Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"High-resolution vessel wall imaging-driven radiomic analysis for the precision prediction of intracranial aneurysm rupture risk: a promising approach.","authors":"Wenqing Yuan, Shuangyan Jiang, Zihang Wang, Chang Yan, Yongxiang Jiang, Dajing Guo, Ting Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1581373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1581373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to extract the radiomic features of intracranial aneurysm (IA) and parent artery (PA) walls from high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) images and construct and validate machine learning (ML) predictive models by comparing them with the radiomics score (Rad-score).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 356 IAs from 306 patients were retrospectively analyzed at Yuzhong Center and randomly divided into training and test cohorts in an 8:2 ratio. Additionally, 66 IAs from 58 patients were used at Jiangnan Center to validate the predictive model. Radiomic features of the IA and PA walls were extracted from the contrast-enhanced HR-VWI images. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were performed on the training cohort features to identify optimal rupture-associated features. The Rad-score model was constructed by calculating the total score derived from the weighted sum of optimal radiomic features, and three ML models were built using the XGBoost, LightGBM, and CART algorithms, and evaluated using both the test and external validation cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight optimal IA wall features and four PA wall features were identified. The Rad-score model demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.858, 0.800, and 0.770 for the training, test, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Among the three ML models, the XGBoost model performed best across all cohorts, with AUC values of 0.983, 0.891, and 0.864, respectively. Compared to the Rad-score model, the XGBoost model exhibited superior AUC values (<i>p</i> < 0.05), better calibration curve Brier scores, and greater net clinical benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The radiomic features extracted from HR-VWI images demonstrated robust predictive utility for IA rupture risk in both the Rad-score and ML models. The XGBoost-based ML model outperformed the Rad-score model in efficacy and performance, and proved to be a noninvasive, efficient, and accurate tool for identifying high-risk IA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1581373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Shank3</i> mutation manifests in abnormal gastrointestinal morphology and function in mice.","authors":"Gari L Eberly, Marie Manthey, Karen K L Pang, Heba Hussein, Emmanuel Vargas Paniagua, Scott Machen, Sara Maeve Klingensmith, Polina Anikeeva","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1552369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1552369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal (GI) comorbidities are common among those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but their etiology is not well understood. This study aimed to characterize gastrointestinal morphology and function in Shank3B mutant mice, a common genetic model of ASD, to identify potential alterations to the GI tract that could underlie ASD-associated GI comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GI and enteric nervous system morphology was characterized using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. GI permeability was measured using the FITC-Dextran paracellular permeability assay. Whole-GI tract motility time was measured <i>in vivo</i> using the carmine dye motility assay. Colonic contractions were characterized by tracking motility using an <i>ex vivo</i> motility assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Homozygous knock-out (KO) <i>Shank3B^-/-</i> mice exhibit significantly altered epithelial morphology and increased GI permeability. An increased myenteric plexus density and a higher number of HuC/D-expressing neurons in myenteric ganglia are observed in the colon of <i>Shank3B^-/-</i> mice. These mice exhibit slowed whole-GI tract transit and reduced velocity and propagation length of colonic contractions. Compared to <i>Shank3B^-/-</i> mice, heterozygous <i>Shank3B^+/-</i> mice exhibit milder epithelial, neuronal, and functional alterations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Shank3B^-/-</i> mice exhibit altered GI morphology and function, while <i>Shank3B^+/-</i> mice exhibit a partial phenotype. These results indicate that <i>Shank3,</i> whose mutation is associated with ASD, is critical for function of the GI tract and its mutation may contribute to the etiology of GI comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1552369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of clinical anatomical correlates of motor deficits in stroke by multivariate lesion inference based on game theory.","authors":"Monica N Toba, Caroline Malherbe, Melissa Zavaglia, Audrey Arnoux, Mélanie Barbay, Claus C Hilgetag, Olivier Godefroy","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1409107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1409107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The exploration of causal functional inferences on the basis of deficits observed after neurological impairments is often based on the separate study of gray matter regions or white matter tracts. Here, we aimed at jointly analysing contributions of gray matter and white matter by using the domain of motor function and the approach of iterative estimated Multi-perturbation Shapley Analysis (MSA), a multivariate game-theoretical lesion inference method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed motor scores assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) together with corresponding lesion patterns of 272 stroke patients using a finely parcellated map of 150 gray matter regions and white matter tracts of the brain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MSA revealed a small set of essential causal contributions to motor function from the internal capsule, the cortico-spinal tract, and the cortico-ponto-cerebellum tract.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings emphasize the connectional anatomy of motor function and, on the methodological side, confirm that the advanced multivariate method of iterative estimated MSA provides a practical strategy for the characterization of brain functions on the basis of finely resolved maps of the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1409107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesizing intelligible utterances from EEG of imagined speech.","authors":"Wenjing Xiong, Lin Ma, Haifeng Li","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1565848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1565848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decoding natural language directly from neural activity is of great interest to people with limited communication means. Being a non-invasive and convenient approach, the electroencephalogram (EEG) offers better portability and wider application potentiality. We present an EEG-to-speech system (ETS) that synthesizes audible, and highly understandable language by EEG of imagined speech. Our ETS applies a specially designed X-shape deep neural network (DNN) to realize an End-to-End correspondence between imagined speech EEG and the speech. The system innovatively incorporates dynamic time warping into the network's training process, using actual speech EEG data as a bridge to temporally align imagined speech EEG signals with speech signals. The ETS performance was evaluated on 13 participants who pretraining four Chinese disyllabic words. These words cover all four tones and 40% of the phonemes in Chinese. Our synthesized utterances' average accuracy across all subjects was 91.23%, the average MOS value was 3.50, and the best accuracy was 99% with an MOS value of 3.99. Furthermore, a partial feedback mechanism for DNN and spectral subtraction-based speech enhancement are introduced to improve the quality of generated speech. Our findings prove that non-invasive approaches can be a significant step in regaining verbal language ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1565848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A window into the brain: multimodal MRI assessment of vascular cognitive impairment.","authors":"Changjun Ma, Ailian Liu, Jiahui Liu, Xiulin Wang, Fengyu Cong, Ying Li, Jing Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1526897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1526897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a diverse range of syndromes, including mild cognitive impairment and vascular dementia (VaD), primarily attributed to cerebrovascular lesions and vascular risk factors. Its prevalence ranks second only to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in neuro diseases. The advancement of medical imaging technology, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has enabled the early detection of structural, functional, metabolic, and cerebral connectivity alterations in individuals with VCI. This paper examines the utility of multimodal MRI in evaluating structural changes in the cerebral cortex, integrity of white matter fiber tracts, alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and glymphatic system (GS) activity, alteration of neurovascular coupling function, assessment of brain connectivity, and assessment of metabolic changes in patients with VCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1526897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swallowing function management in patients with disorders of consciousness: a scoping review.","authors":"Hua Long, Bixia Lu, Qiao Tan, Dongmei Dai, Fengfei Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1595393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1595393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with disorders of consciousness often have concurrent swallowing difficulties, although the assessment methods, interventions, and their effectiveness have not been systematically described. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of assessment methods and rehabilitation interventions for swallowing function in patients with disorders of consciousness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review was performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline. Studies that describe a screening method to examine swallowing function or assess a kind of swallowing management intervention among individuals with disorders of consciousness (DoC) were included. Following Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework, databases including CNKI, WangFan, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane, Scopus, and Medline were systematically searched, from the inception of each database to June 2024. Relevant studies were extracted and analyzed. The main review question is \"What has been studied about swallowing function management in patients with DoC?\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessment methods for swallowing function in patients with disorders of consciousness primarily included clinical swallowing assessments, scale-based evaluations, and instrument-based assessments. Rehabilitation interventions for swallowing function encompassed sensory stimulation, K-point stimulation, functional oral intake therapy, oral intermittent tube feeding, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and acupuncture therapy. Most of the included studies did not explicitly specify the timing of swallowing assessment and intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A standardized approach for evaluating and intervening in swallowing function among patients with disorders of consciousness is notably lacking. Selecting appropriate swallowing assessment tools and devising evidence-based management plans tailored to assessment results could improve the swallowing function and patient outcomes. More high-quality designing research that compares the assessment accuracy of different evaluation methods, as well as develops personalized interventions are imperative.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SURBY.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1595393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16 weeks of moderate intensity resistance exercise improves strength but is insufficient to alter brain structure in Gulf War Veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Stephanie M Van Riper, Jacob V Ninneman, Aaron J Stegner, Brady A Riedner, Laura D Ellingson, Ryan J Dougherty, Patrick J O'Connor, Gunnar A Roberge, Andrew L Alexander, Doug C Dean, Jill N Barnes, Dane B Cook","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1488397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1488397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a primary condition of Veterans who were deployed to the Persian Gulf War. The mechanisms that underlie CMP in these Veterans are unknown and few efficacious treatment options exist. This study tested the effects of 16 weeks of resistance exercise training (RET) on gray matter (GM) volume and white matter (WM) microstructure in Gulf War Veterans (GWVs) with CMP compared to GWV waitlist controls (WLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four GWVs were randomly assigned to 16 weeks of RET (<i>n</i> = 28) or WLC (<i>n</i> = 26). Training involved 10 resistance exercises to involve the whole body, was supervised and individually tailored, and progressed slowly to avoid symptom exacerbation. Outcomes assessed at baseline, 6, 11 and 17 weeks and 6- and 12-months post-intervention included GM volume (voxel-based morphometry), WM microstructure (diffusion tensor imaging), pain [short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and 0-100 visual analog scale (VAS)], fatigue (0-100 VAS), and mood (Profile of Mood States). Muscular strength was assessed at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks, and training volume was tracked throughout the 16-week intervention. Primary analyses used linear mixed effects models with Group, Time, and the Group*Time interaction as fixed factors and subject and slope as random factors to test the differential effects of RET and WLC on brain structure and symptoms. All neuroimaging analyses used the False Discovery Rate to correct for multiple comparisons at an alpha of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strength increased significantly across the trial for the RET group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There were significant Group*Time interaction effects for pain ratings (SF-MPQ total; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and the Profile of Mood States total mood disturbance score (<i>p</i> < 0.01). There were no Group or Group*Time effects for GM volume or WM microstructure. There were no significant associations between strength, symptoms, and brain structure (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sixteen weeks of low-to-moderate intensity RET (i) improved musculoskeletal strength and (ii) did not exacerbate symptoms, but (iii) was insufficient to alter brain structure in GWVs with CMP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1488397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galvanic vestibular stimulation for postural rehabilitation in neurological disorders: a systematic review.","authors":"Wei Fu, Ya Bai, Xiaoming Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1580078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1580078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) may potentially improve postural rehabilitation. However, the postural control role of GVS in the neurological disorders has not been systematically reviewed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science to synthesize key findings of the effectiveness of single and multiple sessions of GVS alone and combined with other interventions on balance in adults with neurological disorders. Diagnosis of neurological disorders, sample size, age and gender of participants, GVS parameters, postural assessments, and study findings were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess study quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five studies were included in the systematic review. Clinical application of GVS for postural control included Parkinson's disease, bilateral vestibulopathy, stroke-induced hemiplegia, multiple sclerosis, progressive supranuclear palsy, persistent postural-perceptual dizziness, and unilateral vestibulopathy. GVS effectively improves postural control in most neurological disorders. Risk of bias assessment showed that most studies had a low risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GVS is a promising complementary therapy to improve postural control and balance in adults with neurological disorders. Future high quality studies should be performed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1580078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant maternal brain dorsal anterior cingulate cortex choline/creatine ratios on 1H-MR spectroscopy in opioid exposure.","authors":"Jonathan A Class, Ramana V Vishnubhotla, Yi Zhao, Nathan Ooms, David M Haas, Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, Rupa Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1569558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1569558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing interest in understanding the effects of opioid use on the brain, yet the effects of opioid use on the pregnant maternal brain are still relatively unknown. Pregnant women with opioid exposure during pregnancy are at high risk for adverse neurological and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Much of what is currently known about the impact of opioids on the maternal brain is mainly derived from studies in animal models; however, species-specific opioid pathways and other socio-environmental factors complicate the interpretation of results. A few studies in non-pregnant adults have shown the utility of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in risk prediction in substance exposure. We know that pregnancy alters the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of opioid metabolism, and the impact of opioids on synapses may differ during pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant state. We, therefore, aimed to understand the neurometabolic alterations in pregnant women on medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). In our multicenter study, we utilized 1H MRS to analyze metabolic alterations in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in pregnant women on MOUD (12 subjects) vs. pregnant control women (21 subjects) without substance exposure. Using multivariable linear regression, we identified a positive association between opioid exposure and choline-to-creatine (Cho/Cr) ratios after correcting for gestational age and scanner site. We also identified a significant elevation in the Cho/Cr ratio in pregnant women on MOUD and concomitant polysubstance exposure when compared to pregnant women on MOUD without exposure to other substances and control pregnant women. These altered metabolite concentrations that we identified in the dACC may provide a mechanistic understanding of the neurobiology of MOUD and insights for better management and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1569558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep linear matrix approximate reconstruction with integrated BOLD signal denoising reveals reproducible hierarchical brain connectivity networks from multiband multi-echo fMRI.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Alexander Cohen, Michael McCrea, Pratik Mukherjee, Yang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1577029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1577029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hierarchical modular functional structure in the human brain has not been adequately depicted by conventional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition techniques and traditional functional connectivity reconstruction methods. Fortunately, rapid advancements in fMRI scanning techniques and deep learning methods open a novel frontier to map the spatial hierarchy within Brain Connectivity Networks (BCNs). The novel multiband multi-echo (MBME) fMRI technique has increased spatiotemporal resolution and peak functional sensitivity, while the advanced deep linear model (multilayer-stacked) named DEep Linear Matrix Approximate Reconstruction (DELMAR) enables the identification of hierarchical features without extensive hyperparameter tuning. We incorporate a multi-echo blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal and DELMAR for denoising in its first layer, thereby eliminating the need for a separate multi-echo independent component analysis (ME-ICA) denoising step. Our results demonstrate that the DELMAR/Denoising/Mapping strategy produces more accurate and reproducible hierarchical BCNs than traditional ME-ICA denoising followed by DELMAR. Additionally, we showcase that MBME fMRI outperforms multiband (MB) fMRI in terms of hierarchical BCN mapping accuracy and precision. These reproducible spatial hierarchies in BCNs have significant potential for developing improved fMRI diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of functional connectivity across a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1577029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}