Gene Reports最新文献

{"title":"The identification and expression pattern analysis of carbonic anhydrase gene family in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) under low salinity environment","authors":"Binghua Liu ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Lin ,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiancai Hao ,&nbsp;Hong-Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Yuyan Liu ,&nbsp;Changwei Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity difference is a significant characteristic that distinguishes marine and terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. The carbonic anhydrase (CA) plays an important role in responding to the salinity changes in organisms, including regulating ion transport, osmotic balance, and internal environmental homeostasis. However, there is little research on the multiple <em>ca</em> gene family members under salinity stress. Therefore, we analyzed and researched the <em>ca</em> gene family members under different salinity conditions (0 ‰ and 30 ‰) in a euryhaline fish of marine medaka (<em>Oryzias melastigma</em>). In this study, we have screened and identified 18 members of the family in its genome, which are scattered across 10 chromosomes. Although some members had multiple copies, for example, <em>ca16</em> with 3 copies, there was no homologous pair among the <em>ca</em> genes. These proteins were localized in different cellular compartments (cytoplasm, membrane, mitochondrion, extracellular space, and nucleus) and exhibited α helices, β sheets, and loops, with all containing at least one CA catalytic domain. According to the results of transcriptome and qPCR, we concluded that CA1, CA5A, CA12, CAR12, and CAHZA may respond to low salinity stress. Furthermore, RPF2 may be an important interacting protein with these CA proteins. Our results provide a molecular basis for the salinity domestication of fishes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative bioinformatics and experimental approaches reveal NFKBIZ as a key regulator of inflammatory factors and chemokines in pelvic inflammatory disease progression","authors":"Baoqin Liu ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Huijing Dong ,&nbsp;Junning Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Pu ,&nbsp;Junjie Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of the study</h3><div>Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a major reproductive health issue that can lead to complications such as infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy. While PID has a significant clinical impact, its underlying immune mechanisms and inflammatory processes are not fully understood. This study aims to identify molecular changes, immune cell infiltration patterns, and key gene modules associated with PID progression, providing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We first analyzed the microarray dataset from GSE110106 to identify DEGs between PID patients and controls, and then performed functional enrichment analysis using GO and KEGG pathways. To investigate the immune status, we used seven algorithms to assess immune cell infiltration in PID samples. Additionally, WGCNA was employed to identify key gene modules associated with PID progression, while Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was applied to identify potential signature genes. Experimental validation was performed using NIH-3T3 fibroblasts stimulated with cytokines to mimic PID conditions, followed by RT-PCR, ELISA and cell viability assays to assess the role of NFKBIZ in inflammation and cell damage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study identified 7122 DEGs in PID patients, with 3317 up-regulated and 3805 down-regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted key pathways such as NF-kappaB signaling and immune responses, while immune cell analysis revealed altered populations, particularly dendritic cells and T cell subsets. WGCNA identified a gene module most strongly correlated with PID, and machine learning methods, including LASSO regression, pinpointed NFKBIZ, KIAA0556, and SRGN as potential biomarkers. Validation experiments confirmed significant overexpression of NFKBIZ in a simulated PID environment, with knockdown of NFKBIZ reducing inflammatory mediator levels (IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, MIP-2) and improving cell viability, suggesting NFKBIZ as a key player in PID inflammation and tissue damage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that NFKBIZ plays a crucial role in the progression of pelvic inflammatory disease by modulating inflammatory responses and promoting fibroblast apoptosis. Targeting NFKBIZ may offer a potential therapeutic approach for managing PID-related inflammation and tissue damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the role of Casparian strip membrane proteins in rice under salinity stress","authors":"Suraj Patil,&nbsp;Shrushti Joshi,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Casparian strip (CS) is a specialized structure in endodermal cell layer of plant roots and is critical for regulating hydro-mineral transport and thus plant growth and stress responses. CS are synthesized and stabilized by a specialized class of proteins called CS-membrane-domain-proteins, the CS membrane proteins (CASPs) (CASPs). CASPs have been identified in various crops; however, such studies on Indica rice cultivars remain limited. This study was conducted to identify and characterize putative CASPs in <em>Indica</em> rice varieties, and their influence on expression patterns of key genes under salinity stress. The genome-wide screening revealed five putative orthologs in the <em>Indica</em> genome, three of them were confirmed as stable and functional CASPs through Eggnogg, Protparam, gene structure and domain architecture analysis. <em>Cis</em>-regulatory element analysis showed abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE) and anaerobic responsive element (ARE) promoter within the promoter region, indicating their roles in regulating plant hormones, stress-responses, and influencing developmental processes. Subcellular localization confirmed their presence on plasma membrane. Three-dimensional structures prediction showed that all CASPs have four transmembrane architectures. To analyze responses under salinity stress, two Indica rice varieties differing in salinity tolerance abilities were studied for their responses to salinity stress including reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and responsive antioxidant enzyme activities. Varietal and stress-responsive differential enzyme activity was seen particularly for peroxidases, which are known to be involved in CS formation. Histochemical visualization for the development of CS using propidium iodide diffusion confirmed the varietal difference under salinity stress. Differential qRT-PCR-based gene expression of identified genes further confirmed the role of CS under salinity stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights and phylogenetic relationships of Momordica balsamina using DNA barcoding: An accurate tool for species identification","authors":"Iqra Aman ,&nbsp;Quratulain Maqsood ,&nbsp;Tahir Mehmood ,&nbsp;Aleena Sumrin ,&nbsp;Rehman Shahzad","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>Momordica balsamina</em>, a member of Cucurbitaceae family is a plant species of immense botanical, phytochemicals, pharmacological, and medicinal value. Accurate identification is crucial in order to extract valuable bioactive compounds which is important for ensuring the quality and safety of herbal medicines. While traditional taxonomic methods aid in species identification but an innovative and authentic method for identifying species is DNA barcoding, which is based on the nucleotide diversity of conserved sequences. Plant DNA barcoding systems are more difficult to build and refine because of the enormous genetic variation among species. To ensure a more reliable approach, plant scientists should focus on conserved nuclear-transcribed regions to analyze genetic diversity, species differentiation, and phylogeny. In this study, we amplified and sequenced the rbcL, matK, and ITS regions of <em>Momordica balsamina</em>. Furthermore, there Phylogenetic tree analysis, bootstrap percentage, sequence homology and failed amplification of matK were discussed. <em>M. balsamina</em> species were authenticated by using ITS primer (internal transcribed spacer). Through this intended research, we aim to genetically identify and characterize this medicinally important species through barcoding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between ABO (H) secretory status and rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Sajedeh Saharkhiz ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Pouladkhay ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ghorbani ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Afzali ,&nbsp;Farhang Soltani Bajestan ,&nbsp;Jafar Hajavi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Momeni-Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Majid Zamani","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>ABH antigens are present on the surface of blood cells and in body secretions such as saliva. Our study aimed to investigate the frequency distribution of secretor and non-secretor phenotypes among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The lack of blood group antigens in body secretions increases the incidence of certain diseases, including autoimmune diseases and infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study was conducted on 250 patients referred to Allameh Bohloul Gonabadi Hospital. 120 patients had rheumatoid arthritis and 130 controls without rheumatoid arthritis. 2 mL of saliva was collected from the patients non-invasively. We determined the secretory and non-secretory status of the patients by examining agglutination or non-agglutination by visual and microscopic methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Secretory status in the case group, 75 out of 120 patients (62.5 %) were secretory and 45 (37.5 %) were non-secretory. In the control group, 120 out of 130 patients (92.3 %) were secretory and 10 (7.7 %) were non-secretory. Non-secretors were significantly more associated with rheumatoid arthritis (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The non-secretory of ABH substances may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis and these results were found more in women than in men, Although, to investigate whether the increased frequency of with rheumatoid arthritis among non-secretors is coincidental or indeed genetic, a prospective cohort study of non-secretors in relation to with rheumatoid arthritis is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference genes assessment and selection for expression analyses by qRT-PCR in Euwallacea interjectus","authors":"Nan Jiang,&nbsp;Jialin Liu,&nbsp;Shengchang Lai,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Dejun Hao,&nbsp;Lulu Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Euallacea interjectus</em> (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is an emerging pest in poplar plantations, capable of parasitizing living trees and cultivating Ambrosia <em>Fusarium</em> Clade (AFC) fungi as a nutritional source. Host trees infested by <em>E. interjectus</em> experience severe decline and wilting symptoms. Despite the considerable impact of <em>E. interjectus</em>, no reference genes for gene expression analysis have been documented for this species. This study identified 12 reference genes from the <em>E. interjectus</em> transcriptome. Their expression genes were evaluated using RT-qPCR and assessed through five methodologies: CT value calculation, BestKeeper, NormFinder, RefFinder, and geNorm. Among the identified genes, EIS6K1, EITOR, EIRPL13, and EIRPL18 exhibited the highest stability in female specimens, while EIPRS3a and EIRPS18 were the most stable in male specimens. These findings confirm the reliability of the selected algorithms and provide a strong foundation for future research in molecular biology and pest control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular insight into the photoperiod sensitivity in crop plants","authors":"Kishor U. Tribhuvan ,&nbsp;Shruti Sinha ,&nbsp;N. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Simardeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Binay K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reproductive phase of the plant is critically regulated by various internal and external factors. Among these, photoperiod sensitivity is one of the key factors that counts the day length to sense the upcoming favourable environmental conditions for flowering and post-flowering events. Photoperiod-sensitive plants have an internal photoperiod-sensing mechanism regulated through a cascade of genes. Induction of flowering in plants largely depends upon the expression of the <em>Flowering Locus T</em> (<em>FT</em>), which encodes florigen, a systemic signalling molecule required to trigger flower induction. It is synthesized in leaves and translocated to the shoot meristem through the phloem. Photoperiod sensitivity in crop plants is a big constraint for production. Strong photoperiod requirements of crop plants for flowering restrict their cultivation to specific geographical niches in a single season. Identifying the gene(s)/QTL(s) for photoperiod sensitivity and the development of day-neutral genotypes is a prime area of research. The availability of day-neutral genotypes in crop plants promises wider adaptability under diverse agroecological environments with multi-seasonal cropping in a year. This review takes into account the genes and QTLs discovered in major cereal and pulse crops and elucidates various mechanisms behind their photoperiod responses. Furthermore, it emphasizes the use of genome editing for photoperiod engineering and explores the prospect of using various modern, cutting-edge technologies for photoperiod research in crop plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RORA polymorphisms are associated with ischemic stroke","authors":"Mohammad Samadian ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sadat Feghahati ,&nbsp;Maryam Sheikhvand ,&nbsp;Arash Safarzadeh ,&nbsp;Arezou Sayad ,&nbsp;Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>RAR Related Orphan Receptor A</em> (<em>RORA</em>) encodes a nuclear hormone receptor that participates in the pathoetiology of several disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate association between two <em>RORA</em> variants (rs11639084 and rs4774388) and risk of ischemic stroke among Iranians.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>These polymorphisms were genotyped using 4P-ARMS-PCR method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rs11639084 polymorphism was associated with risk of stroke in all assumed inheritance models. T allele of this polymorphism was identified as the risk allele increasing the risk of ischemic stroke with OR (95 % CI) of 18.64 (13.58–25.57), <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001 and AIC = 29.4. Notably, the TT genotype was found to increase risk of this condition compared with CC genotype (OR (95 % CI) = 309.6 (142.2–683.2)) and CC + TC genotypes (OR (95 % CI) = 62.37 (30.06–129.4)). Since AIC estimates the quality of each model relative to other models, allelic model seems to be the best model for appraisal of the association between rs11639084 and risk of ischemic stroke. The rs4774388 polymorphism was associated with risk of stroke in all assumed inheritance models, except for over-dominant model. C allele of this polymorphism was reported to be the risk allele increasing the risk of ischemic stroke with OR (95 % CI) of 8.56 (6.4–11.43), <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001 and AIC = 29.6. Accordingly, the CC genotype increased susceptibility to ischemic stroke compared with TT genotype (OR (95 % CI) = 22.4 (14.6–42.5)), as well as combination of the other two genotypes (OR (95 % CI) = 12.92 (8.18–20.4)). Similar to the other polymorphism, the highest AIC value belonged to the allelic model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In brief, we showed associations between two <em>RORA</em> polymorphisms and susceptibility to ischemic stroke in Iranian population. <em>RORA</em> might be the functional link between abnormality in circadian rhythm and risk of ischemic stroke. Moreover, this gene might explain the shared genetic background between obesity and stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulated cell death in thyroid follicular cells: Molecular insights into pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necrosis","authors":"Honghao He,&nbsp;Daiwei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways are crucial for eliminating functionally redundant, infected, or potentially tumorigenic cells. They play significant roles in maintaining homeostasis, defending against pathogens, preventing cancer, and addressing various other pathologies. Multiple PCD pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, have been well-characterized. Different molecular and cellular functions are included in these pathways, and each of these processes results in different cellular outcomes, including the activation of inflammatory responses. This review aims to investigate the molecular components that regulate apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, with a particular emphasis on the interaction pathways between these processes in the context of thyroid follicular cell death. It aims to examine the implications of these pathways for thyroid health and disease, as well as providing an in-depth understanding of the flexible and coordinated nature of PCD pathways in thyroid cells, emphasizing their interconnectedness and the plasticity of their molecular regulation. It underscores the potential of using this flexibility in therapeutic strategies for thyroid-related disorders. Significant plasticity has been observed in the regulation of PCD pathways in recent genetic and biochemical investigations. Apoptosis can be induced by inflammatory caspases, for example, that usually cause pyroptosis, and the stimulus of apoptosis can induce pyroptosis. This flexibility is particularly evident in the cellular response to infections. Understanding the coordinated regulation of different PCD pathways could open new avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions in thyroid diseases, potentially improving treatment outcomes for thyroid-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm formation, pigment production, and virulence gene profiles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from respiratory and urinary tract infections","authors":"Mohammad Sarkheili,&nbsp;Farzin Asghari-Sana,&nbsp;Samira Ahmadi Asli,&nbsp;Shabnam Golbouy Daghdari","doi":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.genrep.2025.102184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is a major opportunistic pathogen, recognized for its antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors. This study investigated 50 clinical isolates from respiratory and urinary tract infections in hospitals in Urmia, Iran, to explore the correlation between biofilm production, antibiotic resistance, pigment production, and the presence of virulence genes. Pyoverdine was produced by 40 % of the isolates, pyocyanin by 58 %, and 6 % of the strains did not produce any pigments. No significant association was found between pigment production and infection type. Biofilm formation was observed in 86 % of the isolates, with strong biofilm producers exhibiting significantly higher pyoverdine production than pyocyanin (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The highest antibiotic resistance in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates was observed against meropenem (94 %), while the lowest was against aztreonam (26 %). Multidrug resistance was present in 76 % of the isolates, with no significant correlation found between pigment production and antibiotic resistance. The prevalence of virulence genes included <em>algD</em> (86 %), <em>plcH</em> (82 %), <em>plcN</em> (80 %), <em>toxA</em> (72 %), <em>lasB</em> (66 %), and <em>exoS</em> (64 %). Although most genes showed no significant differences between respiratory and urinary isolates, <em>exoS</em> was significantly more prevalent in respiratory isolates (87.5 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to urinary isolates (42.3 %). Additionally, <em>algD</em> and <em>lasB</em> were co-detected in 72.09 % of biofilm-producing isolates (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the frequent detection of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> in clinical samples, along with its virulence factors, high pigment production, and biofilm formation, enhances its ability to cause persistent infections. These findings suggest that <em>exoS</em> plays a key role in respiratory infections, highlighting the pathogen's adaptability to various infection sites. This information provides a valuable foundation for developing more effective, targeted treatment strategies against this challenging pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12673,"journal":{"name":"Gene Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}