Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Altered intrinsic neural activity and its molecular analyses in first-episode schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations.","authors":"Ziyu Wang, Kangkang Xue, Yimeng Kang, Zijun Liu, Jingliang Cheng, Yan Zhang, Yarui Wei","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1478963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1478963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are one of the signature positive symptoms of schizophrenia, affecting a substantial portion of patients with schizophrenia. These hallucinations seriously impact the lives of patients, resulting in a substantial social burden. Recent studies have shown a significant correlation between abnormal local brain activity and the neurobiological mechanisms of AVHs. However, it is not fully clear whether altered intrinsic brain activity in schizophrenia patients with AVHs is correlated with specific neurotransmitter systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 50 first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with AVHs, 50 patients without AVHs (NAVHs), and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was utilized to explore the altered intrinsic brain activity in the AVH group. Subsequently, we spatially correlated the altered ALFF with neurotransmitter maps using JuSpace.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, compared to HCs, the AVH group exhibited significantly reduced ALFF in multiple brain regions, mainly including the left precuneus, bilateral supplementary motor areas, bilateral paracentral lobules, bilateral precentral gyri, and bilateral postcentral gyri. The NAVH group showed significantly reduced ALFF in the left inferior occipital gyrus, left calcarine gyrus, and left lingual gyrus compared to HCs. Furthermore, the AVH group showed higher ALFF in the right inferior frontal gyrus compared to the NAVH group. Additionally, these ALFF alterations in the AVH group were closely related to three neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We link neurotransmitters to abnormal intrinsic brain activity in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with AVHs, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiological processes and treatment pathways underlying AVHs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11554611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated home cage monitoring of an aging colony of mice-Implications for welfare monitoring and experimentation.","authors":"Joanna L Moore, James Kennedy, Abdul-Azim Hassan","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1489308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1489308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our understanding of laboratory animal behavior and the implications of husbandry activities on their wellbeing remains incomplete. This is especially relevant with an aging colony as their activity patterns may change as they mature. Home Cage Monitoring (HCM) provides valuable insights into mouse activity within the animal's own environment and can shed light on acclimatization periods and responses to husbandry activities such as cage changing. The aim of this study was to monitor and explore changes in the activity and rest disturbance (RDI) patterns of an aging colony of male and female C57/BL6 mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mice were housed in the Digitally Ventilated Cage^® system, for up to 18 months of age. Data was then downloaded to investigate how the activity patterns and RDI of the mice changed over time. Habituation, aging and cage change assessments were conducted using linear mixed models, while cage separation and stereotypic behavior investigations were conducted by visual inspection of the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As expected during the study, mice were less active during the light phase compared to the dark phase. However, on arrival mice displayed heightened activity and RDI during the light phase and reduced activity and RDI during the dark phase, taking several days to adjust to baseline \"acclimatized\" patterns. With age, overall activity significantly decreased from 5 months until 14 months of age, after which it increased back toward baseline levels. We also observed activity spikes during our monitoring of this colony. Prolonged housing can lead to alarming stereotypic behaviors in animals. Cages of mice flagged for potential stereotypy displayed sustained activity spikes in the light and dark phases. Spikes in activity during the dark phase were much more pronounced than in the light phase. Cage changing led to an increase in the light phase activity and RDI compared to the previous day, with no observed difference in the dark phase post-cage change. This effect remained consistent as the animals aged.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study explores changes in the activity patterns of an aging colony of male and female C57/BL6 mice housed in the Digitally Ventilated Cage^® system. We identified distinct aging phases concerning activity and RDI differences and a potential new welfare application for the DVC^®, specifically for early detection of stereotypy. In conclusion, the adoption of HCM systems should be considered for long-term animal housing from both a welfare and behavioral perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11554610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Noncoding RNAs in neurodegenerative disorders: from current insights and future directions to translational modeling and therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Yujing Li, Akshay Bhinge, Satoshi Inoue, Gonçalo Garcia","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1497673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1497673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11554652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Biocompatibility of implanted devices, modulation, and repair in the nervous system.","authors":"Michael B Christensen, Xinyan T Cui, Loren Rieth, David J Warren","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1505912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1505912","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased cerebellar vermis volume following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy: a voxel-based morphometry study.","authors":"Mingyeong So, Jooheon Kong, Young-Tak Kim, Keun-Tae Kim, Hayom Kim, Jung Bin Kim","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1421917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1421917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was applied to explore structural changes induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and the relationship with clinical outcomes. Moreover, the relationship between each segmented regional gray matter (GM) volume was investigated to identify circuits involved in the rTMS treatment process in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen patients with DRE were finally included in the analysis. A session of rTMS was applied for 5 consecutive days. Participants received either 1,000 or 3,000 pulses, at a frequency of 0.5 Hz and the intensity was set at 90% of the individual's resting motor threshold. VBM analysis was performed to explore regional GM volume changes 2 months after rTMS application. The regional volume change was correlated with seizure reduction rate. Relationships between changes in GM volume in each anatomically parcellated region were analyzed using a fully-automated segmentation pipeline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the baseline, seizure frequency was reduced, and quality of life was improved after rTMS treatment. Regional volume was increased in the cerebellar vermis 2 months after rTMS application. The increased cerebellar vermis volume correlated with the reduced seizure frequency. Regional volume changes in the cerebellar vermis were correlated with changes in the subcortical and cortical GM regions including the thalamus, caudate, and frontal cortex.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results indicate that rTMS treatment effectively reduced seizure frequency in patients with DRE. Increased volume in the cerebellar vermis and activations of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit may be a crucial mechanism underlying the effectiveness of rTMS application in patients with DRE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving speech intelligibility in noise and spatial perception: the critical role of hearing aid microphone position.","authors":"Eyyup Kara, Nurşah Özal, Burcu Deniz, Talha Çögen, Rışvan Deniz, Kübra Aydın, Cenk Caba, Begüm Bahar Yılmaz","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1475122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1475122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hearing aid (HA) manufacturers have introduced behind-the-ear (BTE) models where the microphone is positioned in the ear canal, which could impact auditory performance by distorting the pinna's acoustic cues. This study aimed to compare two different BTE HAs with varying microphone positions: the receiver in the ear (RITE) and the transducer in the ear (TIE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 10 participants who had never used HAs before. They used both RITE and TIE HAs bilaterally for 3 weeks. Auditory performance was assessed through free field hearing assessments (hearing thresholds, speech recognition threshold, and speech discrimination score), the Turkish Matrix Sentence Test (TURMatrix), a sound localization test, and the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Living (SADL) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between TIE and RITE in the free field hearing assessments. However, TIE outperformed RITE in non-adaptive TURMatrix scores in quiet, adaptive TURMatrix scores in noise, and sound localization accuracy at various angles. SADL sub-scores (Positive Effect, Service and Cost, and Personal Image) and overall satisfaction scores were significantly better for TIE.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The microphone position in HAs can influence auditory performance. This study demonstrated that TIE provided better speech intelligibility, localization accuracy, and user satisfaction compared to RITE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11543641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}