Global Challenges最新文献_第4页

Just Transition Toward Clean Energy Access With Focus on Lead-Based Perovskite Solar Cell Technology: Lessons, Experiences, and Future Perspectives 以铅基钙钛矿太阳能电池技术为重点，向清洁能源过渡：教训、经验和未来展望

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70135

Benjamin K. Korir, George G. Njema, Mojeed A. Agoro, Thembinkosi Donald Malevu, Joshua K. Kibet

{"title":"Just Transition Toward Clean Energy Access With Focus on Lead-Based Perovskite Solar Cell Technology: Lessons, Experiences, and Future Perspectives","authors":"Benjamin K. Korir, George G. Njema, Mojeed A. Agoro, Thembinkosi Donald Malevu, Joshua K. Kibet","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70135","url":null,"abstract":"Energy poverty remains a critical barrier to sustainable development, particularly in emerging and developing economies. Whereas solar technologies enjoy a positive public perception compared to fossil fuel infrastructure, the phenomenon of ‘green first’ or support for renewable energy can mislead government officials or policymakers into believing that social acceptance is not a key issue when deploying innovative renewable energy projects. In spite of technological advances that have progressed in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), critical ethical and environmental problems surrounding their application remain unresolved. Although, significant progress with PSCs, attention has focused on performance and scalability; few studies have integrated PSC toxicity, recycling, and environmental impacts within the energy justice framework applied to sub-Saharan Africa, Indo-Pacific regions, Latin America and other parts of the world. This review synthesizes evidence-based PSC environmental risks, recycling feasibility, and circular economy models, and links to potential impacts on equitable energy access in the context of environmental vulnerability and eco-safe resource constraints. The key findings show that while PSCs can dramatically reduce the cost of decentralised solar energy and enhance energy access, they can also support successful transitions that achieve the procedural, recognition, and equitable distribution and inclusivity necessary for energy justice globally.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validated Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometric Modelling for Rapid Quantification of Essential Oil Yield and α/β-Santalol in Santalum Album L. 经验证的近红外光谱和化学计量模型快速定量桑塔罗挥发油收率和α/β-桑塔罗。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70137

Muhammad Hassnain, Muhammad Rizwan Azhar

{"title":"Validated Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometric Modelling for Rapid Quantification of Essential Oil Yield and α/β-Santalol in Santalum Album L.","authors":"Muhammad Hassnain, Muhammad Rizwan Azhar","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70137","url":null,"abstract":"The sandalwood industry remains constrained by destructive, time-intensive assays for essential oil (EO) yield, composition, moisture content, and wood fraction, which limit real-time decision-making. We report a unified near-infrared spectroscopy-artificial intelligence (NIRS-AI) platform for non-destructive analytics across the Santalum album L. value chain. Reflectance and transmittance spectra from solid matrices (disks, logs, chips, and powders), oils, ethanol extracts, and CID-derived emulsions were acquired using benchtop (400–2500 nm) and portable (900–1700 nm) spectrometers and calibrated against hydrodistillation, gas chromatography, extraction, and moisture assays. Advanced chemometric modelling using AI-based machine learning techniques, including regularised regression, ensemble learning, boosting algorithms, and neural networks, was used to capture nonlinear spectral–property relationships and benchmark application-specific predictive performance. Independent external validation yielded R2 values of 0.97 for EO yield, 0.96 and 0.94 for α- and β-santalol, 0.99 for the heartwood-sapwood ratio, 0.86 for oil moisture, 0.98 for ethanol extract yield, and 0.94 for portable emulsion-yield prediction. NIRS also outperformed visible spectra for classifying heartwood, sapwood, inner and outer bark, and transition wood. ΔR2 analysis showed that ensemble models were comparatively robust to preprocessing variation, whereas linear models were more sensitive to changes in the variance structure.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental Impacts of Perovskite Solar Cell Materials: Transparency and Reproducibility Gaps, and Reporting Recommendations 钙钛矿太阳能电池材料的环境影响：透明度和可重复性差距，以及报告建议

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70125

A. Kamal Kamali, Olga Fuentes, Bertrand Laratte, Guido Sonnemann

{"title":"Environmental Impacts of Perovskite Solar Cell Materials: Transparency and Reproducibility Gaps, and Reporting Recommendations","authors":"A. Kamal Kamali, Olga Fuentes, Bertrand Laratte, Guido Sonnemann","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"As renewable energy deployment grows and silicon solar cells approach their efficiency limits, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) emerge as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. PSCs environmental impacts are assessed via life cycle assessment (LCA), which depends on the availability of high-quality life cycle inventories (LCIs). In this study, we systematically identified 101 LCIs related to PSC materials, aiming to recommend the most reliable among them. However, we found that all inventories rely on secondary data and frequently omit critical details such as production scale. We also reproduced reported inventories and found large discrepancies in environmental impacts—sometimes differing by several orders of magnitude across sources. These inconsistencies, coupled with poor documentation, prevented the identification of a single best inventory for any material. Instead, we recommend the use of the most detailed inventories characterized by the highest number of inventory flows as a basis to build more transparent inventories. Our findings demonstrate how gaps in transparency, documentation, and reproducibility in PSC materials inventories impede decision-making and erode confidence in LCA results. To address these issues, eleven steps are proposed when developing LCIs for emerging materials.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concentrated Solar Combined With Hydrothermal Treatment to Unlock Lignin Graphitization Mechanisms 聚光太阳能与水热处理相结合揭示木质素石墨化机理。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-27 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70115

Salomé Rigollet, Elsa Weiss-Hortala, Gilles Flamant, Ange Nzihou

{"title":"Concentrated Solar Combined With Hydrothermal Treatment to Unlock Lignin Graphitization Mechanisms","authors":"Salomé Rigollet, Elsa Weiss-Hortala, Gilles Flamant, Ange Nzihou","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70115","url":null,"abstract":"Biocarbons are carbon-rich materials produced from biomass and are increasingly used as sustainable alternatives to fossil-based materials for energy and environmental applications. Their production for commercial usages requires high temperature (above 2000°C), which calls for particular attention on energy consumption and environmental impact. Hydrothermal carbonization, selected as prestructuration step, produces small graphitic units with 6 stacked layers of 2.34 nm diameter. Further pyrolysis at 800°C increases layer length and the number of small graphitic units, giving an ideal graphitization precursor. Conventional and concentrated solar carbonization are compared in the graphitization step. At 1800°C, conventional carbonization leads to a turbostratic structure with a quality of graphitic domains characterized by low interlayer spacing (d002 = 0.357 nm) and long defective graphene layers (La(XRD) = 5.81 nm, La(Raman) = 3.17 ± 0.46 nm). Solar carbonization at 1800°C also yields long defective graphene layers, but the structure is heterogeneous with both a turbostratic (Lc = 2.41 nm, d002 = 0.368 nm) and a graphitic (Lc = 5.58 nm, d002 = 0.345 nm) phase. Even though solar carbonization relies on an intermittent energy source, it enables higher graphene layer stacking biocarbon as compared to conventional carbonization route.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148601834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agrivoltaics for Rural Development: Energy Security, Crop Diversification, and Sustainability on Mexican Rainfed Maize Farms 农业发电促进农村发展：墨西哥雨养玉米农场的能源安全、作物多样化和可持续性。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70133

Shahin Rasooli, Shahrzad Farhoodi, Catalina Spataru, Pabel Antonio Cervantes-Avilés, Carlos Alberto Huerta-Aguilar

{"title":"Agrivoltaics for Rural Development: Energy Security, Crop Diversification, and Sustainability on Mexican Rainfed Maize Farms","authors":"Shahin Rasooli, Shahrzad Farhoodi, Catalina Spataru, Pabel Antonio Cervantes-Avilés, Carlos Alberto Huerta-Aguilar","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70133","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70133","url":null,"abstract":"Resource availability, poverty, and underdevelopment are bottlenecks of modernization in rural communities. This study proposes a rural electrification and development strategy through deploying agrivoltaics (AV) systems on rainfed maize farms in rural Mexico. As an alternative to maize monoculture, we proposed lettuce, tomato, spinach, and potato in a crop rotation system. The strategy was evaluated through techno-economic and sustainability assessments under different adoption scenarios (5%, 10%, and 15% conversion rates of rainfed maize fields) and household energy demand profiles. Under the baseline energy demand growth rate, the results demonstrate that AV adoption can substantially enhance the net present value (NPV) of the studied municipality. Specifically, compared to the business-as-usual scenario's value of 86.7 million MXN, NPV increases to 162.4, 230.0, and 297.4 million MXN under the 5%, 10%, and 15% AV adoption scenarios, respectively, driven by the combined revenues generated from power sales and agricultural production. The photovoltaic component generates clean energy with a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of 837 MXN/MWh (47.4 USD/MWh), while diversifying the cropping system enhances resilience against market and climate shocks.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation of Urban Heat Risks via Shading Stations: An Experimental Comparison of Fabric and Photovoltaic Shading 通过遮阳站降低城市热风险：织物遮阳和光伏遮阳的实验比较。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70134

Liyue Jin, Xin Dong, Deo Prasad, Bao-Jie He

{"title":"Mitigation of Urban Heat Risks via Shading Stations: An Experimental Comparison of Fabric and Photovoltaic Shading","authors":"Liyue Jin, Xin Dong, Deo Prasad, Bao-Jie He","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70134","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70134","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring mitigation solutions is important for supporting heat-resilient urban designs. Shading stations offer a practical means of blocking direct solar exposure and improving the thermal environment of the station. This study aimed to compare the heat mitigation performance of fabric and photovoltaic (PV) canopy shading in terms of microclimate regulation and outdoor thermal comfort improvement based on field experiments in subtropical Jiangsu, China. The results indicate that artificial shading could significantly reduce the universal thermal climate index (UTCI), with average daytime reductions of 3.5°C for fabric shading and 3.1°C for PV canopy shading. Although both types of shading stations were effective, they exhibited distinct mechanisms of action. Fabric shading provided more consistent cooling and radiation reduction at the ground level (0–0.5 m). During the full-shading period (10:30–13:30), PV shading showed stronger downward longwave radiation, resulting in a weaker mitigation performance at pedestrian height (1.0–1.5 m) than that of fabric shading. Furthermore, the shading-induced mitigation performance can be affected by underlying surfaces. Grass surfaces enhanced cooling via evapotranspiration, whereas high-albedo hard surfaces sometimes contributed to heat accumulation. The differences in vertical temperatures verified the different mitigation mechanisms of the two types of shading stations along their height. Overall, this study provides a reference for designing artificial shading.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Renewable Energy Landscape: Power-to-X, Land Competition, and Ecological Balance in Denmark 丹麦的可再生能源景观：电力到x、土地竞争和生态平衡

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70132

Clara Donahue, Aggelos Sotiropoulos, George Xydis

{"title":"The Renewable Energy Landscape: Power-to-X, Land Competition, and Ecological Balance in Denmark","authors":"Clara Donahue, Aggelos Sotiropoulos, George Xydis","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70132","url":null,"abstract":"As Denmark continues to move towards a more decarbonized future, Power-to-X (PtX) technologies are becoming an important part of green energy and fuel. These technologies also have significant impacts on land and social equity. This study combines spatial analysis, qualitative case studies, and stakeholder mapping to analyze how PtX expansion interacts with land allocation and existing socio-economic inequalities within Denmark. Spatial mapping using geographical information systems (GIS) reveals that PtX infrastructure is more heavily sited in rural areas, heightening competition for land, environmental impacts, and economic impacts on local communities. These burdens affect rural communities more than urban ones. Case studies of three PtX facilities highlight how different planning and community engagement strategies produce varying outcomes. Stakeholder analysis identifies key tensions between developer actions and public response. Findings show that, while PtX can improve Denmark's energy security, a proactive policy is needed to ensure benefits are shared equally and community concerns are addressed. Recommendations include mandating early community engagement, prioritizing existing industrial sites, strengthening local benefit-sharing programs, enhancing environmental and social impact assessments, and expanding community education. This approach is crucial for Denmark to integrate PtX at scale while addressing spatial and socio-economic tradeoffs.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental Burden of Diesel Engines: A Life-Cycle Assessment and the Imperative for Cleaner Alternatives 柴油发动机的环境负担：一个生命周期评估和清洁替代品的必要性

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70130

Sanjeev Kumar, Shams Forruque Ahmed, Amit Pal, Minh Thien Nguyen, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Minh Thai Duong, Duc Chuan Nguyen, Hoang Dat Do, Dao Nam Cao

{"title":"Environmental Burden of Diesel Engines: A Life-Cycle Assessment and the Imperative for Cleaner Alternatives","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar, Shams Forruque Ahmed, Amit Pal, Minh Thien Nguyen, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Minh Thai Duong, Duc Chuan Nguyen, Hoang Dat Do, Dao Nam Cao","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70130","url":null,"abstract":"Internal combustion engine (ICE) is still the major source of energy for transportation systems worldwide. However, their environmental impacts continue to be a major issue, especially in developing countries like India. Since there is a lack of environmental evaluation of ICE technologies under Indian operating conditions, this study presents a comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a newly developed diesel engine under Indian operating conditions. The assessment follows the ISO 14040 framework and employs the ReCiPe Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methodology across production, operation, and end-of-life (EoL) phases. The operational phase is considered the major contributor to environmental degradation, mainly because of the consumption of diesel fuel. When neat diesel is used as the fuel, the highest impact is observed for Climate Change Potential (CCP) with 363,513.60 kg CO2-eq, followed by fossil resource scarcity with 58,358.51 kg oil-eq and Acidification Potential (AP) with 18,193.93 kg SO2-eq. Photochemical Ozone Formation Potential (POFP) and Fine Particulate Matter Formation (FPMF) also present significant impacts with 259.16 kg NOx-eq. and 501.45 kg PM-eq., respectively. The results emphasize the need for new fuel alternatives like biodiesel, technological solutions like hybridization and proper policy measures for successfully reducing environmental emissions associated with ICE.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trade Cooperation, Environmental Protection, and Sustainability: The Belt and Road Initiative Perspective 贸易合作、环境保护与可持续发展：“一带一路”的视角

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70129

Yu-Fei Zhang, Hao Wang, Li-Jing Liu, Wen-Hui Xu, Xiang-Yan Qian

{"title":"Trade Cooperation, Environmental Protection, and Sustainability: The Belt and Road Initiative Perspective","authors":"Yu-Fei Zhang, Hao Wang, Li-Jing Liu, Wen-Hui Xu, Xiang-Yan Qian","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70129","url":null,"abstract":"Trade cooperation is crucial for socioeconomic development and environmental sustainability. Countries connected by the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) account for 54% of the world's primary energy supply, and most countries along the Belt and Road (B&R) region are developing economies, typically facing the dilemma of economic growth and environmental protection. Based on the global multi-regional dynamic computable general equilibrium model (C3IAM3.0/GEEPA), this study systematically simulates the impact of trade cooperation in the B&R region on the distribution of economic and environmental effects from a global economy-wide perspective. Results show that trade liberalization fosters trade growth and enhances residents' welfare. However, it is also found that foreign direct investment has positive effects on economic growth in the mid-and-long term but also exacerbates environmental losses. Finally, the effectiveness of a customized carbon reduction policy is verified in this study, providing an opportunity to achieve the balance between trade cooperation and environmental protection, inspiring governments to develop a more desirable combination of policies, instead of treating economic growth and environmental protection as mutually exclusive.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface-Engineered Filters for Wettability-Driven Collection of Airborne Fungal Spores 表面工程过滤器的润湿性驱动收集空气中的真菌孢子。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70127

Hafiza Umaima Affan, Claire Lenehan, Sally Fryar, Michael Taylor, Harriet Whiley, Iliana Delcheva, Melanie MacGregor

{"title":"Surface-Engineered Filters for Wettability-Driven Collection of Airborne Fungal Spores","authors":"Hafiza Umaima Affan, Claire Lenehan, Sally Fryar, Michael Taylor, Harriet Whiley, Iliana Delcheva, Melanie MacGregor","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70127","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental sampling of fungal spores is critical for assessing exposure risks, but current methods often miss low-abundance or spatially dispersed spores, highlighting the need for more sensitive sampling methods. This study explores the use of plasma polymerization to chemically modify air filters for enhanced fungal spore capture. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filters are coated with nanothin films from four monomers -acrylic acid, 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (POX), 1,7-octadiene, and perfluorooctane (PFO)- and characterized using ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements to evaluate film thickness, chemistry, and wettability. A custom aerosolization chamber was used to test the capture efficiency of plasma-modified filters for airborne spores from four species: Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Penicillium roqueforti, and Rhodotorula glutinis. Quantitative analysis using hemocytometry and dry biomass measurement reveals species-specific adhesion patterns that are predominantly driven by surface chemistry. Hydrophobic PFO-coated filters achieved the highest capture of filamentous fungi, while hydrophilic POX coatings best captured the tested yeast. Coating thickness had no significant effect, highlighting the primacy of surface chemistry over film depth. These findings establish plasma polymerization as an effective strategy to tailor filter surfaces for selective fungal spore capture, providing a proof-of-concept for functionalized air filters that support improved bioaerosol monitoring in built environments.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148375509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0