sanabria-Torres, David Rosero-Bernal, N. Díaz, C. Trujillo, Fabio Andrade-Rengifo","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773556","url":null,"abstract":"Proper management of the tasks in a microgrid makes the energy management system successful. These tasks are based on analysis, control, and predictions in real-time, which makes the system capable of autonomous and guarantees its reliability and validity. In this paper, an experimental Microgrid testbed is proposed to allow emulating tasks in real-time that involve predicting energy consumption and generation in an emulated Microgrid cluster with an on-cloud energy management system. It involves machine learning methods in order to solve economic dispatch problems. Since the use of the supervised machine learning technique to estimate future consumption and generation in a system, helps the control system verify and modify itself. The Microgrid testbed includes system hardware in the loop interface, hardware power in the loop, and real inverters to have close emulation of the Microgrid cluster. A communication protocol is also implemented to connect to the on-cloud energy management system and the system hardware in the loop.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Charge Sharing LAU Switched-Capacitor Converter with Reducing Power Loss 降低功率损耗的电荷共享LAU开关电容变换器
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773691
Jae-beom Choi, Kin Keung Jeff Lau, Seokmun Choi, Inkuk Baek
{"title":"Charge Sharing LAU Switched-Capacitor Converter with Reducing Power Loss","authors":"Jae-beom Choi, Kin Keung Jeff Lau, Seokmun Choi, Inkuk Baek","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773691","url":null,"abstract":"A patent pending novel 4-to-1 Lau switched-capacitor converter (SCC) has been demonstrated to have high efficiency in previous literature. This paper presents the application of charge sharing to LAU SCC with reducing switching power loss. It has been shown how a charge sharing technique effectively decreases the switching power losses. The validity of charge sharing technique is verified through 16-to-4V SCC prototypes for smart phone application using discrete switches. The conventional LAU SCC shows 95.83% peak efficiency (including gate driving loss) and 94.14% at 12A output current. The LAU SCC with charge sharing circuit achieves 96.20% peak efficiency (including gate driving loss) and 94.29% at 12A output current. The efficiency is superior to the prior art.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130209937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sensorless Active Damping in Switching Frequency Constrained Medium Voltage Multi-Megawatt Grid Forming Converters 开关频率约束中压多兆瓦并网变换器的无传感器主动阻尼
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773390
M. Awal, S. Schröder
{"title":"Sensorless Active Damping in Switching Frequency Constrained Medium Voltage Multi-Megawatt Grid Forming Converters","authors":"M. Awal, S. Schröder","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773390","url":null,"abstract":"A key limitation of existing state of the art for grid forming (GFM) control in switching frequency constrained medium voltage (MV) multi-megawatt (MMW) scale applications is analyzed and a potential solution is subsequently proposed. To facilitate over-current limiting and fault ride-through, GFM applications mandate fast current regulation and resonance damping, which should be achieved through active control using minimal hardware components and/or sensors. A comparative analysis of control performance is presented between a low voltage and a MV system, which demonstrates that lack of sufficient time-scale separation among the cascaded compensator loops in the latter may lead to substantial performance degradation or even instability. A state-estimator based control structure is proposed for such systems. The proposed analysis and controller is validated through real-time control-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) experiments.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123041564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Passivity of Grid-Forming Converters — Role of Virtual Impedance 成网变换器的无源性研究——虚阻抗的作用
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773656
M. Miranbeigi, P. M. Gajare, J. Benzaquen, P. Kandula, D. Divan
{"title":"On the Passivity of Grid-Forming Converters — Role of Virtual Impedance","authors":"M. Miranbeigi, P. M. Gajare, J. Benzaquen, P. Kandula, D. Divan","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773656","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-forming inverters are the key enablers for the integration of inverter-based resources at scale. A critical component of grid-forming control architecture is the emulation of virtual impedance. However, virtual impedance implementation along with the inner current loops can affect the converter stability. To ensure harmonic stability under widely varying operating conditions, this paper analyzes the passivity of grid-forming inverter with virtual impedance and converter-side current loop. Effective converter admittance is derived from the control architecture and is then used to analyze the passivity properties of grid-forming inverters. Furthermore, a model-based delay-compensation method is proposed to increase the frequency range of passive behavior. The analysis is verified through Matlab/Simulink and Hardware-in-the-Loop real-time simulations.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127912675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A ZVS Pulsewidth Modulation Scheme for Active Class-E Rectifier Based IPT Systems 基于有源e类整流器的IPT系统的ZVS脉宽调制方案
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773636
Bo Xue, Hao Wang, Rong He, Peng Zhao, Minfan Fu, Yu Liu
{"title":"A ZVS Pulsewidth Modulation Scheme for Active Class-E Rectifier Based IPT Systems","authors":"Bo Xue, Hao Wang, Rong He, Peng Zhao, Minfan Fu, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773636","url":null,"abstract":"In inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, it is usually desirable to have an adjustable output voltage. This paper proposes a pulsewidth modulation scheme for active class-E rectifier based IPT systems. The output voltage is regulated by the duty cycle of the active rectifier. Utilizing the proposed modulation scheme, the active MOSFET is turned on at the zero crossing point of its drain-source voltage. Thus, the power MOSFET of the rectifier is achieved with zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) condition over a wide output range. Detailed circuit analysis, modeling and parameters design are presented. The experimental results match well with the circuit modeling and validate the soft-switching operation and the output voltage regulation capabilities. The efficiencies of overall system and rectifier reach 90.22 % and 95.45 % at 120 W output respectively.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121045699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Modular Single-Stage PV Step-up Converter With Integrated Power Balancing Feature Using Inter-Coupled Active Voltage Quadruplers 采用互耦有源电压四倍器的集成功率平衡特性的模块化单级光伏升压变换器
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773425
Kajanan Kanathipan, J. Lam
{"title":"A Modular Single-Stage PV Step-up Converter With Integrated Power Balancing Feature Using Inter-Coupled Active Voltage Quadruplers","authors":"Kajanan Kanathipan, J. Lam","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773425","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel modular single-stage photovoltaic step-up converter with an integrated power balancing technique that features high frequency inter-connecting active voltage quadruplers (VQ). The input stage of each module consists of an integrated boost circuit with a CLL resonant circuit, allowing for both maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and soft-switching operation to be achieved. To achieve balanced output voltage for all the modules while providing MPPT, the output inductor of the resonant circuit in each module is coupled with the neighboring module with duty ratio control of the active VQ circuit is used to control the output voltage. The proposed technique allows the entire PV converter system to simultaneously achieve: (1) MPPT, (2) soft-switching operation for all modules, and (3) equal output voltage and power distribution without the use of additional circuitry. Descriptions of the proposed converter and the proposed power balancing technique are provided. Results on a 2kW, 3kV-output system is provided to highlight the features of the proposed converter configuration.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121051001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A High-Voltage-Gain ZVS IPOS Bidirectional Converter 一种高压增益ZVS IPOS双向变换器
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773438
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Afshin Amoorezaei, S. A. Khajehoddin, K. Moez
{"title":"A High-Voltage-Gain ZVS IPOS Bidirectional Converter","authors":"Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Afshin Amoorezaei, S. A. Khajehoddin, K. Moez","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773438","url":null,"abstract":"A non-isolated bidirectional converter with high voltage gain is proposed. In the proposed converter, the structure of the input-parallel-output-series bidirectional converter is integrated with the coupled inductors. The features including high voltage gain, low voltage stresses, current sharing, and current-ripple-cancellation are achieved. Due to the proposed converter's operation in triangular conduction mode, the desirable benefits of zero voltage switching, diode reverse recovery elimination, and reduction of converter filter inductors and, consequently, leakage inductors are obtained. To recycle the leakage inductors' energy and solve the related difficulties for both operation modes, a simple passive clamp including the minimum number of elements is utilized. The proposed converter is analyzed and to confirm the analysis, the experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121151279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Power Cycle Modulation Control of LLC Resonant Converters for Wide Voltage Gain Range Applications 宽电压增益范围LLC谐振变换器的功率周期调制控制
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773581
Yang Chen, Binghui He, Wenbo Liu, Bo Sheng, Yanfei Liu, P. Sen
{"title":"Power Cycle Modulation Control of LLC Resonant Converters for Wide Voltage Gain Range Applications","authors":"Yang Chen, Binghui He, Wenbo Liu, Bo Sheng, Yanfei Liu, P. Sen","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773581","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes Power Cycle Modulation (PCM) control method of LLC converters for wide voltage gain range applications. Instead of switching frequency modulation, the proposed PCM method operates the LLC converter according to a control period comprising an on cycle operation mode for a duration $T_{on}$ and an off cycle operation mode for a duration $boldsymbol{T}_{off}$. $boldsymbol{T}_{on}, boldsymbol{T}_{off}$ and the optimal switching frequency during $T_{on}$ are adjusted based on the sensed input and output voltages. Optimal switching pulse pattern can be maintained under the low output voltage and high input voltage conditions, which ensures the high efficiency. A 65W prototype is built to verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed control method.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121165314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Misalignment-Tolerant IPT System Based on Dual Decoupled Receiver Coils with Voltage Doubler Rectifier 基于双解耦接收线圈和倍压整流器的容差IPT系统
2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773620
Shun Liu, Yihao Wu, Lingyun Zhou, R. Mai, Zhengyou He
{"title":"A Misalignment-Tolerant IPT System Based on Dual Decoupled Receiver Coils with Voltage Doubler Rectifier","authors":"Shun Liu, Yihao Wu, Lingyun Zhou, R. Mai, Zhengyou He","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773620","url":null,"abstract":"Misalignment in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, which usually results in system variation and unstable output, is universal and unavoidable. In this paper, a novel IPT system based on dual decoupled receiver coils with a voltage doubler (VD) rectifier is proposed to improve the misalignment tolerance. A detailed theoretical analysis of the proposed topology is developed, showing how the dual decoupled receiver coils can operate in two modes with the VD rectifier, i.e., transmitting power individually or cooperatively to obtain constant-voltage (CV) output in different misaligned positions without any extra inductors, ac switches, or controllers. Finally, an 820 W experiment prototype is built, the experimental results show that the fluctuation of the output voltage is within 4.9% of its rated load (54 Ω) despite 40% of the magnetic coupler misalignment. Under the 40% misalignment condition, when the load resistance varies from 54 Ω to 90 Ω, the fluctuation of the output voltage is within 1.5%. The system efficiency ranges from 93.52% up to 95.86% with variable loads and misalignments.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121298932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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