Gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Optometrists' Practice Patterns in Falls Prevention Management.","authors":"Si Ye Lee, Khyber Alam, Jason Charng, Hamed Niyazmand, Jo-Aine Hang, Anne-Marie Hill","doi":"10.1159/000551621","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Optometrists, as primary eye care professionals working in the community, routinely provide consultations for older adults. Impaired vision significantly increases falls risk, positioning optometrists as important health service providers to address primary falls prevention. However, there is scarce evidence for how optometrists implement evidence-based falls prevention management. This study explored Australian community optometrists' understanding of falls prevention management and their perspectives on the barriers and enablers for implementing falls prevention management in their clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed a qualitative descriptive design, using purposeful sampling to recruit Western Australian optometrists across metropolitan and rural primary eye care settings. Focus group discussions explored participants' knowledge of falls prevention, implementation experiences, and educational opportunities to improve implementation. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four focus groups were conducted (N = 23, females = 12 and males = 11). Participants were predominantly early career optometrists (52% with 1-5 years of experience), 87% were aged under 40 and primarily practicing in metropolitan areas. The main category identified a substantial evidence-to-practice gap in optometrists' falls prevention management for older adults within primary eye care settings. Four generic categories contributed; perceived low levels of knowledge and awareness about falls prevention, sporadic integration into clinical practice, the need for an improved approach to collaboration within multidisciplinary teams, and hesitancy to undertake falls prevention management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Community optometrists had perceived low levels of knowledge about falls prevention and identified limited opportunities to implement falls prevention management. Suggestions to bridge this implementation gap included providing further education and promoting optometrists' engagement in multidisciplinary teams. Further research investigating how community optometrists can translate falls prevention evidence into practice is required. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"405-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13229488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology for Finding Misplaced Objects in a Home: Protocol for a Scoping Review.","authors":"Bing Ye, James McDonough, Cynthia Chui, Alex Mihailidis","doi":"10.1159/000551522","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Background: As people age, it becomes more common for individuals to misplace household items, such as keys or phones. This could inevitably lead to disruption of daily routine and cause frustration. In recent years, many technologies have been rapidly developed to support older adults in maintaining their independent living and enhancing their quality of life. Among these, many have been designed as memory aids to help locate misplaced objects, reducing both the time spent searching and the stress it causes. However, to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive review has mapped out the existing technologies for misplaced object retrieval. Therefore, this scoping review will serve to help understand the landscape of the current technologies, features, and challenges, including their ethical and usability concerns, in retrieving misplaced household items. Summary: An initial data search has been conducted by an information specialist targeting a set of databases to find studies that outline a technology aiding misplaced object retrieval in a home setting. Databases included MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Compendex, Inspec, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. Studies will be included if written in English, peer-reviewed, and depict a tested technology that aids in the specific retrieval of misplaced household objects. Screening will be done independently by two reviewers to ensure consistency and reduce bias. Reviewers will review decisions at the end of screening, and discrepancies will be solved through discussion between the two reviewers first or a third reviewer, if necessary. Both screening and extraction will be conducted on Covidence. Analysis of extracted data will be tabulated, and thematic analysis will be conducted through NVivo. The initial search has generated 6,556 records. The scoping review is expected to be completed by December 2025. Key Messages: This review will provide developers and researchers with a guide to the current landscape of the relevant technologies, along with their features, issues, and gaps. The review is intended to inspire innovation in future similar technologies. In addition, the review will explore the gap in technology translation and underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach that engages all relevant stakeholders to work in collaboration for better outcomes and successful technology design and adoption. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"397-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13160502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147456461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six-Month Follow-Up after Effects of Resistance Training on Osteosarcopenia in Postmenopausal Korean Women (ERTO-K Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Byung Chan Lee, Juhyun Lee, Kang Hee Cho, Changwon Moon","doi":"10.1159/000552519","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia are increasingly prevalent among older adults. Exercise and nutritional support are key non-pharmacological treatments; however, their benefits may diminish after discontinuation. This study investigated the effects of a 6-month detraining period following a 6-month exercise program in postmenopausal Korean women with osteosarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a 6-month follow-up of an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial (ERTO-K study). A total of 33 postmenopausal women with osteosarcopenia (mean age, 75.9 ± 5.2 years) who had completed a 6-month intervention were included. Osteosarcopenia was defined as osteopenia or osteoporosis based on WHO criteria and sarcopenia according to the AWGS 2019 guidelines. Participants were originally assigned to either progressive resistance exercise (RE group, n = 17) or home exercise (HE group, n = 16). Outcomes were assessed at the end of the intervention and after 6 months of detraining, including skeletal muscle index (SMI), handgrip strength (HGS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Berg Balance Test (BBT), 4-meter gait speed, 5 times chair stand test, Muscle Quality Index (MQI), and bone mineral density (BMD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 6-month detraining period, no significant changes in SMI were observed. In contrast, lumbar spine BMD significantly decreased in both groups (RE: -0.014 g/cm2; HE: -0.017 g/cm2), and femoral neck BMD decreased in the RE group. HGS significantly decreased (RE: -2.28 kg; HE: -3.45 kg; both p < 0.001), as did 4-meter gait speed (RE: -0.27 m/s; HE: -0.20 m/s; both p < 0.001). The BBT score showed a small but significant decrease in the RE group, while no significant change was observed in the HE group. No significant changes were observed in SPPB score, 5 times chair stand time, or MQI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After 6 months of detraining, declines in muscle strength and gait speed were observed, while SMI remained unchanged and BMD decreased at specific sites. These findings suggest that functional measures and muscle strength may be more practical indicators for monitoring early changes during detraining than muscle mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"582-590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147981530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Oral Tacrolimus Induction Therapy in Elderly Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Subanalysis of a Large Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Toshihiro Inokuchi, Sakiko Hiraoka, Naoki Oshima, Ryohei Hayashi, Sakuma Takahashi, Hiroshi Matsumoto, Shinichi Hashimoto, Kazuo Yashima, Ken Yamashita, Tomoki Inaba, Kousaku Kawashima, Taro Takami, Hajime Isomoto, Akiko Shiotani, Shiro Oka, Shunji Ishihara, Motoyuki Otsuka","doi":"10.1159/000551622","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We previously reported the findings of a multicenter retrospective cohort study investigating the efficacy of oral tacrolimus induction therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In this subanalysis, we specifically evaluated the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with moderate-to-severe UC treated with tacrolimus between 2009 and 2017 were stratified into the elderly (≥60 years, n = 34) and non-elderly (<60 years, n = 182) groups. We compared the clinical remission rate at week 12, the colectomy-free survival at week 52, and the incidence of adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite the higher comorbidity burden and lower baseline hemoglobin and albumin levels in the elderly group, clinical remission rates at week 12 were comparable, at 58.8% in the elderly group and 56.6% in the non-elderly group. Colectomy-free survival at week 52 did not differ significantly between elderly and non-elderly patients (91.2% vs. 90.7%). Among elderly patients, those who did not achieve clinical remission demonstrated significantly higher disease activity and lower hemoglobin levels at baseline compared with those who achieved remission. The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral tacrolimus therapy demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety between elderly and non-elderly patients, indicating its feasibility as a treatment option for the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"481-490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Age, Sex, and Educational Attainment on Verbal Associative Memory Performance among Hispanic Individuals with Differing First Spoken Language.","authors":"Tomas Nuño, Megan Johnson, Matt DeBoth, Lee Ryan, Zhao Chen, David W Coon, Matthew Huentelman","doi":"10.1159/000549257","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hispanics are the fastest growing segment of the elderly population in the USA. An assessment of their English and Spanish language dominance is important to consider for cognitive aging. In this manuscript, we utilized an internet-based study (MindCrowd [MC]) to recruit Hispanic participants from within the USA who differ on their self-reported first spoken language (FSL) and examined the influence of the known three most significant associated factors - age, sex, and educational attainment - on their verbal memory performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized participants who joined MC after the launch of the updated site in June 2022. Participants were included if they self-reported their age between 18 and 90, their biological sex as either male or female, and their maximum educational attainment and completed the entire 10-min MC cognitive testing experience which includes an assessment of verbal associative memory (paired-associates learning [PAL]). Additionally, we included only those individuals who participated in English; however, the Hispanic cohort was split into two groups depending on their self-reported FSL as either English or Spanish. Propensity matching was also used to create a cohort whose FSL was Spanish and who matched the demographics of the FSL English Hispanic cohort. Regression statistics were used to calculate significance and estimate effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, biological sex, and educational attainment are all significantly associated with PAL performance in both Hispanic cohorts, regardless of the participant's FSL. Compared to non-Hispanic MC participants, age had a more negative influence on PAL performance in Hispanics, while the association of educational attainment was similar across both groups. Interestingly, FSL Spanish Hispanics demonstrated a less negative association of biological sex with PAL performance. We used propensity score matching as a sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of our regression findings in the same cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The three known factors associated with verbal memory performance (age, sex, and educational attainment) are also significantly associated with Hispanic individuals, including those who spoke English or Spanish as their FSL. However, the strength of several factors differed across groups, including age and sex. The study highlights the importance of considering factors predicting cognitive aging outcomes in large, well-characterized, but separate demographic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145421725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balance Confidence Is Related to Walking Parameters in Different Outdoor Environments in Older Adults.","authors":"Emmi Matikainen-Tervola, Neil Cronin, Eeva Aartolahti, Sanna Sihvonen, Sailee Sansgiri, Olli-Pekka Mattila, Taija Finni, Merja Rantakokko","doi":"10.1159/000549782","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Perceived balance confidence may influence stability of gait among older adults and be pronounced in varied environments. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between balance confidence and outdoor walking parameters in various environments as well as differences in these parameters among older adults with varying levels of balance confidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Older adults (N = 39, women 67%, mean age 76) walked outdoors on level, uphill, and downhill with their self-selected normal speed. Walking parameters (stride, stance, and swing durations and cadence) and their variance were assessed using inertial measurement units on the lower back and shanks. Balance confidence was evaluated using the activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC). Additionally, physical activity, self-rated health, falls in past year, anthropometrics, walking speed on level, short physical performance test (SPPB), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Balance confidence positively correlated with cadence on level (r_s = 0.439, p = 0.005) and uphill (r_s = 0.336, p = 0.049), negatively with cadence variability downhill (r_s = -0.424, p = 0.007) and stride duration on level (r_s = -0.436, p = 0.006) and uphill (r_s = -0.335, p = 0.049). The high balance confidence group (ABC ≥80, n = 32) had 7-8% higher cadence in all environments, 7-8% shorter stride duration uphill and downhill, walked 0.14 m/s faster on level and showed less variability in walking parameters uphill compared to the lower balance confidence group (ABC <80, n = 7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older adults, differences in walking parameters can be seen when using the balance confidence as a differentiating factor. Self-rated balance confidence combined with an uphill walking test may give an indication of varying walking patterns in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"222-231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven in Absentia Homolog 1 Is Critical for Hypoxia-Induced Lifespan Extension in <italic>Caenorhabditis elegans</italic> by Regulating the Expression of Skinhead-1.","authors":"Ferbian Milas Siswanto, Ana Lucia Ekowati, Susumu Imaoka","doi":"10.1159/000551680","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypoxia has been shown to extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans through mechanisms involving HIF-1 and DAF-16, but the interplay with SKN-1/Nrf, a key regulator of oxidative stress responses, remains complex. Studies have shown that SKN-1 reduced lifespan when overexpressed in hypoxic environments. However, the mechanism behind SKN-1 regulation under hypoxia is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the hypoxic regulation of SKN-1, particularly by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah-1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lifespan analyses were performed in wild-type and mutant C. elegans under normoxic (O₂ = 21%) and hypoxic (O₂ = 1%) conditions. Protein levels were evaluated by immunoblotting, while transcriptional activity of SKN-1 was assessed by measuring the expression downstream target genes (gcs-1, gss-1, and sod-3) using RT-qPCR. Quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed using DCFDA/H2DCFDA cellular ROS assay kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under normoxia, SKN-1 promoted lifespan extension, with its stability regulated by WDR-23. In contrast, under hypoxia, SKN-1 exerted a detrimental effect on lifespan. Both genetic disruption and pharmacological inhibition of Siah-1 indicated that SKN-1 stability under hypoxia is regulated by Siah-1. Hypoxia increased Siah-1 protein levels and were associated with reduced SKN-1 transcriptional activity, as evidenced by decreased expression of gcs-1, gss-1, and sod-3, alongside elevated ROS. Mechanistically, PMK-1 was required for hypoxia-induced Siah-1 upregulation and SKN-1 suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study identifies Siah-1 as a novel mediator linking hypoxic signaling to SKN-1-dependent transcriptional programs, providing insights into conserved mechanisms of stress adaptation and aging. This work underscores the importance of ubiquitin-mediated regulatory nodes in coordinating longevity pathways under environmental stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"470-480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Leixia Wang, Jianqian Chao, Na Zhang, Xinyue Li, Jianxia Li, Shengxuan Jin, Gangrui Tan, Tong Chen, Yiyao Wu","doi":"10.1159/000549808","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Sarcopenia is a growing concern as a geriatric syndrome associated with various adverse health outcomes. Determining its prevalence and identifying risk factors are essential for effective prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and identify the factors associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Guided by the PICo framework, we systematically searched six databases for relevant literature. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of included studies. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in overall older adults and subgroups. For risk factor analysis, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated, employing either random or fixed-effects models as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 eligible studies involving 70,202 older adults were included, among whom 7,488 were male and 9,054 were female. Forty studies were analyzed for both prevalence and related factors, while the remaining 12 were used for prevalence estimation only. The pooled analysis revealed a wide variation in the prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults, ranging from 5.2% to 50.0%, with an overall estimated prevalence of 18.8% (95% CI: 15.6%-22.4%) and substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 99.3%). Subgroup analyses showed that the highest rates were identified in studies using the EWGSOP 2018 definition (25.8%), Europe populations (23.4%), and using the anthropometric equations for muscle mass measurement (23.1%). Moreover, the factors significantly associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults were older age (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.8-3.8), BMI (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6-0.9), malnutrition (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.2-5.1), low physical activity (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.8-2.8), current smoking (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3-2.2), and comorbidities such as osteoporosis (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4), osteoarthritis (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.3-1.6), depression (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.9-4.7), diabetes (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4-5.4), and cognitive impairment (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.9-3.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults, with estimates significantly influenced by geographic region, diagnostic criteria, and muscle mass measurement methods. The findings highlight heterogeneity due to non-standardized diagnostic methods and identify key risk factors including advanced age, low BMI, malnutrition, low physical activity, and comorbidities such as osteoporosis. These results underscore the need for unified diagnostic standards and early community-based interventions targeting modifiable risks. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"110-125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12782612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speed of Voluntary Step Execution May Predict Survival among Older Adults: An Explorative Study.","authors":"Itshak Melzer, Ofri Gans-Or, Anat Reiner-Benaim, Iuly Treger, Lars I E Oddsson","doi":"10.1159/000551264","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: With the growing population of older adults, predicting survival through clinical examinations has gained an increased interest. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between balance measures, such as postural sway and voluntary stepping performance and survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed balance parameters, collected from previous studies conducted between 2005 and 2011, including postural sway, stabilogram diffusion analysis (SDA) in standing, and voluntary step execution. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to examine associations between balance parameters and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Voluntary stepping performance, especially under dual-task (DT) condition, was associated with survival. Slower step initiation time was associated with higher mortality risk; with every 0.100 s increase, the survival hazard rate ratios decreased by 28%. Postural sway parameters, particularly increase in anterior-posterior sway velocity, demonstrated predictive ability but less effective than voluntary stepping test parameters. Among SDA measures, higher critical displacement tended to show an association with lower survival in older adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings align with prior research regarding physical performance indicators, such as gait speed, to survival. Voluntary stepping under DT conditions extends this understanding by capturing both physical and cognitive functions, offering a more integrated survival assessment. Voluntary stepping performance, in DT conditions, may be a valuable predictor of survival in older adults. Incorporating DT-based assessments into clinical evaluations could improve survival prediction and guide early interventions targeting cognitive-motor health. Future studies should explore the longitudinal impact of voluntary stepping on survival, assessing whether cognitive-motor training for balance rehabilitation can enhance survival rates. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"363-374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147304802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Fitness and Physical Activity Levels One Year after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Older Hip Osteoarthritis Patients: A Longitudinal Observational Study.","authors":"Manne Godhe, Anders Stålman, Johnny Nilsson, Eva Andersson","doi":"10.1159/000551919","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) effectively alleviates pain and improves quality of life in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis (OA). However, there are limited comprehensive longitudinal data on physical function and objectively measured physical activity (PA) patterns after THA. The purpose of this study was to establish the test-retest reliability of physical fitness measures in patients with hip OA and to evaluate changes in physical fitness and activity over time following THA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-eight OA patients (mean age 73.7 ± 4.2 years, 81% women) scheduled for THA underwent comprehensive physical fitness testing and accelerometry-based PA monitoring. Assessments were conducted at two preoperative time points and at 4-month (n = 57) and 1-year postoperative follow-up (n = 48). The test battery included measures of muscle strength, motor fitness, and cardiorespiratory fitness. PA was objectively measured using hip-worn triaxial accelerometers. Self-reported Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) were collected pre- and postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Good to excellent test-retest reliability was demonstrated across 23 of 24 fitness parameters. At 1-year post-op, significant improvements were observed in 23 of 45 measured parameters, including functional mobility (timed up-and-go: -29%), walking distance (Six-Minute Walk Test: +16%), trunk endurance-strength (+71 to 82%), shoulder press (+32%), various leg strength tests (+13 to 42%), 4-m max walking speed (+42%), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (+63%) and daily step count from 6,004 to 7,558 steps/day (+26%). Ipsilateral-to-contralateral step height asymmetry decreased from 27% preoperatively to 8% at 1-year follow-up. VO_2peak demonstrated a modest but significant improvement from 22.7 to 23.6 mL/kg/min (+4%) 1 year postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed low fitness and activity levels in patients with severe hip OA before surgery, with marked improvements in physical fitness and activity measurements 1 year after surgery. The high reliability of the comprehensive assessment battery supports its usefulness for both research and clinical practice. These findings contribute to the existing evidence on simple, field-based fitness tests for patients with hip OA, while also offering methodological insights and recovery trajectories. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"419-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13262999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}